etezad razavi m

To compare recurrence rates and complications of 2 surgical methods for primary pterygium excision: subconjunctival injection of mitomycin C (MMC) 1 month before bare scleral excision and conjunctival rotational flap with intraoperative MMC application. Eighty-two eyes of 82 patients participated in the study and were allocated randomly into two groups. Group A received subconjunctival injection of MMC 1 month before bare scleral excision, and group B underwent conjunctival rotational flap with intraoperative MMC application for 2 minutes. Exclusion criteria consisted of pregnancy and lactation, history of ocular surgery,glaucoma, herpetic keratitis, trachoma and any autoimmune disease. The main outcome measure was recurrence and complications rate in each group. Mean age of the patients was 48.48± 13.67 years and 51.1% of cases were female. Follow up visits were performed at 1,3,6,9 and 12 months after the operation. Two cases of clinical recurrence occurred in group B (4.3%). However there was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of recurrence rate (P=0.31). Subconjunctival injection of MMC 1 month before bare scleral excision is a quick, easy, and safe surgical procedure for pterygium excision and is at least as effective as conjunctival rotational flap with intraoperative MMC application.

To report the rate of visual impairment in pervasive developmental disorder (PDD). In this descriptive-analytic study 62 children with PPD diagnosed by a children psychiatrist were included. All subjects were evaluated for age, sex, systemic & eye conditions such as refractive errors,strabismus, oculomotor disorders, color vision, stereopsis, visual contact and fixation pattern. Overall, 68% of cases were male and 32% were female; age ranged from 5 to 15 years (mean age=8.4 year). Forty percent of case had no central fixation & 60% had inappropriate visual contact. 19.6% of cases had exotropia & 6.5% had esotropia.Cycloplegic refraction demonstrated hyperopia in 72% of cases (mean=+1.3D). Hyeropia ≥+ 1.5 was present in 50% of cases. The prevalence of astigmatism was 30% and 80% of them were with the rule. Ophthalmologic problems in PPD children appear to be mainly hyperopia, astigmatism and poor fixation. Strabismus (especially exotropia) also has a high prevalence among PPD children which can lead to amblyopia.Because of their limited communication; complete eye examination for early diagnosis should be recommended.

We studied 208 Iranian subjects aged 30 to 50 years. Upper eyelid crease height was measured in lateral, medial and central positions using Calipers. Levator function (LF) was also evaluated after exclusion of frontalis muscle function. Mean age was 39.1±5.9 years and female to male ratio was 2.25. Overall mean LF was 15.70±1.77 mm (15.56±1.69 mm in female and 16.02±1.88 mm in male subjects). Overall mean lid margin medial crease distance (LMMC) was 3.84±1 mm (3.71±0.94 mm in female and 4.15±1.06 mm in male subjects); mean lid margin central crease distance (LMCC) was 7.57±1.54 mm (7.47±1.49 mm in female and 7.80±1.63 mm in male subjects) and mean lid margin lateral crease distance (LMLC) was 3.89±1.02 mm (3.82±1.03 mm in female and 4.04±1.01 mm in male subjects). There was no significant difference between men and women regarding LF, LMCC, LMLC and double crease however, LMMC was significantly greater in male subjects. Defining a normal range for upper eye lid crease dimensions in various races and different genders is helpful for cosmetic eyelid surgery.

با توجه به شیوع عود آدنوم پلئومورفیک غده لاکریمال بعد از برداشت ناکامل آن، تشخیص کلینیکی و رادیولوژیک ضایعه قبل از عمل و دقت در نحوه عمل جراحی ضروری می باشد. در این گزارش بیماری، مرد 39 ساله ای که ده سال قبل از مراجعه به کلینیک ما تحت عمل جراحی برداشتن تومور میکسد لاکریمال از راه ترانس کرانیال قرار گرفته بود، مطرح می گردد.

6 ماه قبل از مراجعه رشد تومور مجددا تسریع یافته و پروپتوز و جابجایی قابل توجه گلوب (حدود 3 سانتیمتر) به سمت پایین و داخل وجود داشت. هیپرتروفی بافت نرم پلک و لک قرینه به علت ازمان بیماری و پروپتوز شدید دیده می شد. عمل جراحی از طریق اربیتوتومی قدامی و لترال بدون برداشتن استخوان صورت گرفته و کل ضایعه همراه با پسودو کپسول خارج گردید. دید بیمار از حرکت دست قبل از عمل به حدود یک متر شمارش انگشتان افزایش یافت.

با توجه به ریسک تغییرات بدخیمی و عود در جراحی نلکامل یا بیوپسی ضایعه آدنوم پلئومورفیک غده اشکی، توصیه به جراحی کامل با پسودو کپسول ضایعه می شود.

Abnormal head posture (AHP) is an important clinical sign which may be due to non-ocular or ocular causes. Because of disperse data in the literature, this review of articles was performed. Data base search with the keywords "abnormal head posture" was performed from 1975 to 2004. The main etiologies of AHP, case reports with specific causes, therapeutic interventions, and any significant points regarding AHP were gathered. An AHP should alert the examiner to search for various conditions and its proper interpretation is an important step in diagnosis and therapy. Ocular causes should be ruled out in any case of AHP. AHP due to ocular causes can be observed in conditions related to extraocular motility or may occur to increase quality of visual acuity or visual field. Comitant and incomitant deviations, supranuclear palsies, A and V patterns, nystagmus, and central nervous system disorders are causes of ocular torticolis. Facial asymmetry can be a feature of a long-standing congenital or acquired AHP.