h.rohani

Metabolic syndrome is associated with an increase in chronic inflammation, in which exercise training may be an effective intervention for the improvement of inflammatory markers. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise training on the inflammatory markers of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with metabolic syndrome.

In this study, the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched during June 2022 for studies addressing the effects of exercise training versus control on inflammatory factors, including IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP. The search keywords were exercise training, inflammation, and metabolic syndrome. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval were used to determine the effect size using CMA2.

Twenty-two studies including 779 subjects with metabolic syndrome were included in the meta-analysis. Exercise training significantly decreased TNF-α [-0.74 (CI: -0.24 to -1.24), p=0.003] and CRP [-0.56 (CI: -0.25 to 0.87, p=0.001); however, the effect of exercise training on the decrease of IL-6 was not significant [-0.32 (CI: 0.20 to -0.85), p=0.22].

Exercise training decreases inflammatory markers in patients with metabolic syndrome, which may be a reason for the positive effects of exercise training on improving the metabolic status and cardiovascular health in such patients.

Government action during the Covid 19 pandemic have placed many restrictions on daily life. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of social distance plan in the conditions of Corona virus on physical activity and mood state of the people of Isfahan citizens.

the present descriptive-analytical study that was conducted during the quarantine due to the prevalence of covid -19 disease. A total of 411 (131 males and 280 females) residents of Isfahan entered the study and completed the International online physical activity short form (GPAQ) questionnaire from April 1 to June 2, 2016. Also, a 16-item short evaluation questionnaire (POMS) was used to assess participantschr('39') moods. Analysis of variance with repeated measures, univariate analysis of variance and regression were used to answer the basic questions of this study.

a significant decrease was seen in the intensity and number of weekly sessions of physical activity in terms of social distance compared to the previous period (p = 0.001). 11.8% of the subjects reduced the duration of their training session due to social distance and increased it by 5%, while 83.2% of the subjects did not change the duration of their training session (p = 0.001). Correspondingly, people who did not change the number of weekly sessions of physical activity during the period of social distance compared to before (p = 0.001), had a better mood in the positive components and all in the negative components (p = 0.001).

While social distance is an essential measure to protect public health, the results revealed that it reduces the level of physical activity that may endanger physical and mental health. These observations have potentially important implications that can help with the recommendations for physical activity to maintain health during illness.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of short-term CLA supplementation on fat burning rate during exercise in obese women. The subjects of this study were 10 obese women (age 34.7±4.7 yrs, BMI 34.2±4.8 kg/m2, and weight 83.1±1.9 kg). Subjects consumed 1.5 g/day CLA for 7 days. An incremental exercise test on a treadmill was performed before and after the supplementation period to measure the maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and corresponding intensity (FATmax). Blood samples were taken before and immediately after the test for measuring the serum levels of Glycerol. Paired t-test and ANOVA with repeated measures were used to compare the means of variables. There was no significant difference in mean FATmax between before and after CLA supplementation (p=0.655). Also, no significant difference was observed in MFO between before and after CLA supplementation (p=0.133). CLA supplementation after one exercise session did not have a significant effect on plasma glycerol; However, the interactive effect of these two factors was significant and increased the glycerol levels. In general, the findings of this study showed that CLA supplementation, at least in short-term period, does not improve the fat burning rate during exercise in obese women.