hasan amiri

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of emotion regulation and time perspective therapies on high-risk behavior in adolescents. The research method was quasi-experimental design (pre-test, post-test and follow-up with control group). The statistical population of this study consisted of all male seventh to twelfth grade students in the Gilan-E-Gharb city (N=1050). The statistical sample included 51 adolescents with anxiety symptoms who were replaced in three groups of emotion regulation therapy, time perspective therapy, and control group. Both two experiments were under treatment within 8 sessions of 90 minutes. The Checklist of Risk Behaviours for Youth (CORBY, Armstrong, 2012) was used to collect data. Analysis of variance with repeated measure and Tukey and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used to analyze the data. The results showed that emotion regulation and time perspective therapies were effective in reducing the high-risk behavior (P<0.001); But, there was no meaningful difference between two therapies (P>0.05). Based on the results, emotion regulation and time perspective therapies are recommended to reduce high-risk behavior in adolescents.

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of the marital compatibility model based on the dimensions of intelligence on the emotional intelligence of compatible and incompatible couples in Kermanshah city in 2022-2023. In terms of the practical purpose and in terms of the implementation method, the present research was descriptive of the content analysis type (by reviewing the research literature in the field of marital adjustment model based on intelligence dimensions and also the opinions of experts in the field of family counseling). The statistical sample of the qualitative part was to develop a training package for compatible and incompatible couples living in Kermanshah city (10 family counseling specialists) in the year 2022-2023. In order to sample according to the purposeful sampling method, 40 compatible and incompatible couples of Kermanshah city were selected to extract the components of the marital compatibility model based on the dimensions of intelligence and to investigate the effect of independent variables, a training package approach was developed for 10 couples and for the control group. Also, 10 compatible and incompatible couples were selected and randomly placed in experimental and control groups. The results showed that the intervention of the marital compatibility model based on intelligence dimensions had a significant effect on increasing emotional intelligence and its components (P=0.001). Therefore, it can be concluded that the model of marital compatibility based on the dimensions of intelligence can be considered by psychologists and counselors in premarital counseling and family counseling.

 This study aimed to determine the pattern of relationship between sleep disorder and borderline personality disorder with post-traumatic stress disorder in nurses of Kermanshah city.

 The research method is applied in terms of purpose and survey-based in terms of implementation. The statistical population of this study includes all present and dispatched nurses to the site of the incident in Kermanshah city. The sampling method was random convenient sampling, and the sample size was determined to be 150 participants using Cochran's formula. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the participants responded to the Mississippi PTSD Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Jackson and Claridge (1991) Borderline Personality Scale.

 The results indicated that post-traumatic stress disorder has a significant positive relationship, both directly and indirectly, with borderline personality disorder thoughts and sleep disorder. Furthermore, in fitting the designed model, it was shown that the obtained GFI and AGFI indices are close to one, and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) is less than 0.08 and within an acceptable range, suggesting that the model variables are well-fitted by the data.

 Considering the findings of the present study and the importance of nurses' health on community health, the evaluation, recognition, and treatment of sleep quality and borderline personality disorder and their relationship with post-traumatic stress disorder can provide valuable guidelines for improving PTSD in nurses.

 The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of positive psychotherapy on psychological distress, cognitive preoccupation, and negative automatic thoughts in students preparing for university entrance exams.

Methods and Materials: 

This study is applied in nature and semi-experimental in terms of implementation, employing a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all female students preparing for university entrance exams in Kermanshah in 1402. From the statistical population, 40 individuals were selected using convenience sampling and were divided into two groups (one experimental group and one control group). The research instruments included the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler et al., 2003), the Negative Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (Kendall & Hollon, 1980), and the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (Rachman & Shafran, 1996). Data analysis was conducted using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).

 The results of the study indicated that the positive psychotherapy intervention method had a significant impact on the psychological distress of students preparing for university entrance exams in the post-test phase (p < 0.01). The positive psychotherapy intervention method also had a significant impact on the negative automatic thoughts of these students in the post-test phase (p < 0.01), as well as on their cognitive preoccupation (p < 0.01).

 Positive psychotherapy is effective in reducing negative automatic thoughts in students preparing for university entrance exams. Positive psychotherapy is also effective in reducing psychological distress and cognitive preoccupation in these students.

The aim of present study was investigating the impact of social problem solving training on reducing anger among adolescent students. This research was a quasi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design and follow-up with a control group. 30 teenage students were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group). The social problem solving training program D’Zurilla and Nezu(2007) was implemented in 10 one-hour sessions on the experimental group. Then, the level of anger of the participants was measured in the pre-test-post-test-follow-up phases using with multidimensional student anger questionnaire (Smith, Furlong, Bates, Laughlin, 1998). The research data was analyzed through the method of mixed repeated measure. The results showed that the average scores of the participants in anger and its subscales in the post-test stage compared to the pre-test stage in the experience of anger, positive coping and hostile attitude had a significant difference, but there was no significant difference in the destructive coping subscale. Also, there was no significant change between the post-test and follow-up scores in all the anger subscales of the students in the experimental group, which indicated the significant persistence of the changes resulting from the social problem solving training in the follow-up phase. The findings of this research showed that social problem solving training has been effective in reducing the anger of adolescent students.

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Cognitive Behavioral Hypnotherapy (CBH) in reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression among military personnel. 

Methods and Materials: 

The study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test format, including a control group. Forty-five military personnel were recruited and randomly assigned to three groups: a CBT group (n=15), a CBH group (n=15), and a control group (n=15). The interventions consisted of eight 1.5-hour sessions over eight weeks. Anxiety and depression levels were assessed using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) before and after the interventions. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) to compare post-test scores while controlling for pre-test differences. 

The results indicated that both CBT and CBH significantly reduced anxiety and depression compared to the control group. However, participants in the CBH group showed greater reductions in anxiety and depression post-intervention than those in the CBT group. All four statistical tests (Pillai’s Trace, Wilks’ Lambda, Hotelling’s Trace, and Roy’s Largest Root) confirmed the significant effect of group membership on post-test scores. The effect size was larger for CBH, suggesting that hypnotherapy provided additional benefits in reducing emotional distress. 

Both CBT and CBH were effective in reducing anxiety and depression in military personnel, with CBH showing superior outcomes. Hypnotherapy’s ability to access subconscious cognitive and emotional processes may enhance treatment efficacy, making it a valuable tool for addressing mental health issues in high-stress populations like the military.

Considering the importance of marital compatibility in the health and stability of the family system, it is essential to identify the factors affecting it. However, in the literature of this field, no study was found that developed a model of marital compatibility based on the dimensions of intelligence, and the effectiveness of the model of marital compatibility on moral intelligence has not been the focus of researchers.

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of the model of marital compatibility based on the dimensions of intelligence on the moral intelligence of compatible and incompatible couples in Kermanshah city in 2021-2022.

The research method in the first part is in terms of the practical purpose and in terms of the descriptive implementation method, content analysis type, and in the second part of the research, it is a semi-experimental type with a control group and a control group. The statistical sample of the qualitative part was to develop a training package for compatible and incompatible couples living in Kermanshah city (10 family counseling specialists) in the year 2021-2022. In order to sample according to the purposeful sampling method, 40 people from compatible and incompatible couples in Kermanshah city to extract the components of the model of marital compatibility based on the dimensions of intelligence and to investigate the effect of independent variables (the educational package approach was developed 20 people and for the control group Also, 20 compatibles and incompatible couples were selected and randomly placed in the experimental and control groups.

The findings in the qualitative section indicated that the components of moral intelligence in the educational package included honesty and truthfulness, perseverance and persistence for the right, accepting responsibility to serve others, the ability to forgive one's mistakes, and the ability to ignore the mistakes of others. The results of the quantitative part showed that the intervention of the marital compatibility model based on intelligence dimensions significantly increased moral intelligence and its components (P> 0.05).

According to the effectiveness of the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the developed protocol has the potential to be effective in improving moral intelligence and its components among couples and can be of interest to mental health professionals and family counselors. It should be included in pre-marital counseling and also to reduce inconsistency in clients.

The diagnosis of cancer causes considerable suffering and anxiety for the patient. It threatens the meaning of the patient's life, which leads to a sense of collapse, so it is necessary to meet the psychological needs of the cancer patient. Meeting the spiritual needs of cancer patients plays a role in accelerating recovery and achieving spiritual well-being. Recently, along with common physical treatments, spiritual therapy has attracted the attention of doctors, and also paying attention to spirituality in life can help to improve the mental health of cancer patients in the difficult conditions of the disease and to accept the disease as a psychological support. By the patient and to be effective in improving psychological disorders and this treatment method is recommended as an effective intervention in improving psychological problems. Many studies report religion and spirituality as complementary treatments for cancer patients. The present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of two approaches of group spirituality therapy with therapy based on acceptance and commitment to increasing the life expectancy and happiness of cancer patients in Kermanshah City. Group therapies, including spiritual therapy and therapy based on acceptance and commitment, which are part of the third wave of cognitive behavioral therapy, can have positive and significant therapeutic effects in the treatment of cancer patients. Considering the different areas of human life and the effects of religion on mental and physical health, including health and treatment, it is important because it has a prominent and indelible role in human life. Therefore, the knowledge of the effectiveness of group spirituality treatment methods can be used by experts in treating many disorders and increasing cancer patients' life expectancy and happiness. Paying attention to the research background shows that so far no research has been done in comparing the effectiveness of two approaches of group spirituality therapy with treatment based on acceptance and commitment to increasing the life expectancy and happiness of cancer patients. The lack of research findings in this field prompted researchers to compare these two treatments in terms of increasing the life expectancy and happiness of cancer patients. Therefore, how much is the effectiveness of group spirituality therapy compared to treatment based on acceptance and commitment in a group way on acceptance and commitment on increasing the life expectancy and happiness of cancer patients?

The research method was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all cancer patients referred to Taleghani Hospital in Kermanshah. The sampling method was available (with the approval of a specialist doctor undergoing chemotherapy). They were divided into three groups of 15 people, including two experimental groups and one control group. Eight 45-minute spiritual therapy sessions were given to the first experimental group and eight 45-minute training sessions based on acceptance and commitment therapy were presented to the second experimental group. Schneider et al.'s (1991) life expectancy scale and Schneider et al.'s (1991) happiness scale were used to collect data.

The results showed that spiritual therapy is effective in increasing life expectancy and happiness, and treatment based on acceptance and commitment is effective in increasing the life expectancy and happiness of cancer patients.

The main goal of this research is to find a better treatment among the existing treatments. The results of the research showed that there is a difference between the effectiveness of spiritual therapy and therapy based on acceptance and commitment to life expectancy and happiness. According to the previous interpretations, the positive effect of both treatments on the variables of life expectancy and quality of life has been proven, and there is no debate there, but according to the findings of the research and considering the native context of the province and the variety of existing religions, spiritual therapy has been able to have a greater effect. Accepting a cancer diagnosis and its treatment is often considered a psychological and spiritual transition that can lead to the restructuring of values and can reflect how patients evaluate their lives and their sense of happiness. Therefore, it is important to assess happiness in cancer patients and look for ways to promote it, that is, by providing support during treatment or encouraging the development of positive characteristics unrelated to the disease or its treatment. Religious beliefs may influence physiological responses such as sensitivity to pain. In addition, prayer may trigger a mechanism called the relaxation response, in which physiological phenomena occur when a person reaches a state of relaxation. Prayers and other rituals are often performed as a repetitive practice. Repetition of this action can cause physiological responses, for example, lowering metabolism and heart rate, causing relaxation and relaxation, and improving well-being and quality of life. Spirituality has different interpretations in every religion and nation, but what they have in common is the existence of God and adherence to moral principles - a belief that can cut through the strings of despair like a winning sword and overcome dark and painful days. Open a new door for people. Men usually respond positively to psychological treatments, especially spiritual treatments, due to their busy work schedules and unsophisticated spirits, and the younger the age, the greater the resistance and stubbornness of accepting this type of treatment among men. Is. However, it should be remembered that these strong men have learned the way and customs of spirituality in the arms of their spiritual mothers, and this spirituality has a special place in their unconscious mind, and we can stimulate emotions and remember moments. By using the principles of proximity and similarity, we have been able to achieve valuable results with a young and male group.Also, the results of the research showed that spiritual therapy has a greater effect on increasing life expectancy and happiness among cancer patients than treatment based on acceptance and commitment. Therefore, by performing psychological interventions on time, it is possible to help increase life expectancy and happiness, speed up recovery and reduce the length of hospitalization in the hospital, and ultimately reduce hospital costs in these patients, and change the view of the physical and pay more attention to the dimensions mental state in this group of patients.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease. Cancer patients often experience severe stress. Improving or reducing the stress caused by cancer in patients is also possible with different psychological approaches. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of spiritual therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on life expectancy and quality of life of cancer patients.

In this quasi-experimental study involving pre-test and post-test and follow-up by a control group conducted in 2020, we randomly selected 45 cancer patients admitted to Taleghani Hospital in Kermanshah province, which were divided into three groups: spiritual therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy and control group. After the treatment, we compared them in three groups by SPSS v20 statistical software and covariance test using Quality of Life Questionnaire, Life Expectancy Questionnaire by Schneider.

The mean age of 45 selected patients was 28±14 years (14 females of 18-49 and 31 males of 22-45). 75% of patients were single and 25% were married. A family history of cancer was observed in 14% of patients. There were no significant differences in pre-test (17.04 ±2.35) and post-test (18.19 ± 2.11) scores related to life expectancy in patients in the control group. The results of analysis of covariance showed a significant difference (at the level of p <0.01) between post-test scores in the two experimental groups compared to the control group in terms of quality of life and life expectancy.

Both types of treatments were effective on patients and increased their quality of life and life expectancy. But spiritual therapy had a greater effect on quality of life and life expectancy among cancer patients compared to acceptance and commitment therapy. Therefore, by performing timely spiritual therapy interventions, we can help increase the quality of life and life expectancy of these patients.

Background &

Marriage is a bond that binds not just two people who hope to be in love forever, but two families built on completely different foundations, traditions, value systems, and lifestyles. Therefore, it is not unusual for this encounter to lead to a host of adjustment, emotional, financial, and psychosocial problems (1). Reviewing these problems leads to marital conflicts and differences in the process of cooperation, interaction, and their daily communication (2). In general, marital conflicts occur when there is a lack of agreement and lack of compatibility between couples (3). The incompatibility of couples causes the absence of marital well-being, which also leads to feelings of anger, frustration and dissatisfaction (9).
Psychological well-being includes self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, autonomy, mastery of the environment, purposeful living, and personal growth. Couples with high psychological well-being perceive more pleasant experiences and suffer less from pleasant emotions (10). In this regard, Azarnik et al. (1400) showed that communication skills training can increase the level of marital satisfaction and lead to the reduction of marital conflicts (11).
On the other hand, communication skills are those skills through which people can engage in interpersonal interactions and the communication process; A process during which people share their information, thoughts, feelings with each other through verbal and non-verbal exchange (14).
According to the stated content, it should be kept in mind that the present research is based on this basic question: Is there a relationship between the effectiveness of life skills training and communication skills on marital conflicts, conflict resolution styles and psychological well-being of incompatible spouses?

In order to carry out this practical and quasi-experimental research, which was carried out with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group, among the incompatible couples who referred to the psychological service centers of Kermanshah in 1400, who volunteered and through an invitation to participate in this course. 45 people had registered and were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. Before and after the intervention, all the subjects completed the revised questionnaire of marital conflicts and psychological well-being. Also, the interventions of the two groups were conducted as a group for 13 sessions of 45 minutes and twice a week. Finally, the data were analyzed with SPSS-26 software and statistical tests of one-way analysis of variance, multivariate analysis of covariance and Benferoni's post hoc test.

The results of the Wilkes lambda test with the value (F(8,21)=113.113, P=0.000<0.05) indicate the impact of life skills training on marital conflicts at the 5% error level. It was also found that after controlling the effect of the pre-test, life skills training is effective on marital conflicts (F(1,28)=865.617, p<0.05) (Table 3).
Another finding showed that life skills training has an effect on the psychological well-being of couples (F(6,23)=114.234, P=0.000<0.05). Also, after controlling for the effect of the pre-test, it was found that life skills training is effective on psychological well-being. F(1,28)=534.878, p<0.05) (Table 4).
The results of the Wilkes Lambda test with the value (F(8,21)=115.310, P=0.000<0.05) indicate the effectiveness of communication skills training on marital conflicts. Also, after controlling the pre-test effect, the effectiveness of communication skills training on marital conflicts was confirmed (F(1,28)=631.731, p<0.05) (Table 5).
Another finding showed that communication skills training has an effect on the psychological well-being of couples (F(6,23)=130.589, P=0.000<0.05). And after controlling the pre-test effect, communication skills training has an effect on psychological well-being (F(1,28)=502.673, p<0.05) (Table 6).
According to table (7), by controlling the pre-test scores, the effect of the group on the post-test scores of marital conflicts is significant (F(1,42)=470.868, p<0.05). So that after the intervention, the scores of marital conflicts have decreased significantly. According to these findings, it can be said that teaching life skills and communication skills has improved marital conflicts in incompatible spouses. Also, according to the results of Benferoni's follow-up test, teaching life skills and communication skills led to a decrease in average marital conflicts in incompatible spouses. There was no significant difference between the effect of life skills training and communication skills training on marital conflicts of incompatible spouses.
According to table (8), by controlling the pre-test scores, the effect of the group on the post-test psychological well-being scores is significant (F(1,42)=417.792, p<0.05). So that after the intervention, psychological well-being scores have increased significantly. According to these findings, it can be said that teaching life skills and communication skills has improved the psychological well-being of incompatible spouses. According to the results of Benferoni's follow-up test, teaching life skills and communication skills led to an increase in average psychological well-being in incompatible spouses. There was no significant difference between the effect of life skills training and communication skills training on the psychological well-being of incompatible spouses.

The results showed that life skills training has a significant effect on psychological well-being. In reference to this finding, it is possible to refer to the study of Khenifar (2013), which showed that teaching life skills through self-awareness training, a person becomes aware of his physical, mental, emotional characteristics, and thoughts, especially his emotions in the present moment, by teaching life skills The method of decision-making, problem solving, creative thinking, critical thinking and controlling emotions, coping with stress and communication skills, teaches flexibility to a person so that he can identify and criticize different solutions in the face of challenges (36).
The results showed that communication skills training has a significant effect on marital conflicts. In explaining the effectiveness of communication skills training based on the modification of initial incompatible schemas on the reduction of marital conflicts, it can be said that since conflict is an integral part of marital relations and one of the common family problems that has attracted the attention of therapists, investigating the causes of conflicts and Also, strategies to reduce marital conflicts can have a significant effect on improving marital relations, so it can be concluded that communication skills training sessions are based on correcting incompatible schemas, learning communication skills, correcting schemas, feedback and training (39).
The results showed that communication skills training is confirmed on psychological well-being and it can be said that communication skills training has a significant effect on psychological well-being and its components. This means that proper communication increases the emotional and emotional intimacy of couples. If a couple can communicate in the right ways, they will not only have effective communication but also increase intimacy between them. On the other hand, increasing intimacy and emotional companionship of husband and wife increases their sensitivity towards each other; As a result, their emotional intercourse also increases (43).

The purpose of the present research is the relationship between the idea of God and spiritual excellence with psychological security in Kermanshah city. The current research is a correlation type in terms of practical purpose and descriptive in terms of execution. The statistical population included all the veterans of Kermanshah, which are equal to 19,616 people. In order to select the sample size using Cochran's formula and the total population size, 377 people were selected based on the stratified sampling method. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the variables of concept of God and spiritual excellence with mental security of veterans. Therefore, it can be concluded that one of the building blocks of the idea of God is spiritual exaltation, where a person renounces worldly attachments and turns from non-God to God, and this increases a person's ability to endure problems and leads to Security is for the sake of veterans.

Cosmetic surgery is one of the most common phenomena in recent decades. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among cosmetic surgery applicants are high, so exploring the procedures and variables affecting their psychological damage is essential.

This study aimed to evaluate the mediated role of early maladaptive schemas in the relationship between attachment styles and psychopathology in females applying for cosmetic surgery.

This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on the 300 females applying for cosmetic surgery in Kermanshah who were selected via simple random sampling. The collected data were analyzed using the Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS) (Collins and Read), early maladaptive schemas (Young), and the Scale of psychological disorders symptoms (SCL-90-R) (Derogatis et al.) via SPSS software version 22 and LISREL 8/8.

The study’s hypothetical model fitted the experimental data. The relationship between attachment styles and psychopathology, directly and indirectly, was significant (P < 0.05). The analysis results indicated a mediated role of early maladaptive schemas in the relationship between attachment styles and psychopathology (P < 0.05).

Attachment styles and early maladaptive schemas can effectively prevent, diagnose, and treat psychological damage and improve the psychological level of females applying for cosmetic surgery.

Facial rejuvenation and augmentation with autologous fat injection are common and effective techniques worldwide. This procedure has few complications and is usually used for soft-tissue augmentation. Although this procedure is considered safe, many patients have experienced different complications such as visual loss, stroke, or skin necrosis after these procedures. Herein, a case of embolic stroke along with blindness and facial necrosis due to facial filler injection is described. In this case, a patient developed decreased level of consciousness, left hemiparesis, and blindness that was finally diagnosed based on imaging as embolic stroke following facial autologous fat injection. The symptoms improved partially and gradually by conservative treatment and the patient was discharged with some sequels.

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral intervention and positive psychotherapy on negative mood among female cancer patients who underwent surgery. The statistical population in this research included all female cancer patients who underwent surgery at Sinai Hospital in Mashhad between April and September 1402. 200 people were purposefully selected and a negative mood questionnaire was distributed among them, and among them were female cancer patients who underwent surgery. (Breast) who received a lower score in the dysfunctional attitude questionnaire, 60 people were selected completely randomly and 20 people were divided into three groups (2 experimental groups and 1 control group). In this research, two standard demographic information questionnaires and Yang's negative mood questionnaire (1990) were used, which are based on the cognitive behavioral intervention protocols of Hoffman et al. (2013) and positive psychology Rashid and Seligman (2011). was executed Finally, the conclusion has been reached that cognitive behavioral intervention (cbt) and positive-oriented psychotherapy have an effect on reducing the negative mood of operated cancer patients; Also, the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral intervention method (CBT) and positive-oriented psychotherapy method on reducing negative mood in cancer patients who underwent surgery is different.

The family is the smallest unit of society and its health and disease are directly or indirectly involved in the health and disease of the community; but despite the importance of the family as a good environment for socializing and educating future generations, today many families suffer from traumas such as divorce, marital disputes, suicide, runaway children and other issues. They have shaken and in some cases destroyed the healthy family relationship that is necessary for the survival and strengthening of the family. The phenomenon of marital boredom is a kind of burnout and physical, emotional, and psychological exhaustion that is caused by the mismatch between expectations and reality in married life. Boredom is gradual and less sudden. In fact, love and intimacy gradually fade away and decay. At worst, boredom means the total breakdown of marital relationships. The behavioral-cognitive approach is one of the most important therapeutic approaches that has attracted the attention of psychologists. Today, the application of the behavioral-cognitive approach in couple therapy has been approved. Considering that the problem of marital boredom in couples, which is caused by annoyance, frustration, despair, and a large psychological-emotional distance between couples, is one of the main reasons for emotional divorce, and if not properly addressed and treated, It provides the ground for formal divorce of couples, so it is important to pay attention to this phenomenon and treat its destructive effects on the marital and family system. On the other hand, supervised and clinical research on emotion-oriented couple therapy and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy and their effect on conflict and boredom in couples are small, so the present study to compare the effectiveness of emotion-focused couple therapy and cognitive couple therapy- Behavior on the boredom of the couple seems necessary. Since in order to increase marital satisfaction and strengthen marital relations, it is necessary to pay attention to the cause and effect of incompatibility and as mentioned, both of these theories have completely different views on this category (incompatibility), in this study, the effectiveness of couples Emotion-oriented therapy is examined in comparison with rational-emotional-behavioral couple therapy to determine which of these two approaches is more effective in reducing boredom.

The present study is semi-experimental in terms of applied purpose and method of implementation. The research design of this study is a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all women who were referred to Azar Clinic in Kermanshah from the beginning of April 2017 to June 2017 due to marital conflicts and family conflicts to solve their problems and out of 200 patients, 30 people were randomly replaced in experimental group one (n = 10), experimental group two (n = 10) and control group (n = 10). They were selected and replaced using random sampling and random substitution. In general, the inclusion criteria in this study included those who had partial or desirable social and family commitments and mild or relative mental and physical health, and their performance in the way of adaptation and interpersonal relationships with their spouse was difficult and demanding. Eliminating marital problems and boredom, in other words, promoting mental health and increasing life satisfaction, have been intended to continue living together. Exclusion criteria were also couples with a history of severe addiction, long-term and frequent incarceration, leaving or running away from home, severe mental illness with psychiatric symptoms, extramarital sex complained of by one or more couples, or had severe physical illnesses that were medically diagnosed and were unable to maintain marital relationships, which according to the assessments that were made at the beginning of the referral were not included in the list of the statistical population of this study. In the present study, the marital boredom questionnaire was used. This scale was invented by Pines in 2003. The questionnaire has 21 items that include 3 main components of physical fatigue (eg feeling tired, lethargic, and having sleep disorders), emotional exhaustion (feeling depressed, hopeless, trapped), and mental exhaustion (such as feeling worthless, frustrated). And anger towards his wife). Also in this study, the experimental group participated in emotion-focused couple therapy sessions and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy sessions that lasted approximately two months and two sessions per week. Data were analyzed using Spss-21 statistical software.

The statistical results showed that emotion-oriented couple therapy and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy were effective in reducing marital boredom and also emotion-focused couple therapy and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy were equally effective in marital boredom (P <0.001).

In general, according to the results, it can be stated that to reduce couples' boredom, emotion-based couple therapy, and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy can be used, and couples can use these approaches to deepen their life expectancy. Emotional couple therapy is used to reduce turmoil in adult romantic relationships and to reconstruct couples' interactive patterns. During treatment, small steps are taken toward safe emotional engagement, which allows couples to reassure each other and reduce conflict. Like other studies in the field of behavioral sciences, the present study also faced limitations, including the study sample, which consisted of a couple who filed for divorce due to a severe marital dispute and went to family court counseling centers. They have referred. Due to this, the generalizability of research results to other couples who have not filed for divorce despite severe marital discord should be done with caution. Also, the participants in the study were couples who simultaneously announced their readiness to participate in the study, so caution should be exercised in generalizing the findings of this study. It is better that such interventions be performed at least on couples with a history of divorce without separation. They should also be referred. It is also suggested that the effectiveness of the approaches used in this study be compared with other approaches and follow-up should be considered in the study to evaluate the continuity of therapeutic effects over time.

Up to know, limited and contradictory results have been published about the role of prognostic values of lipid profile and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) in Parkinson’s disease (PD). The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of lipid profile and PCSK9 in patients with PD and compare it with healthy individuals.

In this case-control study, 31 individuals diagnosed with PD were compared with 31 healthy individuals. The lipid profile and PCSK9 of research participants were measured and the resulting data were analyzed using SPSS software. The P-values smaller than 0.05 were considered significant.

The mean age of participants in the PD and control group was 56.9 ± 8.8 and 53.7 ± 10.1 years, respectively (P > 0.050). 27 individuals (87.1%) in the PD group and 13 individuals (41.9%) in the control group were men. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level (84.2 ± 24.9 ml/dl vs. 105.5 ± 16.8, P < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level (45.5 ± 8.7 ml/dl vs. 51.1 ± 9.5 ml/dl, P < 0.001), and total cholesterol (155.3 ± 31.2 ml/dl vs. 192.8 ± 32.5 ml/dl, P < 0.001) were lower and triglyceride (TG) level was higher in the PD group (133.3 ± 79.3 ml/dl vs. 131.2 ± 58.6 ml/dl, P = 0.900) compared with the control group. PCSK9 level was higher in the PD group, but no significant difference was found (141.6 ± 70.0 vs. 129.7 ± 51.0 ng/ml, P = 0.500) compared to healthy subjects. Moreover, there was no relation between PCSK9 and severity of PD. 

Our findings showed that individuals with PD had lower levels of HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol compared with the control group. However, higher concentrations of PCSK9 were observed in patients with PD compared with healthy volunteers.

The present study was conducted to identify factors related to human capital management model with an entrepreneurial approach and to investigate the causal relationship between identified factors related to human capital management model with entrepreneurial approach in the National Petroleum Products Distribution Company in Qazvin region.

This research, in terms of purpose, is applied in terms of data type, mixed (qualitative-quantitative) of exploratory type. The statistical population of the study included professors, university experts and experienced staff of the National Petroleum Products Distribution Company in Qazvin. 20 people were considered as interviewees. The second group of the statistical population of this study included all the employees of the National Company for Distribution of Petroleum Products in Qazvin region with 2522 people. Using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table and initially through stratified sampling, 350 people were selected as subjects. In the qualitative part of this study, semi-structured interviews were used. In the inferential part of the research, structural equation modeling (confirmatory factor analysis) was used.

The results show that among the 157 available indicators (items), 22 components and 5 main dimensions can be identified.

The results of this study indicate that in human capital management with an entrepreneurial approach in the National Company for Distribution of Petroleum Products in Qazvin region, organizational factors with a path coefficient of 0.507 have a relatively greater impact than individual factors with a path coefficient of 0.247.

 Tramadol is a unique opioid and the most prescribed opioid worldwide. Tramadol-related overdose and death have been increased in several countries. Due to the high level of tramadol use, misuse, and overdose in Iran, and considering the cost and time spent doing laboratory tests for all patients, this study aimed to investigate the possible relationship between changes in laboratory findings of patients poisoned by tramadol and their neurological manifestations to evaluate the need for these tests.

 This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of patients with acute tramadol poisoning who were referred to the Emergency department of Sina hospital, Tabriz, Iran from March 2020 to March 2021. Lab tests taken from the patient in the emergency department were recorded. Meanwhile, the patients’ neurological symptoms were noted. And demographic information of patients was collected in a predesigned checklist and was analyzed by IBM® SPSS® 20.0 release software.

 A total of 95 patients including 76.8% male and 23.2% female with an average age of 28.26±10.57 were admitted to the emergency department. The most common symptoms of neurological impairment experienced by patients were seizure (32.6%) and decreased level of consciousness (38.8%). There was no relationship between the neurological symptoms of tramadol poisoning with neither arterial blood gas characteristics nor hematological factors (P>0.05).

 The neurological manifestations of tramadol poisoning were not related to arterial blood gas characteristics such as PH, PCO2, PO2, and HCO3−. Also, there was no relationship between hematological factors including white blood cell (WBC), red cell distribution width (RDW), platelets (Plt), sodium (Na), potassium (K) and blood sugar (BS), and neurological symptoms caused by acute tramadol poisoning. Therefore, requesting these tests during tramadol poisoning should be reconsidered.

Corona disease or Covid-19, which is a serious and unprecedented threat to life and health, started in China in December 2019 and quickly spread to all over the world. The continuous spread of this disease and serious measures to control it, including closing schools, has affected the mental health of adolescent’s students. Researches in the outbreak of covid-19 have reported the depression rate of adolescents between 25.2% and 57%. During the period of Covid-19, the prevalence of depression in the general population of Iran was between 7.9% and 42.3%. Among the depression-related variables that are more common in adolescents than in other age groups is co-rumination, which refers to excessive talking about problems and is characterized by repeating problems, speculating about problems, and focusing on negative emotions. Research in the outbreak of covid-19 showed the relationship between co-rumination and depression in people 18 years and older. Adolescents have co-rumination in all communication methods, especially face-to-face, and co-rumination leads to negative emotions in them. In addition, one of the consequences of co-rumination in adolescents is depression problems.Due to the fact that depression has increased in adolescents during the Covid-19 and its relationship with common rumination has been confirmed, therefore it is necessary to pay attention to psychological treatments to reduce depression and co-rumination in adolescents. One of the therapeutic methods is emotion regulation, which is dealing with emotions and actively looking for solutions to improve them, which leads to positive psychological results. The effects of this therapy on psychological problems, especially adolescent depression, have been confirmed. No research has been published about the effectiveness of emotion regulation therapy on co-rumination until this research was conducted. But research has shown that emotion regulation therapy has been effective on adolescents' rumination.Among the therapies that have received attention in recent years is time perspective. Time perspective is "the often non-conscious personal attitude that each of us holds towards time and the process whereby the continual flow of existence is bundled into time categories that help to give order, coherence, and meaning to our lives." Time perspective therapy is a new time-based therapy that focuses on clients' perceptions of their past, present, and future. This treatment has had a significant effect on the time balance and anxiety and social well-being of adolescents. The effectiveness of this therapy on depression and rumination has been confirmed. Therefore, the aim of the present study was the effectiveness of emotion regulation and time perspective therapies on depression and co-rumination of adolescent students in the outbreak of covid-19.This research was the quasi-experimental research (pre-test, post-test and follow-up with a control group). The statistical population of this research was made up of all male students of the second secondary level (7th to 12th grade) with depression symptoms in Gilan-E-Gharb city, Kermanshah, Iran. After the initial screening and interview with the support of school counselors, 64 adolescents ‘students had symptoms of depression and 58 of them agreed to participate in therapy sessions. 57 people were randomly replaced in three groups: emotion regulation treatment (19 people), time perspective treatment (19 people) and control group (19 people). It should be noted that adolescent students were matched in three groups based on their educational level. One remaining person was placed in the control group due to research ethics. After holding the meetings and due to the drop of the sample, 17 people were finally evaluated in each group. Data were collected using the short form of the Beck Depression and the Co-Rumination Scales. For the first experimental group, emotional regulation therapy was performed in eight sessions, and for the second experimental group, intervention based on time perspective was performed in eight sessions. Finally, the data were analyzed using the analysis of variance test with repeated measure, Tukey and Bonferroni post hoc tests.The results showed that emotion regulation therapy was effective in reducing depression and co-rumination in the post-test and follow-up, and the effectiveness of emotion regulation therapy was greater than time perspective therapy. Also, the results showed that the emotion regulation and time perspective therapies were effective in reducing co-rumination in the post-test and follow-up, and no significant difference was observed between the effectiveness of emotion regulation and time perspective therapies in reducing co-rumination.Emotion regulation therapy by providing strategies such as recognizing emotions and reappraisal of negative and positive emotions not only leads to an increase in emotional awareness, but also causes people to manage their emotions in a positive way. Therefore, adolescents who experience symptoms of depression during the period of Covid-19, by receiving the therapeutic techniques of this therapy, including emotional reappraisal, can understand the psychological symptoms, including depression, and the negative emotions related to it, including sadness, and this can reduce depression and co-rumination. The time perspective therapy is based on techniques such as checking the dimensions of the past, present and future time perspective and makes people change their negative time perspective towards the past, present and future to positive perspectives. Therefore, these techniques help depressed adolescents to change the negative past, deterministic present and negative future into positive aspects, and this causes them to evaluate the negative experiences of the past with a positive view and to evaluate their current life as well. In addition, this therapy causes adolescent students to reduce negative predictions about the future and change these predictions with positive ones. In other words, this therapy creates time balance in people, and this causes them to reduce depression and co-rumination related to it.The limitations of this research were the sample selection among adolescent boys, the two-month follow-up period, and the lack of sample screening based on the co-rumination. The results showed that emotion regulation and time perspective therapies were effective in reducing depression symptoms and co-rumination of adolescent students in the outbreak of covid-19. Therefore, psychological therapists are recommended to use emotion regulation and time perspective therapies to reduce the symptoms of depression and co-rumination in adolescents. In addition, the training of these two therapies is also suggested to school counselors; because this causes them to learn these two methods of therapy and use them in necessary cases to reduce the psychological problems of adolescent students.

The family is the smallest unit of society. People marry to start their families. The form and characteristics of the family depend on social, historical, and ecological conditions. Marriage is a couple's internal and external union as husband and wife to start a happy and eternal family based on faith in one God. Marriage is a bond that couples are expected to enjoy, but it is observed that some couples do not enjoy this bond. Therefore, considering the importance of marital adjustment in the health and stability of the family system, it is essential to identify the factors contributing to this adjustment. Thus, this research aimed to design and compile a model of marital compatibility based on intelligence dimensions in couples Living in Kermanshah City, Iran.

This research was a qualitative study with a content analysis approach conducted through group discussion and semi–structured interviews. The statistical population of this research included all family specialists, as well as all compatible and incompatible couples aged 20 to 55 years living in Kermanshah City, Iran, in 2022–2023. In the first stage, the purpose of the research was to assess educational needs. Hence, the researcher selected the people referred to the family court and counseling centers in a 3–month process and agreed to cooperate. Thus, using the snowball method, the addresses of one couple from each couple who were almost like themselves, willing to cooperate in the research, and were known as compatible couples were obtained. In this way, 20 couples were selected. Then, with their coordination, the interview time was determined, and they were informed. The sampling method at this stage was purposive. The initial evaluation was done to assess educational needs through focused group discussions and semi–structured interviews. The focused group discussion was conducted with married men and women, compatible and incompatible couples, or those with a marital history to obtain richer and deeper information. In this context, 10 group discussions and 10 interviews were conducted. The interviews were recorded with the participant's permission and transcribed verbatim for further analysis. To direct the interviews, a guide was prepared by reviewing the texts, a preliminary study, and the opinions of experts and professors in the field of family counseling and psychotherapy. The interviews were conducted with 12 open–ended questions. Next, the participants were selected in group discussions with maximum diversity in terms of education, age, and social, economic, and cultural status. It should be noted that ethical obligations were considered to protect the participants' rights. Finally, the package was compiled and designed after coding and categorizing with MAXQDA software.

Ten professors of Razi University and Islamic Azad University of Kermanshah, who were members of the Psychology and Counseling departments, participated in this research. Then, until the theoretical data saturation, semi–structured interviews were conducted with 10 experts and 40 couples, and the model of marital adjustment based on the dimensions of intelligence was designed. The results showed that the components of moral intelligence include honesty and truthfulness, perseverance and persistence for the right (standing for the right), accepting responsibility to serve others, and the ability to forgive one's and other's mistakes. Also, based on the experts' opinion, the spiritual components in the educational package of marital adjustment based on the dimensions of intelligence include the production of personal meaning in life. Finally, the main components of emotional intelligence include problem–solving, happiness, stress tolerance, emotional self–awareness, optimism, flexibility, interpersonal relationships, social responsibility, and empathy.

Different treatment methods have recently been employed to help couples improve their marital relations. In this research, the model of marital adjustment based on intelligence was examined, and based on the research findings, the developed model of marital compatibility based on intelligence can play an essential role in the marital adjustment of couples. It is necessary to help couples solve matrimonial problems and know the factors and causes affecting marital incompatibility and compatibility.

Nowadays, ceftriaxone is being used widely and its use is less compatible with the current guidelines. The aim of this study was to determine the appropriate use of ceftriaxone. The results may help to find a way to prevent its inappropriate use in the emergency department (ED).

In this observational-analytical study, the patients who were referred to EDs of two teaching hospitals from September 23, 2019, to March 19, 2020, and treated with ceftriaxone were analyzed. The appropriate use of ceftriaxone was determined based on the latest evidence-based literature.

Ceftriaxone had been prescribed properly in 156 patients (38.4%; 95% CI, 33.5-42.9%) and its use did not meet logical criteria in the remaining 250 patients (69.6%; 95% CI, 57.1-66.5%). The appropriate use of ceftriaxone was independently related to goal-directed use, level I triage, urinalysis (U/A) indicating urinary tract infection (UTI), and chest radiographic evidence of pneumonia.

Our study revealed the inappropriate use of ceftriaxone in teaching medical centers; therefore, further education seems to be necessary in this field.

Nurses play a vital role in the recognition and triage of patients with stroke and Initial assessment. We intended to evaluate the validity and usefulness of training programs in the knowledge of nurses working in the emergency department who participated in the stroke training workshop; and compare the data with those who did not, to assess the effectiveness of these workshops.

 This was a cross-sectional analytical study of all nurses working in the emergency department. An interview was conducted with nurses and they were asked several questions about demographic data of participants, signs, and symptoms of stroke and stroke types and its complications. The data was analyzed by IBM® SPSS® 20.0 release software and a Comparison between the two groups was done by crosstab t-test.

 A total of 26 participants including 53.8% male and 46.2% female with an average age of 32.62 8.68 were studied. Of these participants, 15 had a history of attending the training classes and 11 had none. There wasn’t any significant difference in the knowledge of nurses who participated in the stroke education workshop and who did not about stroke signs and their subtypes. The nurses' work experience also did not affect this matter.

 The present study showed that there should be a workshop for holding educational classes as continuous education, using different resources, updated guidelines, and evaluating the usefulness of these classes and the performance of the participants.

The aim of this study was to determine the fit of the model of structural relationship between parent-adolescent conflict with emotional dysregulation with the mediating role of loneliness in adolescents in Tehran.

The statistical population of the study included adolescents aged 13 to 18 years in Tehran. Using available sampling method, 400 people (200 female adolescents and 200 male adolescents) were selected as a sample and used the Asadi and Younesi adolescent parent conflict questionnaire (1390), Russell (1996) revised feelings of loneliness, and Graz and Romer (2004) responded to emotional dysregulation. Structural equation model was used to analyze the data.

The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between parent-adolescent conflict and emotion dysregulation (p <0.05). Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between parent-adolescent conflict with emotional dysregulation with the mediating role of loneliness (p <0.05).

Based on research findings, it can be concluded that feeling lonely with the occurrence of emotions such as depression, anxiety, fatigue can play a mediating role between parent-adolescent conflict and emotion disorder.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of couple therapy based on acceptance and commitment with cognitive-behavioral couple therapy on marital conflict and emotion regulation in married women. The research was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group and three-month follow-up period. The statistical population included all married women with marital boredom who referred to counseling centers in Rasht in 1400, which was selected by available sampling method of 60 people and were assigned to three groups of 20 people. Data collection was performed in addition to demographic information checklist with marital boredom questionnaire, marital bourgeoisie questionnaire and emotion regulation questionnaire. For the subjects of the experimental groups (both intervention programs), 12 sessions were performed, one session per week for 1 hour. In addition to descriptive statistical methods, data analysis was performed by repeated measures analysis of variance. The results showed that in the post-test stage, there was a significant difference between the total score of emotion regulation and its dimensions in the three groups (P <0.05). Also, the results showed that in the post-test stage, there is a significant difference between the score of marital conflict and its dimensions in individuals participating in intervention programs with control individuals (P <0.05). This difference was also persistent in the follow-up stage (P <0.05). Also, the results of Ben Foroni post hoc test showed that there is a significant difference in the effectiveness of the two couples therapy methods on dependent variables, so that the effect of acceptance and commitment to cognitive-behavioral method on marital conflict and emotion regulation was more beneficial.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of emotion regulation and time perspective therapies on anxiety and emotional dysregulation in adolescents during the COVID-19 outbreak. The research method was quasi-experimental design (pre-test, post-test and follow-up with control group). The statistical population of this study consisted of all male seventh to twelfth grade students in the Gilan-E-Gharb city(N=1050). The statistical sample included 51 adolescents with anxiety symptoms who were replaced in three groups of emotion regulation therapy, time perspective therapy, and control group. Each two experiments groups were under treatment, 8 sessions of 90 minutes per week. The Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Emotional Dysregulation scale were used to collect data. Analysis of variance with repeated measure and Tukey and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used to analyze the data. The results showed that emotion regulation and time perspective therapies were effective in reducing the symptoms of anxiety and emotional dysregulation. In addition, emotion regulation therapy was more effective in anxiety and emotional dysregulation than time perspective therapy. Based on the results, emotion regulation and time perspective therapies (especially emotion regulation), it is recommended to reduce psychological problems such as anxiety and emotional dysregulation in adolescents.