fereshteh pourmohseni-koluri

The aim of this research was to compare resilience, wisdom, expressed emotion and time perspective in mothers with mentally disabled children and mothers with healthy children. The present research was a descriptive study of a causal-comparative type, the research sample included all mothers with mentally retarded children and mothers with normal children aged 7 to 12 years in the academic year 1401-1402, of which 120 mothers, 60 mothers with mentally retarded children and 60 mothers with normal children were selected using available sampling method. Data were collected using Zimbardo and Boyd's time perspective questionnaires, Connor and Davidson's resilience scale, King and Emmons' emotional expressiveness and Ardlet's wisdom questionnaire. In order to analyze the data, multivariate analysis of variance was used and data was analyzed using SPSS software. The obtained results showed that the components of time perspective, expressed emotion, resilience and wisdom in mothers with intellectually disabled children compared to mothers with healthy children. In other words, compared to mothers with normal children, mothers with mentally disabled children experience less wisdom, more deterministic present, positive past and less future-oriented present, less resilience, more negative emotions and less positive emotions. This findings, clarify the importance of studying the variables affecting the psychological health of caregivers of mentally retarded children.

The present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of emotional self-control training on impulsivity and parent-child relationships of boys with cyberbullying. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all the male students in the second year of high school in Tehran (regions 1 and 2) in the academic year of 2022-2023, 39 of whom were selected by Purposive Sampling method after screening and in experimental groups (n=19) and control (n=20). were placed. The experimental group underwent eight 75-minute sessions of emotional self-control training (Leahy, et al., 2012). The data collection tools included the cyber-bullying/victimization experiences questionnaire Antoniadou et al (2016, CBVEQ), the parent-child relationship survey Fine et al (1983, PCRS), and the Barratt impulsivity questionnaire- 11 Patton et al (1995, BIS-11). The results showed that by controlling the effect of the pre-test, there is a significant difference at the 0.01 level between the mean post-test impulsivity and parent-child relationships in the two experimental and control groups. As a result, emotional self-control training can be used as an effective treatment method to reduce impulsivity and improve parent-child relationships in adolescent boys with cyberbullying.

Internet addiction as a diagnostic category in DSM-V has attracted the attention of researchers due to its negative consequences on the mental health of users. The purpose of this research is to investigate the mediating role of creative thinking in the relationship between brain-behavioral systems and alexithymia with internet addiction among students. The present research was conducted using the descriptive-correlation method of path analysis. The statistical population of this research included all girl students of the first year of high school in Ardabil city in 1401, from which 250 samples were selected by random cluster sampling. They responded to Toronto Bagby's alexithymia Questionnaire (1994), Carver White's Brain-Behavioral Systems Scale (1994), Young's Internet Addiction Questionnaire (1998) and Hani's Creative Thinking Questionnaire (2014). The direct relationships of the collected data were analyzed using SPSS23 and Amos24 software, and the indirect relationships were analyzed using bootstrap. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the brain-behavioral activation system and alexithymia with internet addiction, and there is a negative and significant relationship between creative thinking and internet addiction. Also, there was a positive and significant relationship between the behavioral activation system and creative thinking, and a negative and significant relationship was seen between alexithymia and creative thinking. In addition, creative thinking plays a mediating role in the relationship between alexithymia and behavioral activation system with internet addiction (p<0.05). Mental health and education professionals can use these results to prevent internet addiction in students.

The study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of life skills training on social-emotional development, suicidal thoughts and emotional memory of students who have experienced violence. The research method is a pre-test-post-test experiment with a control group. The statistical population of this research was all the second-high school students of Ardebil city, among them, students who have experienced one of the victims in a few months and also have one of the problems of power imbalance. reported that 60 students were selected as victims of violence in a targeted manner and tested and controlled in two groups in a simple random manner. Both groups answered questionnaires of student's development of Sinha & Sing (AISS(, Beck's suicidal thoughts and emotional memory of King & Emonz before the experiment. Then, the experimental group received the life skills package in 10 sessions, and during this time, the control group did not receive any intervention. After completing the training of the life skills program, both groups answered the questionnaire again. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance test. The findings showed that emotional-social development showed a significant improvement in the subjects of the experimental group compared to the control group. Also, suicidal thoughts and negative emotional memory have significantly decreased in the subjects of the experimental group. Therefore, it can be said that teaching life skills has had a significant impact on social-emotional development, suicidal thoughts and emotional memory of students who have seen violence.

Menopause typically occurs between the ages of 45 years and 56 years. During the menopausal transition, approximately 50% to 75% of women have hot flashes, night sweats, or both (vasomotor symptoms) and more than 50% have genitourinary symptoms. This study aimed at comparing intimacy, perceived social support and sexual function in women who experience high and low menopause symptoms.
The present study was conducted by using a causal-comparative research design. For this purpose, 150 participants of the menopausal women living in Ardabil in 2022 were recruited using a convenience sampling method. Participants whose score was one standard deviation higher and lower than the average of menopausal symptoms severity questionnaire were selected as the group with high and low severity of menopausal symptoms.  They had referred to health centers and answered the Intimacy scale, Multidimensional Social Perception, Women Sexual Function (FSFI) and Severity of Menopausal Symptoms Questionnaires. Data were analyzed by Multivariate analysis of Variance and SPSS version 23 and a two tailed 5% level of significance.
Findings revealed that women experiencing high and low signs of menopause have a significant difference in intimacy, perceived support and sexual function (p<0.05). According to results, it seems that the quality of marital relationships and interactions of menopausal women is one of the factors affecting the experience of menopausal symptoms (p<0.05).
It can be concluded that women who experienced fewer menopausal symptoms, had better intimate relationships, more perceived social support, and better sexual function. Furthermore, more intimate relationships, higher perceived support, and better sexual function may be associated with less menopausal symptoms.

The present study was conducted with the objective of investigating the role of attachment style, sexual satisfaction and narcissism in marital infidelity of social network.

The research method was descriptive-correlational. Sample size included all couples aged 18-50, lived in Ardabil province which were using social networks in 2019. The sample size according to convenience sampling method was considered 200 people. Data collection were based on infidelity in social networks, sexual satisfaction, adult attachment style, and narcissistic questionnaires.

The results showed a significant positive relationship between attachment style, sexual satisfaction and narcissism with marital infidelity. The results in multivariate regression in Table 3 shows the formative predictor variables could predict social network user`s infidelity (p<0.05). Also squared multiple correlation indicates that predictors could predict 27% of infidelity changes.Standardized regression coefficients for anxious attachment style (p<0.01), avoidant attachment style (p<0.01), sexual satisfaction (p<0.05),significantly and positively predict marital infidelity of network users.

The present research identifies the role of personality characteristics and attachment styles in marital infidelity of social networking users and their importance in predicting this problem.The importance of attachment styles and sexual satisfaction in the intimate relationships of adults and especially the marital infidelity of users was explained.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of computerized cognitive rehabilitation on visual and auditory attention and response control in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. This study was a pre-test-post-test experimental research with control group comparison. The IVA-2 test was used for evaluation. The statistical population included all children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder between the ages of 6 and 12 who had referred to a mental occupational therapy and speech therapy center for children in Arak city. 32 available children with ADHD were selected and randomly allocated into the experimental and control groups. In addition to routine treatments, the experimental group received a total of 21 sessions of computerized cognitive rehabilitation program in half-hour sessions 3 times a week for 7 weeks. To analyze the data, multivariate analysis of covariance was used in spss-24 software. Data analysis indicated a statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores in the two experimental and control groups. The research findings showed that computerized cognitive rehabilitation was effective on the attention and control of visual and auditory responses of children with ADHD (p<0.01).

Mental health can decrease or increase under the influence of various factors. Among these factors are organizational intelligence and religiosity. Organizational intelligence is the capacity of organizations to create and use knowledge in order to adapt to the environment. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of organizational intelligence and religiosity in working with the general health of military personnel. The descriptive research method was correlation type. The statistical population of the present study included the military personnel of Ardabil city in 2019-2020, and 120 military personnel were selected as a sample using available sampling method. Goldenberg and Hiller's mental health questionnaire (1972), Karl Albrecht's organizational intelligence questionnaire (2004) and religiosity scale in Lin et al.'s work (2008) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed through Pearson's correlation coefficient test and multiple regression in SPSS software version 18.The findings showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between organizational intelligence and religiosity at work with the general health of military employees. Also, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that the general health of employees can be predicted based on the variables of organizational intelligence (P < 0.05, β = 0.062) and religiosity at work (P < 0.05, β = 0.147). . Therefore, it can be concluded that organizational intelligence and religiosity at work play a significant role in predicting the general health of military employees, and it is necessary for military managers and officials to pay special attention to this issue.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on treatment motivation and self-criticism in substance-dependent individuals.

This research was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included substance-dependent individuals referring to the Medium-Term Residential Recovery Center in the city of Astara in the first quarter of 2020. Among them, 20 people were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 10) and control (n = 10) groups. The research measurement instruments were the stages of change readiness and treatment eagerness scale and the levels of self-criticism scale. To analyze the data, the descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of covariance were used.

Based on the results obtained from the differences between the experimental and control groups in pre-test and post-test, the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on treatment motivation and self-criticism in substance-dependent individuals was confirmed. In other words, the results showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy increased treatment motivation and decreased self-criticism in the experimental group.

According to the results of the study, it is recommended to professionals active in the field of addiction treatment to use the protocol of mindfulness-based cognition therapy as a psychological adjunctive therapy to increase treatment motivation and also to reduce self-criticism in substance-dependent individuals.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of group play therapy on emotional literacy, social adjustment and aggressive behavior of aggressive primary school students.

The current research is a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population includes all aggressive elementary school students in Ardabil city, and 00 of these students were selected by the available sampling method and replaced in two experimental and control groups. Both groups answered emotional literacy, California social adjustment, and children's aggression questionnaires before and after the intervention. The experimental group participated in 9 group play therapy sessions and the control group did not receive any intervention.

According to the findings obtained by using the statistical method of multivariate analysis of variance, group play therapy has lead to the reduction of aggression and, on the other hand, has increased social adaptation and emotional literacy in students.

The results showed that group play therapy is an effective method in improving emotional literacy and social compatibility of aggressive students.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cyberspace literacy training on the victimization of cyber bullying, self-control and critical thinking in high school students in 2019-2020. The present study was an experimental design with pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population included all third grade high school students in Ardabil, from which 30 students were selected by available sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Prior to cyberspace literacy training, both experimental and control groups answered the CBVEQ, the 13-item Tanji, self-control questionnaire, and the Ritex Critical Thinking Questionnaire. Then, the experimental group was trained in 8 cyberspace literacy program, but the control group was not receiving any intervention. After the training program, two groups respondent all questionnaires. The results of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) showed that cyberspace literacy training had improved cyber victimization and self-control (p <0.05), but cyberspace literacy training program had a significant effect on students' critical thinking in the experimental group. did not show. Findings show that cyberspace literacy training can reduce the destructive consequences of this network by increasing users' awareness about this phenomenon.

Marital status is a general assessment of the quality of a marital relationship, i.e. a person's current romantic (satisfaction) or non-romantic (unsatisfactory) relationship and couples' aggression towards each other is one of the negative behaviors that play a role in marital dissatisfaction. The purpose of this study was the role of sensitivity to victimization, hostile attribution and anger rumination in predicting marital status. This research was a descriptive-correlational study. The population included people aged 20 to 50 years living in Ardabil city, 150 samples were selected and studied by convenience sampling method and completed the Justice Sensitivity Inventory (JSA, victim sensitivity sub-scale), Hostile Attributional Bias Questionnaire (SIP-HBQ), Anger Rumination Scale (ARS) and Golomboc-Rast Marital Status Questionnaire (GRIMS). Pearson correlation analysis and multivariate regression were used to analyze the data. The results of Pearson correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between sensitivity to victimization, hostile of attribution bias, anger rumination with marital problems (P <0.001). Also, the results of regression analysis showed that the sensitivity to victimization, hostile attribution bias and anger rumination significantly predicts marital problems. Also, the results of regression analysis showed that the sensitivity to victimization, hostile attribution bias and anger rumination significantly predicts marital problems. Also, the results of regression analysis showed that the sensitivity to victimization, hostile attribution bias and anger rumination significantly predicts marital problems.s Also, the results of regression analysis showed that the sensitivity to victimization, hostile attribution bias and anger rumination significantly predicts marital problems.. Also, the results of regression analysis showed that the sensitivity to victimization, hostile attribution bias and anger rumination significantly predicts marital problems.sensitivity to victimization, hostile attribution and anger rumination as cognitive factors influencing the occurrence of aggressive behavior in the framework of social information processing theory are discussed The role of these variables in the occurrence of marital problems was investigated.

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of psychopathic personality traits and aggression in tendency to use drugs in students with conduct disorder symptoms.

The present study population was secondary high school students in the academic year 2020-2021 in Bilesvar, Ardabil, from which 240 people were selected by convenience sampling. Among them, 67 students with a standard deviation above the average on the conduct disorder scale were identified as students with symptoms of conduct disorder and were responded to questionnaires of psychopathic personality traits, aggression, and a tendency to drug use. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis.

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between psychopathic personality traits and aggression with drug use tendency in students with symptoms of conduct disorder. Behavioral and interpersonal components of psychopathic personality traits and aggression were significantly predicted 27% of the variance of drug use tendency in the adolescents.

Based on the results of this study, the tendency of students to use drugs with symptoms of conduct disorder can be predicted based on psychopathic personality traits and the degree of aggression.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of personality characteristics and loneliness in prediction of nomophobia among university students. The method of this research was applied, descriptive and cross-sectional analysis. The statistical population of this study included all of students of Payam-e-Noor University in Zanjan City, in 1396-97 academic year. The sample was comprised of 373 participants selected using the random sampling method (117 male participants and 256 female participants. To achieve the research objectives, the Five Neo Factors (NEO-FFI) questionnaire, the Loneliness Questionnaire (SELSA), and Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMPQ) were used. The collected data were analyzed using regression analyses. The results showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, loneliness, and nomophobia (p<%1); however, the relationship between openness and nomophobia was not significant. Also, the results indicated that 15 percent of total variance of nomophobia in the use of mobile phones was predicted by loneliness and personality characteristics, meaning that loneliness and personality traits seemed to increase nomophobia symptoms in students.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of creativity skill training on increasing creativity, critical thinking, and social skills in female elementary Sixth Grade StudentsinTehran (2018-2019).A experimental design with pretest-posttest and control group was conducted in a sample of 40 students using a simple random sampling method. Before training creativity skills, both groups in the pretest responded to three questionnaires: Abedi's creativity (1994), tendency to predictive thinking of Rickets (2003) and social skills of Indarbitzens and Foster (1992). The results of Multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) showed that training creativity skills increased the creativity of students (p <0.05), but did not show any significant effects on critical thinking and social skills of students in experimental group(p >0.05).  The results indicate that creativity skills training improved creativity in the study group, but improving critical thinking and social skills requires the use of more and more specialized training, also, given that in the present study more than 40 samples and used in a short period of time, so generalization of the results of the present study should be done with caution.

Leukemia is one of the most common cancers, with high prevalence and has many psychological and social consequences for the patient and various factors contribute to its formation and exacerbation. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the personality profile, tolerance for ambiguity and religious coping in patients with leukemia and healthy people.

The method of this study was casual-comparison. The statistical population included all patients with leukemia who were admitted to Valiasr, Shams, Shahriar and Shahid Ghazi hospitals in Tabriz. The sample consisted of two groups of 50 patients and their caregivers who were selected by available sampling method. In terms of age, sex and educational levels, they were matched together. Neo-PI (Mccrae and costa, 1985), tolerance for ambiguity (McLin, 1993) and religious coping (Pargament, 2000) scales were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).

The results of data analysis showed that there is a significant difference between personality profile, tolerance of ambiguity and religious coping among people with leukemia and healthy people.The results showed that patients with leukemia had higher scores than healthy people in neuroticism,lower tolerance for ambiguity, negativere ligious coping, and also healthy subjects in the variables of extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, conscientiousness, Positive religious coping scores and high tolerance for ambiguity were higher than those with leukemia (P<0/01).

According to the results of the present research, it can be concluded that some personality traits and adaptive and maladaptive religious copings can affect the symptoms of the disease and its effective coping and help clinicians to develop therapeutic interventions to helpt these patients more effectively

Schizophrenia is one of the most disabling mental disorders, in which important functional activities such as independent life, production, and occupational activities, and social interactions of affected patients are damaged. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of "Open the Doors" program education on meta-cognitive beliefs, self-care activities, and activities of everyday life in patients with schizophrenia.

This semi-experimental study was conducted using a pretest-posttest. The statistical population of the research included all patients with schizophrenia hospitalized in Rehabilitation Centers in Maragheh; among which 30 ones were selected using the available selection method. The patients were randomly categorized in experimental and control groups. Both groups completed Barthel Activities of daily living index, Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, and Wales’s meta-cognitive beliefs questionnaire in two stages of pre-test and post-test. Patients with schizophrenia in the experimental group received "Open the Doors" program education for 3 months and patients in the control group received daily rehabilitation programs during this time.

Findings showed that the "Open the Doors" program, instrumental activities, and self-care activities of patients in the experimental group were significantly improved following the intervention; however, this program didn’t have any significant effect on the meta-cognitive beliefs of the experimental group.

"Open the Doors" program education improved the skills of everyday life of patients with schizophrenia and prepares them for living with family members.

Today, due to the widespread use of the internet, the phenomenon of internet addiction and factors affecting its emergence have attracted the attention of researchers. The purpose of this research was to compare the cognitive impairments, impulsivity and borderline personality symptoms in internet-addicted and non-addicted users. In this causal-comparative study, 300 students were selected through random sampling from among students of Islamic Azad University of Ardabil during the academic year of 1393-1394 who responded to the Online Questionnaire. One-hundred-twenty subjects whose internet addiction scores were one standard deviation lower than or higher than the average were selected as addicted and non-addicted internet users and responded to impulsivity questionnaire, borderline personality scale and cognitive failures questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Findings indicate that internet-addicted users compared to non-addicted users had higher levels of cognitive impairment, impulsivity and borderline personality symptoms. Because of the harmful consequences of internet addiction, researchers believed that identifying factors that predispose a person to addiction to the Internet could be used to prevent damage to users through preventive programs and intervention.

Personality disorders are specified according to defects in individual performance and pathological characteristics. The objective of this research was comparison of brain-behavioral systems and alexithymia in people with and without borderline and narcissistic personality traits.
The method of this study was causal-comparison. The population of research was all girls and boys students of Tabriz University in 2015, of this community, 250 people were selected via convenience sampling method and responded the SCID-II Structured Clinical Interview. 60 students who had the traits of narcissistic and borderline personality and 30 students without traits of narcissistic and borderline personality traits was selected and completed Jackson brain-behavioral systems and alexithymia questionnaires. Data was analyzed with multivariate analysis of variance and Bonferroni test.
Findings showed that two groups with borderline and narcissistic personality traits compared with the normal group are deficient in identifying and describing feelings. Also, focusing on external experiences was more in group with borderline personality traits as compared to normal subjects and group with narcissistic personality traits. Groups with borderline and narcissistic personality traits had higher level of behavioral activation system than normal subjects. Normal groups had higher level of flight system activity than subjects with borderline and narcissistic personality traits.
According to brain-behavioral systems function and alexithymia in subjects, before formation and consolidation of pathologic personality traits, these pathologic characteristics can be oriented and modified.

The run away from home in girls has a various causes. The purpose of this study is comparison brain-behavioral systems, resiliency and problem solving in run away and normal girls.
The method of study was causal-comparison. The population was all run away’s girls who were kept in Gilan Welfare Centers. From among these girls, 40 were selected by accessible sampling. 40 normal subjects were among girls in public high schools city Talesh was randomly selected. Both groups completed the Inventory of Carver-White brain-behavioral systems, Connor- Davidson, Resiliency scale and Social Problem-Solving Inventory–Revised. Data analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).
The results showed, behavioral activation system in run away girls more active than normal girls and behavioral inhibition system in run away girls are weaker than run away girls. The run away compared to normal girls use most of the style of negative problem orientation impulsivity carelessness and avoidance and, positive problem orientation style and rational problem solving style less benefit. Also run away girls compared to normal girls have lower scores in resiliency.
identification the effective factors in run away in girls could identify girls at risk for running away and individual and family-level training offered to them thereby prevent personal and social consequences of run away. :

Leukemia is a type of cancer of the blood and bone marrow that is the most common cause of cancer in children. Parents of hospitalized children with cancer will experience serious psychological problems. This research was done to compare parent’s anxiety and post-traumatic stress symptoms and mental adjustment in children hospitalized with and without cancer.
The method of study was causal-comparison. The population was hospitalized children with leukemia in Baghiatollah and Mofid hospitals and their mothers. In addition to children without cancer, children who were hospitalized in emergency unit were also studied. In these populations, 30 children with cancer and 30 children without cancer and their mothers were selected with available sampling. The mothers of two groups of children responded the State-trait anxiety questionnaire, Impact of Event Scale – Revised and the post hospital behavior questionnaire. Data was analyzed with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).
Findings indicate that mothers of children with cancer as compared to mothers of children without cancer had higher levels of post-traumatic stress symptoms. Also, mental adjustment of children with cancer was less than children without cancer. The mothers of the two groups in state-trait anxiety had not a significant difference.
The early identification of parents at risk for post-traumatic stress symptoms suggests that pediatric health care providers in the hospital should ask parents and their children about these symptoms and when these symptoms exist, necessary social-psychological interventions provide for them.

Research evidence show that specific parenting styles are as risk factors in evolution of maladaptive perfectionism in students. On the other hand, perfectionism is affected by biological motivational personality systems. This study investigated the role of behavioral-brain systems and perceived parenting styles in Students’ perfectionism. The method of study was causal-comparison that performed on 180 subjects selected with multi stage random cluster sampling among Payam Nour University’ students. Subjects were responded the Behavioral Activation and Behavioral Inhibition System, parenting style questionnaire and multidimensional perfectionism scale. Data were analyzed with regression analysis and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Findings indicate that children of authoritative parents had higher levels of self-oriented perfectionism than those of authoritarian parents. Children of authoritarian parents had higher levels of other and socially prescribed perfectionism than those of authoritative parents. Also, behavioral activation system (BAS) predicted self-oriented perfectionism and behavioral inhibition system (BIS) in first step and BAS in next step predicted socially prescribed perfectionism. Findings indicate the importance of investigating broad models that include both personality and family factors as predictors of perfectionism. The present findings could be used to develop effective prevention and therapeutic strategies for children who are at-risk for or who demonstrate maladaptive perfectionism.

Sexual functioning is an important part of the marital life. Sexual satisfaction has strong relationship with general marital satisfaction and most of marital problems and divorces cused with sexual dissatisfaction. The objective of this qualitative study was to examination obstacle of sexual satisfaction in couples. This research used qualitative study and content analysis method. 33 married people and psychologists of counseling center of Ardebil through purposely-selected sampling method were selected. Participants interviewed with depth semistructured interviews. Interwiews were taped and analysis of the transcripts was guided by qualitative content analysis. Four main categories of obstacles of sexual satisfaction were found. Lack of sexual education courses, Sexual dysfunction, mental and physical diseases, incorrect religious beliefs and cultural factors categories were emerged. Lack of sexual education courses was an important category in sexual dissatisfaction. Lack of enough information about sexual response process, mental disorder and physical problems, sexual disorder, cultural and religious factor caused sexual dissatisfaction. Sexual skills education with focus to remove of these barriers would increase their sexual satisfaction.

This research is to examine the role of identity styles and emotion regulation on mental health in university students. So, structural equation modeling techniques were used in this study. This research was a correlation descriptive study that performed on 250 subjects selected among Mohaghegh Ardebili University’ students based on multi-stage cluster sampling. Participants answered the identity styles questionnaire, cognitive emotion regulation strategies scale and Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scale (DASS). Data was analyzed with Pearson correlation and path analysis by SPSS 18 and Amos 20. Results of path analysis indicated that informational identity and diffuse-avoidant style directly affected on depression and anxiety. Also, informational identity through Refocus on Planning, and diffuse-avoidant style through rumination had significant effect on depression and anxiety. Informational style had positively and directly effect on Refocus on Planning, and diffuse-avoidant style had negatively and directly effect on rumination and self-blame. Refocus on Planning, positive reappraisal and positive refocusing negatively and directly affect depression and anxiety. In addition, rumination and catastrophizing Informational style was an inverse significant predictor of depression, and diffuse-avoidant style was a significant predictor of anxiety. Also, rumination and catastrophizing positively and directly predicted depression and anxiety and other-blame indicated causal relationships with anxiety. Cognitive emotion regulation strategies and identity styles had important role on psychopathology or well-being and experience of negative emotions. Findings can be used in counseling with students and prevention of mental disorder.