javadi

Creational guardianship (Wilāyat Takwīnī) is a newfound issue in the history of Shiite theology that has been formed under the influence of various factors and has undergone conceptual changes and evolutions. In order to get a clear picture of the formation and evolution of this idea throughout history, it is necessary to re-read the doctrine of creational guardianship and study the history of its formation and developments. By referring to and analyzing contemporary texts, we find that the first use of this term dates back to the 13th century, and since then we have seen the spread of this idea among contemporary Shiite thinkers. Based on the existing opinions and theories, we can find a kind of wide-ranging graded view of the idea of creational guardianship. In this view, on the one end of the spectrum there are people who have accepted the idea of ​​ creational guardianship in its "complete and comprehensive sense" (maximum approach to creational guardianship) and at the other end of the spectrum are those who "deny" creational guardianship (negative approach); but in between, there are many people who accept the creational guardianship with "certain limits and restrictions" (the moderate approach to the creational guardianship). The common factor in all definitions of creational guardianship proposed by both proponents and opponents is the creational power of (existential) intervention, apart from the scope of this power and also apart from the fact that whether the owner of the creational guardianship has an original will or he is a mediate for the Divine Will. Disagreements over this concept are also due to reasons such as the lack of an accurate semantics of the word, the vagueness of the definitions proposed for it and the uncertainty of whether the proof of its possibility can be taken as a reason for its existence or not.

Linear flux switching motors with simple passive segmented secondary, referred as Segmented Secondary Linear Flux Switching Motors (SSLFSMs), have low cost secondary and therefore are applicable to transportation systems like Maglev. However, it is shown that the SSLFSMs suffer from high thrust ripples. In this paper, minimizing SSLFSM thrust ripples besides maximizing its developed thrust are performed by considering the motor dimensions as design variables. Since the optimization of the motor is a high dimensional problem, a multi-level optimization method is employed to improve the machine performances and efficiency. According to the effects of the design variables on the optimization objectives, a sensitivity analysis is carried out to divide the design variables into two levels: mild-sensitive level and strong-sensitive level. Then, the two levels of design variables are optimized based on a mathematical model. Two different optimization methods as the Design of Experiment (DOE) and the Response Surface Method (RSM) are used in mild-sensitive level and the Genetic Algorithm (GA) is also used in strong-sensitive level. Based on FEM analysis, electromagnetic performance of the original motor and the optimal one are compared and the validity of the proposed optimization method is verified. Also, the effectiveness of the mathematical model used in thrust and thrust ripples calculations is evaluated and verified.

Regarding the water and energy crisis, improving the efficiency of thermal systems and heat recovery, along with the use of desalination process, has attracted the attention of many researchers in recent years. For this purpose, thermal desalination process and solar collectors were used in steam power plants. In this study, an integrated structure for simultaneous generation of fresh water and power has been developed using a combination of solar collectors, steam power plant for power generation, ORC cycle, and thermal multi-effect desalination cycle. The integrated structure has the capacity of producing 762.6 kg / s of fresh water, 104.1 MW of power in the rankine cycle and 306.7 MW of power in a steam power plant. In this integrated structure, the efficiency of the steam power plant is 37.24% and the total exergy efficiency is 78.54%. Exergy analysis of the integrated structure shows that the highest destruction of exergy in solar collectors and heat exchangers are equal to 45.2% and 37.27%, respectively. The economic analysis of the developed integrated structure shows that the period of return is 3.838 years, and the prime cost of the product is 0.0325 $/kWh. Moreover, the impact of various parameters on the performance of the integrated structure was investigated using sensitivity analysis.

Culture medium and nutrition are two important factors in determining the quantity and quality of greenhouse products. Accordingly, a factorial experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design on strawberry (cv. Aromas) in the greenhouse of Department of Horticulture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. The first factor was two culture media (mixture of perlite and cocopeat with equal volumetric percent, and pumice). The second factor was three concentrations of humic acid (0, 300 and 600 mg/L). The third factor was harvesting period. Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the fruits were evaluated in different harvesting periods. Results indicated that yield and qualitative characteristics of fruits were highly influenced by culture medium and humic acid. The highest average fruit yields were obtained in perlite-cocopeat medium (107 g/plant) and pumice medium (85.4 g/plant) from plants treated with 600 mg/L humic acid. The highest average fruit firmness (6 N), total soluble solids (6.19%) and soluble carbohydrate (58 mg/100 g fresh weight) were obtained in plants grown in pumice medium and fed with 600 mg/L humic acid and the highest average phenol (113 mg gallic acid/100g fresh weigth ) and vitamin C (34 mg/100 g fresh weight) were obtained from plants grown in perlite-cocopeat medium and fed with 600 mg/L humic acid. In general, and based on total measured traits, perlite-cocopeat medium, fed with 600 mg/L humic acid as fertigation method, is recommended for favorable quantitative and qualitative production of strawberry (cv. Aromas)

The earth landscape is always changing due to human activities and natural phenomena. Therefore, in order to optimize the management of the natural areas, knowledge of the trend and extent of land cover / land use changes is considered necessary, and the estimation of these changes is of great importance. Reviewing these changes through satellite images and predicting and evaluating their potential through modeling can help environmental planners and natural resource managers to make more informed decisions. In the present study, quantitative detection and evaluation of changes in vegetation was performed in the areas with combat desertification projects, Shahdad and Bam in Kerman province and Garmsar in Semnan province, during a 30-year period within 1987, 2002 and 2017. The NDVI vegetation index and land use maps were produced using the ETM + TM and OLI satellite images in the three corresponding periods for the vegetation lands/non-vegetation lands, and agricultural lands. The Kappa coefficient of 0.83 to 0.86, 0.91 to 0.92, and 0.94 to 0.95 was calculated for 1987, 2002, and 2017, respectively, and the total accuracy was between 88 % and 97 %. After providing the land use maps in different years, the monitoring of land use changes was investigated using the change detection methods. According to the trend of changes during the studied periods, our results showed that the vegetation lands in these three areas had an increasing trend, and the non-vegetation lands were turned to vegetation lands over time. Moreover, an increasing trend was found for the agricultural lands during these three periods. Finally, the cost-effectiveness of projects implemented in the studied areas was calculated and evaluated.

The Sleep quality is the psychological sensation that affects the quality of life and feeling healthy and also leads to symptoms of mental and physical illness. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on the improvement of sleep quality in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. In a quasi -experimental study with pre-test and post-test design, 30 women with generalized anxiety disorder diagnosis were selected using random sampling and were randomly devided into two experimental groups (n = 15) and control (N = 15). The intervention which consisted of 8 sessions of 90 minutes of MBCT, which was provided only to the experimental group. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 software and by covariance analysis. The results of this study showed that mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) had a significant effect on reducing the quality of sleep (F=37.55, P<0.05) in the experimental group. : Mindfulness- based cognitive therapy can improve dimensionality subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration and sleep disturbances women with GAD patients.

In order to investigate the effects of seed priming by salicylic acid (SA) and Paclobutrazol (Pa) on parsley, as a medicinal plant, under drought stress, a factorial experiment, based on completely randomized design with four replications, was performed at the Research Greenhouse and Laboratory of Department of Horticulture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. Experimental treatments included five levels of priming (seed priming by 100 and 200 mg/L concentrations of SA and 100 and 200 mg/L of Pa and control (no priming)) and three levels of drought stress (25, 50 and 100% of field capacity (FC) moisture content). Results showed that seed priming had significant effect on plant height, shoot and root dry weight, proline content, stomatal conductance and potassium content of parsley (p≤0.05). Seed priming by 100 and 200 mg/L SA increased plant dry weight by 14 and 8%, respectively, as compared to control. Seed priming by 100 and 200 mg/L Pa reduced plant dry weight by 1 and 11%, respectively, as compared to control plants. Drought stress decreased all vegetative growth traits of parsley. But, proline and soluble protein contents of leaves were increased. Maximum proline content of leaves (2.4 µg/g fresh weight) was for 25% field capacity moisture content and the lowest proline content (1.06 µg/g fresh weight) was observed for 100% field capacity moisture content. Seed priming by salicylic acid, having positive effect on growth and physiological traits, led to higher resistance against drought stress, as compared to Paclobutrazol

The various semi-distributed and distributed hydrological models have a very high potential for comprehensive water catchment simulation, but these models still need to be developed in order to get closer to the actual conditions of the catchment areas. To simulate the karstic basins using conventional hydrologic models, changes in model codes are required. The SWAT model, due to openness and freedom, has made it possible to implement and configure various conditions in the catchment area. In this research, a new model called SWAT-ML has been developed in which karst regions have different hydrological characteristics. The studied area is a karstic basin of Maharlu Lake and statistical simulation period from 1980 to 2013 for calibration and validation of surface runoff, base flow, agricultural production and actual evapotranspiration. The model was calibrated with an average of determination factor and Nash Sutcliff of 0.65, and it was found that the SWAT model has a great potential for estimating the yields of agricultural products. The developed model showed that in karstic watershed simulation, performance is better than SWAT model, and the calculated balance values by SWAT and SWAT-ML model, has a significant difference compared to hydro climatology budget.

This paper seeks to make a study on flow control in two-dimensional square cavities having obstacles on their walls. The goal of using these passive controllers is to enhance mixing in an enclosed space. Lattice Boltzmann method is used to simulate the problem. Results are presented for various Reynolds numbers, 400 ≤ 𝑅𝑒 ≤ 4000 and different arrangements of tiny-obstacles with different heights. To give a perspective on the physics of this problem, time evolution of the flow is studied at 𝑅𝑒 = 1000. Then, the flow structure is studied for different Reynolds numbers. Findings show that the interaction of the main vortex with the tiny-obstacles inserted on the wall cavity changes the flow pattern at higher Reynolds numbers totally which is of high importance for mixing, such that the main primary vortex turns into a scooplike vortex along the upper wall. Also, merging the two bottom corner vortices forms a main secondary vortex which fills the cavity. Results show that obstacles heights and the gap between the upper wall and the upper obstacle are key parameters from flow control and mixing viewpoint. Also, the number of tiny-obstacles can be considered as another tool in this regard. The spaces between the obstacles don’t have much influence on the flow behavior. Obstacles with 𝛿 ≤ 2% don’t change the flow field and can’t be considered as a flow control tool.

Jurassic deposits are discovered in the Shahreza area, southwest of Isfahan city, central Iran. They yield plant macrofossils belonging to 22 species assigned to 17 genera of various orders such as Equisetales, Filicales, Bennettitales, Cycadales, Ginkgoales and Coniferales. According to the occurrence of Annulariopsis simpsonii, Coniopteris hymenophylloides, Cladophlebis aktashensis, Nilssonia macrophylla, and Elatides thomasii, late Early-Middle Jurassic age is suggested for this assemblage. The relative abundance of Filicales, Coniferales, and Cycadales are 50%, 27.19%, and 8.77%, respectively. Although Iran was located in a humid and warm temperate biome during the Middle Jurassic, the flora of Shahreza area indicates that it occurred at various environments: upland, wetter/drier lowland, river and coastal with temperate and humid climate. Moreover, 16 miospore species belonging to 13 genera, and seven dinocyst species assigned to three genera were identified from the studied area. Therefore, it is concluded that Shahreza reflects a coastal plain along a shallow water environment where plant macrofossil remains and miospores were sedimented.

Controlling the gas turbine emissions has led the manufacturers to use new technologies. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are one of the major pollutants of gas turbines with natural gas as fuel. Thermal NOx is the main cause of NOx formation in gas turbines at high temperatures. So, water injection can be useful in reducing the NOx emission. In addition to NOx reduction, water injection causes an increase in carbon monoxide emission and damage to combustion chamber. Therefore, it is desirable to find the optimum amount of water injected to the combustion chamber to meet the regulations. To find the optimal water mass flow rate, we numerically investigated the combustion inside the chamber for full load and part load before and after water injection. Then, the effect of water injection at different flow rates was studied to obtain optimal water flow rate. The results showed that for the full load, the optimal water flow rate was 100% of the fuel flow rate and the upstream pressure of the feed water system was 24.45 bar. For the part load (fuel flow rate equals to 75% of the full load), the optimum water injection rate is 80% of the fuel flow rate. In this case, the pressure required for water injection is about 16.5 bar. Results also show that the change in water temperature in the range of 10-80˚C has no significant effect on NOx formation and water can be injected at the ambient temperature.

Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is a systemic autoimmune blistering disease that mostly affects skin and mucosal membranes. When the finding is primarily seen in eyes and conjunctiva, it is called ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (OCP). OCP is characterized by linear deposits of IgA, IgG, or c3 in the epithelial basement membrane zone (BMZ). Ocular involvement is devasting as progressive cicatrization can lead to blindness. In this review article, we discuss pathogenesis, ocular findings, grading, and diagnosis and treatment modalities for OCP.

This paper is based on analysis of a common source - common gate low noise transconductance amplifier (CS-CG LNTA). Conventional noise analyses equations are modified by considering to the low output impedance of the sub-micron transistors and also, parasitic gate-source capacitance. The calculated equations are more accurate than calculated equations in other works. Also, analyses show that the noise of the tail transistor, which is utilized to bias the common gate transistor, will limit noise canceling advantages. So, the common gate transistor is based on a resistor. That leads to a significant improvement in noise figure. By utilizing a Taylor series expression, a closed-form equation is obtained to calculate IIA3 for the first time. Finally, based on the calculated equation a design procedure is proposed.

Analyzing the trends and impacts of development of ophthalmic education and the growth of ophthalmologists in Iran from 1979 to 2016. This national study was supported by the Academy of Medical Sciences of Iran. The first-hand data of admitted residents and graduates were collected from the Secretariat of the Medical Specialty Education and information of the number of registered specialists from the Ministry of Health and medical education and the Medical Council of I.R. Iran. Then, the data were entered in electronic databases and analyzed. Current trends and 7 future trends, as well as their implications of ophthalmology of Iran were determined and analyzed. In the past decades, there has been a significant increase in the number of ophthalmic residents, fellows, and ophthalmologists. The percentage of graduates from Iranian universities increased from 45% in 1979 to 98% in 2016. The ophthalmologists per 100,000 population ratios increased from 1.91 in 1979 to 3 in 2016, and the number of ophthalmologists in Iran reached 2400. The absolute number of ophthalmologists and the ratio of active ophthalmologists to population have increased by 234% and 57%, respectively. The number of female ophthalmologists has increased by 600%. Since 2014, there is one active ophthalmologist per 33333 Iranian people. The development of ophthalmic specialty and fellowship training, as well as the growth in the number of ophthalmologists, especially the growth of female ophthalmologists, is significant. For the promotion of ophthalmology services based on the community needs, equity in geographic distribution, the appropriate number of specialists and fellowships to population, as well as the appropriate ratio of female to male ophthalmologists are essential.

With the intense exploitation and expansion of distributed uncontrollable energy resources along with increasing demand side participation in modern distribution power systems and networks, the Transactive energy (TE) management framework has emerged as a topic of keen interest, in particular, addressing the concept of maintaining equilibrium state of system between the local power supply and load demand. In this paper, an innovative model is devised within an optimal framework of Transactive energy management based on load responsiveness in multi-functional home Microgrids in an electricity retail market, along with the smart static bidding strategy for the production and consumption resources by using the ability of relaxation algorithm based Nikaido-Isoda functional theory. In the proposed implementation, home Microgrids which consists of variable nature distributed energy resources, energy storage systems and responsive load devices, the transfer of energy with adjacent neighbouring Microgrids and electricity retail companies, with the aim of maximizing profits and sustaining internal load demand, is studied. Furthermore, the consumers would be able to cooperate with each other using the proposed algorithm in order to minimize market clearing price while maximizing their profit by reaching to the Nash equilibrium. Based on this multi-functional method that takes into account the functional objectives of uncertainty parameters related to uncontrollable energy resources, the load demand and electricity price, the amount of delivered power and optimum price of participating players in the market, the overall profit is determined. The simulation results highlights the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm as a global system of practice which can be used to progressively engage players for active participation and simultaneously improving the profits for home-type Microgrids.

Hospital beds, human resources, and medical equipment are the costliest elements in the health system and play an essential role at the time of treatment. In this paper, different phases of the NEDA 2026 project and its methodological approach were presented and its formulation process was analysed using the Kingdon model of policymaking.

Iran Health Roadmap (NEDA 2026) project started in March 2016 and ended in March 2017. The main components of this project were hospital beds, clinical human resources, specialist personnel, capital medical equipment, laboratory facilities, emergency services, and service delivery model. Kingdon model of policymaking was used to evaluate NEDA 2026 development and implementation. In this study, all activities to accomplish each step in the Kingdon model was described.

The followings were done to accomplish the goals of each step: collecting experts’ viewpoint (problem identification and definition), systematic review of the literature, analysis of previous experiences, stakeholder analysis, economic analysis, and feasibility study (solution appropriateness analysis), three-round Delphi survey (policy survey and scrutinization), and intersectoral and interasectoral agreement (policy legislation).

In the provision of an efficient health service, various components affect each other and the desired outcome, so they need to be considered as parts of an integrated system in developing a roadmap for the health system. Thus, this study demonstrated the cooperation process at different levels of Iran’s health system to formulate a roadmap to provide the necessary resources for the health sector for the next 10 years and to ensure its feasibility using the Kingdon policy framework.

Fats and oils are important sources of nutrients and energy, as well as the food will be more acceptable by the taste created them. Frying is also highly regarded because of preparing food more attractive and tasty. Despite the widespread acceptance of fried food, they will absorb a lot of fat. In terms of dietary fat consumption and heart disease, the main cause of high weight is in people as well as product price increases, the researchers suggested many different ways to reduce oil uptake in fried foods. The use of edible coatings is a good way to solve this problem. In this study, the samples of eggplant were coated by chitosan in concentrations of zero (control), 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% containing plasticizer sorbitol and Tween 80 and were investigated for qualitative characteristics such as oil uptake, moisture, acid, acidity, and their organoleptic. The results indicates that chitosan coating cause reduction in oil obsorbtion by 6.9% in the samples with 0.5% coating, 13.2% in 1% coating and 32.7% in 1.5% coating. The results showed that the characteristics of the shape and appearance of samples coated with chitosan, in terms of general acceptance is not differ from control samples and this coatings can be easily used. The acidity was standard in range, however coating lead to the increas of the acidity, and coating caused a significant reduction in peroxide value.

Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) is an annual C4 plant that belongs to the family of Portulacaceae. The plant is drought and salt tolerant which contains high amounts of beneficial omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidant vitamins. Adaptation to both dry and saline conditions makes it a prime candidate as a vegetable in areas with dry conditions and salty soils, which are often present together where land is irrigated. Purslane seeds provide nutritional value, and have beneficial health effect on the body specially in preventing cardiovascular, cancer and hypertension (high blood pressure) diseases, because it contains omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and other nutrients such as antioxidants, tocopherols and dietary fiber.
Nitrogen is the key element in soil fertility and crop production. Attention to the soil quality and health has increased in recent years, especially for sustainable production of medicinal crops. So for production of healthy food in industrialized countries, using natural and on-farm inputs have been considered. One of the practical ways to achieve this goal is planting cover crops and green manure. Given the importance of Purslane as a medicinal plant and due to the fact that there is not detailed information about the nitrogen requirement for this plant, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of green manure and nitrogen on yield and yield components of common Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) in Birjand, Iran.
The effect of four levels of green manure including: control (No plants), Rocket Sativa (Eruca sativa L.), Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa L.), mix rocket sativa and hairy vetch (Eruca sativa Vicia villosa) and three levels of nitrogen (0, 50 and 100 kg ha-1) on Purslane was studied in a split plot design based on randomized complete blocks with 3 replications during growing season 2014-2015 at the Agricultural Research Station, College of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Iran. Each plot was 3m×4m with six planting rows. The space between rows, plots and replications were 0.4, 0.5 and 3 m, respectively. Rocket and hairy vetch were planted on November 11, 2014. Rocket and hairy vetch shoots were returned to the soil by plowing just before flowering. Planting of Purslane was conducted on April 30, 2015. The distance between rows and plants were 40 cm and 15 cm, respectively (plant density was 1,666,666.6 plants per ha). Nitrogen fertilizer as urea was applied, as half of fertilizer at sowing and early spring, half of fertilizer after the first harvest. Measured traits were spad index, plant height, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, 1000 seed weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, oil percentage, oil yield, fresh and dry stem yield, fresh and dry leaf yield, fresh and dry forage yield and leaf/stem ratio.
The results showed that the effect of green manure on any one of the traits (except oil percentage) were not significant. The use of green manure compared to the control (no plants) increased seed oil percentage. Due to the gradual releasing of nutrients from green manure and lack of synchronization between the need of the plant and availability of nutrient released by the decomposition, green manure did not affect the next crop. Effects of nitrogen on grain yield, oil percentage and oil yield were not significant. But, effects of nitrogen on all measured forage traits (with the exception of leaf/stem ratio) such as, fresh and dry stem yield, fresh and dry leaf yield, fresh and dry forage yield were significant. Increasing in nitrogen rate enhanced all measured forage traits. Interaction of green manure and nitrogen was not significant on all measured traits.
Green manure and nitrogen had not any significant effect on grain yield and quality. The response of grain and forage yield to nitrogen was different; so that nitrogen application did not change significantly grain yield, oil content and oil yield, but the highest forage yield and its components were achieved in treatments 50 and 100 kg N ha-1, respectively. Considering the cost of production and environmental problems, treatment 50 kg N ha-1 is recommended for forage production of Purslane in Birjand, Iran.

The application of using nanotechnology in food packaging is mixing nanoparticles with packaging material to prevent bacterial deterioration and loss of nutriants in order to improve the shelf life. The aim of this study is to extend the shelf life of milk by the application of the antibacterial polyethylene packaging that consists of copper nanoparticles.
Nanocomposite film consisted of copper nanoparticles was prepared by using industrial extruder for milk packaging at 4ºC. Microbial stability, pH variation, thermal stability and nanoparticle release at zero, 7 to 45 days of storing and water vapour permability for the nanocomposite were analyzed in triplicate order.
Microbial analysis indicated that the growth rate in nanocomposite consisted of copper nanoparticles decreased significantly by 38 days of storage. pH variations and acid production due to milk deterioration indicated the quality during storage. Thermal analysis of milk after 38 days of packaging in nanocopper packaging confirmed the level of deterioration during storage. The amount of copper released in milk was within permitted level (2.1ppb). SEM and TEM images indicated the presence of copper nanoparticles in polymer base and its hemogeneous distribution in polymer matrix. The application of nanoparticle in milk caused an increase in shelf life. The results showed that by increasing the concentrations of copper nanoparticles, moisture absorption of the film is decreased.
The results indicated that synthesized copper/polyethylen composite increased the shelf life of milk during storage.

The Nabar skarn is located about 35 km southwest of Kashan and within the Urumieh- Dokhtar magmatic belt and is formed along the contact between limestone of Qom formation with a probably middle to upper Miocene intermediate and basic intrusion body. The main minerals forming this skarn are garnet, clinopyroxene, epidote and accessory minerals are vesuvianite, chlorite, tremolite- actinolite, sphene, quartz and calcite. Ore minerals are pyrrhotite, pyrite with smaller amounts of chalcopyrite, sphalerite and magnetite. According to the presence of magnesium minerals like diopside and calcium minerals such as garnet, vasuvianite and epidote the type of host rock is probably calcite-dolomite. Skarn formation and mineralization in this region was occurred during three development stages. Presence of high temperature anhydrous minerals such as grossular and diopside specifies the formation of the first Stage in these rocks. Stage 2 is associated with the formation of andradite and sphene. Stage 3 is specified by replacement of anhydrous minerals at temperatures below 470 ° C by hydrous minerals such as tremolite-actinolite, epidote, chlorite and vesuvianite.

Blood pressure disease is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.
The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between Glasser's basic needs with hypertension in the middle aged peoples by mediating variable of humor.
In the present study, descriptive-correlational research design was used. The sample consisted of 204 middle aged people who referred to Bu-Ali Sina Hospital in Qazvin (92 males, and 112 females). Purposive sampling method was utilized for collecting the data. The instruments of the present study included Sahebi adjustment scale, sense of humor questionnaire and the blood pressure information questionnaire. Data was analyzed using structural equation modeling method.
Findings: The results showed that the proposed model had an acceptable fitness. In the relationship between basic needs with blood pressure and the role of mediator of humor, the direct relationship between blood pressure and the need for belonging, fun, survival, power and freedom was significant (95% confidence interval). Indirect relationship between blood pressure and the need for belonging, fun, survival and power was significant. Also, the direct relationship between humor and blood pressure was confirmed (β=- 0.55). Finally, in this model, the direct relationship between the need for belonging, survival, power and freedom with humor was confirmed (95% confidence interval).
It can be concluded that there is a meaningful relationship between humor and blood pressure. Glasser's basic needs and, consequently the humor and their uses in dealing with stresses can reduce the blood pressure in middle aged persons.

Background and Objectives Salinity and salt accumulation in the soil surface is one of the most important abiotic stresses that limit agricultural crop production in the arid and semi-arid regions of Iran. Thus, finding an alternative production technique or materials to alleviate stress condition is a research priority. One way to decrease the harmful effects of salinity is the foliar application of some chemicals such as Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) to increase plant tolerance to salinity. GABA is often accumulated in plants in response to live and non-live stresses such as drought, salinity, oxygen deficit, heat shocks and contamination of pathogens.
Materials and Methods The current study was carried out to monitor the GABA effects on tomato physiological changes under salinity stress. The plants were grown in hydroponic system and received 0 and 50 mM NaCl as control and salinity stress, respectively. GABA at three concentrations 0, 10 and 20 mM was applied as a foliar application in either control or salinity treatments. Physiological characteristics of relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), proline, total soluble protein (TSP) and enzymes activity, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and total soluble carbohydrates (TSC) were measured.
Results The results showed that salinity stress and GABA were effective on the physiological characteristics of tomato. GABA can increase the tolerance of plants to environmental stresses, including salinity stress. MSI, chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, carotenoids in salinity treatments were lower than control while TSC, proline, peroxidase and SOD increased. RWC, MSI, proline, TSC of GABA treated plant were greater than untreated in either salinity or control conditions. Also, SOD and peroxidase activity elevated in GABA treated plant under salinity stress.
Discussion GABA increased antioxidant capacity in the plant and thus might eliminate radicals and prevents the destruction of cell membrane tissue, including the chloroplast membrane. In general, the results showed that in salinity stress conditions, GABA application as a compatible osmolytes might improve the tomatoes physiological performance and alleviate salinity stress.

Today, medicinal herbs have been widely used due to antimicrobial, antioxidant properties and less harmful than of chemical compounds. Since ancient times, the medical system in different countries such as Africa, China, India and the Middle East countries, frankincense has been used as anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, analgesic and anti-proliferation in the treatment of related diseases, chronic diseases of the bowel, asthma, brain edema and other diseases. Several clinical studies that have shown their biological activity the mechanism of action of this plant, have confirmed their anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. Boswellic acids, are the main active component of frankincense and responsible for its therapeutic effects. This review was studied the therapeutic effects of frankincense using the keywords frankincense, boswellic acid, anti-inflammation, intestinal diseases, cancer, diabetes, asthma, brain tumor, fertility and memory. Frankincense with anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritis, anti-proliferative, antimicrobial and analgesic effects at the least side effects and recommended dose could reduce the symptoms of many diseases in traditional and modern medicine.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent endocrinological gynecologic disorders of reproductive aged women. Its complications contains various clinical symptoms including irregular menstruation, hirsutism, increasing risk of endometrial hyperplasia, diabetes II, neoplasia, and infertility.
This study aimed to compare the effect of two drugs metformin and calcium-D in regulating menstrual abnormalities.
This randomized single blind clinical trial was done in Kosar hospital in 2013. In this study, 60 reproductive aged women 20-40 ages with PCOS were selected according to Rotterdam criteria and randomly divided into two groups of 30 subjects. The first group was given daily a calcium-D tablet (1000 mg calcium, vitamin D 400 IU) and second group were given metformin tablet 500 mg 3 times per day for 6 months. At the end of study, ovarian sonography, change of mean interval menstrual cycles and level of blood testosterone were recorded. All data were analyzed with T-test and repeated Measures.
Findings: Mean menstrual cycle in the first and end of the study in the Ca-D and metformin groups were respectively 56.45±33.35 and 53.71±33.12 days that were not statistically significant. After treatment, the ovarian volume was decreased to 51% and 49% in the Ca-D and metformin groups respectively in sonography that there was no significant between them.
The findings demonstrated that administration of these two drugs were similar function in regulate the menstrual cycle and reduce the volume of the ovaries in women with PCOS.

Malachite green is a very effective disinfectant that usually uses for fungal invasive and parasite treatments in fish, but is very dangerous for human health. The present study evaluated the existence of Malachite green in rainbow trout and common Carp, flesh. Eight treatments which included two mean weights (0.5 and 1 kg) at the four of (Haraz, Shahrekord, north of Iran and south of Iran) with triplicates were used. The fish flesh samples were taken from under dorsal fin. Malachite green was measured by ELISA method after sample preparation. Results showed that malachite green amounts in Rainbow trout of Shahrekord samples were 0.139 – 0.391 mg/kg and 0.367 – 0.477 mg/kg for 0.5 kg fish and 0.367 – 0.477 mg/kg for 1 kg fish. These amounts in Haraz zone fish were 0.468 – 0.680 and 0.281 – 0.529 mg/kg for 0.5 and 1 kg fish, respectively. There was no significant difference in Malachite green concentrations between 0.5 and 1 kg weights in each zone, but significant difference was observed between 0.5 kg fish from Haraz and 1 kg fish form Shahrekord zone (p0.05). The Malachite green amounts in Carp North of Iran samples were 0.32-0.48 mg/kg and 0.330-0.393 mg/kg for 0.5 kg fish and 0.329-0.484 mg/kg for 1 kg fish. These amounts in south of Iran zone fish were 0.29-0.41 and 0.318-0.414 mg/kg for 0.5 and 0.298 -0.334 for 1 kg fish, respectively. There was no significant difference in malachite green concentrations between 0.5 and 1 kg weights in each zone (p>0.05).