kaveh eslami

The aim of this study was to design and validate a tool for evaluating the effectiveness of video recording feedback as a new method of teaching and learning to communicate with the patient among pharmacy students of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. To evaluate the ability and skill of students of e-learning quality, the opinions of a number of selected faculty members were used, and in order to calculate the content validity index and content validity ratio coefficient, a scale of 3 Lavochi scores was used. In order to evaluate the overall reliability of the questionnaires, the method of halving 2 on 42 selected individuals was used to check the internal consistency of the questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and to calculate the reliability coefficient of the questionnaires using Cronbach's alpha correlation coefficient. The results showed that face and content validity was appropriate for the questions of both survey questionnaires (CVR≈0.8) and the content validity index of the theory courses questionnaire was also approved (CVI = 0.789). The reliability of the questionnaire, which was calculated using Cronbach's alpha correlation coefficient of 0.89, is acceptable and indicates a high level of internal correlation as well as high repeatability of the questionnaire. According to the results obtained in the present study, the questionnaire prepared for use in the e-learning system in medical sciences has appropriate and desirable validity and reliability.

The present research was conducted in order to determine and identify the educational needs of the academic faculty members of Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, in order to plan the necessary programs for teaching professors and improving their theoretical knowledge and practical skills with the aim of improving the quality of university education.

The current study is a descriptive-analytical needs assessment study. The research population was all academic staff members of Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, and sampling was done by census method. The data collection tool includes a researcher-made questionnaire with confirmed validity and reliability, and the results were analyzed through SPSS software.

In this study, the highest priority from the professors' point of view includes: the field of research in education and health system (how to formulate and implement a research plan) 77/7%, the field of curriculum planning (lesson plan, course plan and curriculum revision) 68%, In the field of educational guidance and counseling (communication skills) it was 60/2%, professional ethics 57/2%, teaching methods and techniques 56/7%, evidence-based 56/2%, program evaluation 48% and student evaluation 43/7%.

According to the teachers' training needs for most of the studied components, it is suggested to revise and revise the training programs in this direction. And training courses to empower teachers should be held in a more practical way.

Despite the fact that knowledge enhancement workshops are held in medical sciences universities of the country, studies have shown that the status of programs and activities related to these workshops have not been evaluated. In this regard, the present study aimed to describe the experiences of faculty members from knowledge enhancement workshops held at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

This inductive qualitative study was performed based on conventional content analysis from October 2021 to May 2022. The required data were collected through 18 in-depth semi-structured and in-person interviews with 16 faculty members of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. Participants were selected by purposive sampling method and the sampling continued until data saturation. The data were analyzed in MAXQDA software (version 10) using the Braun and Clarke method.

The interviews were divided into more than 401 open codes, 31 subcategories, 14 categories, and 2 main categories (themes). The themes that emerged included "challenges and weaknesses" and "solutions to improve the workshops". The theme of challenges and weaknesses was divided into eight categories, including the topic needs assessment, appropriateness of the content, methods of holding and teaching, registration in workshops, the time of workshops, the place of workshops, evaluation methods, and instructors of workshops. Moreover, the theme of solutions was divided into six categories, namely improvement of the selection process of instructors, usage of the capable and expert selection process of instructors, improvement of the topic needs assessment methods, modification of content matters, facilitation of information channels, and improvement of the categorization evaluation system.

The main goal of knowledge enhancement workshops is to improve the abilities of professors. Therefore, paying attention to the challenges, weaknesses and providing solutions can improve the quality of these workshops and also encourage the faculty members to participate in them.

The development of medical education is one of the categories that has been considered in recent years with the expansion and increasing influence on the teaching and learning processes. In recent decades, various universities around the world have purposefully used summer schools to develop and strengthen the capabilities of students. The aim was to investigate the effect of summer school training medical education by team-based learning and gamification on knowledge, satisfaction of medical students in the country.  The target group was medical students across the country who were surveyed by census method. In this quasi-experimental one-group method, pre-test-post-test was used. delivering a blended learning course with an enriched model with a combination of theoretical education, reviewing content with Kahoot software, providing individual and group seminars, and solving daily problems on social networks and through the Skyroom platform. The comparison of pre-test and post-test showed that the training course had a positive effect on increasing students' knowledge and the satisfaction score of the training course was more than expected. The results of the present study showed that the summer school of medical education could have a positive effect on improving students' knowledge and satisfaction compared to before the course. Therefore, selective and short-term purposeful courses using new teaching methods such as game-base and team-based learning, is a good way to strengthen the abilities and meta-abilities of students, which can also be used in formal education.

Today, E-learning is an integral part of the education system, which has become a practical tool for implementing educational programs in many universities due to its many benefits and Covid 19 epidemic. The aim of this study is evaluating the quality of virtual education from the point of view of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences students. The information of this descriptive-analytical study was collected using a researcher made questionnaire with five main components including educational content, technological infrastructure, educational environment, evaluation and feedback and interaction between student and teacher based on Likert scale. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22 Software. After determining the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, it was completed by 404 students. The mean of educational content 20.75±10.29, technological infrastructure 13.50±5.89, educational environment 18.31±6.61, evaluation and feedback 26.80±6.85 and interaction between student and teacher 16.64±5.73, were reported medium, medium, medium, good and medium, respectively. The general satisfaction of students was calculated with the virtual education method in the Navid system 5.49±2.59 and the review and supervision of the Education Development Center on the quality of educational content provided 2.56±1.43. Considering the economic, educational, cultural and temporal benefits of virtual education, it is suggested that in the coming semesters and in the post crisis period, university officials and policy makers have the necessary planning for combined education.

With the advent of information technology, educational systems changed accordingly, and the need for revisiting traditional teaching methods and using new learning methods have been felt by educational system planners. Since nearly half of the time medical students spend in university is devoted to clinical education, this education is of paramount importance. Therefore, by using relevant keywords, various interventional, descriptive, and review studies on distance learning in clinical education of nursing, midwifery and operating room technology students that were conducted in English or Persian and published in the scientific databases such as science direct, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SID, Elsevier, Google Scholar, and Magiran between 2000-2020 were searched. The articles which met the inclusion criteria were selected and assessed. The findings of these articles showed that the use of different distance learning methods has a special role in improving the clinical skills of nursing, midwifery and operating room technology students. When combined with face-to-face training, e-learning can have a positive effect on promoting students' clinical skills and competence. Of course, further studies with more accurate methods are needed to improve the quality of these methods and prove their effectiveness.

Identifying the strengths and weaknesses of evaluation and quality assurance of an e-learning system can help design the systematic structure of the evaluation process in the higher education to elevate the quality of education. In view of this, this study endeavored to elaborate on the strengths and weaknesses of evaluation and quality assurance of e-learning in medical universities.

This qualitative study was conducted by conventional (inductive) content analysis method in the academic year 2020 in Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences. The population consisted of professors, director of the EDC, educational vice-chancellor/president of university. The sample size was selected using purposive sampling. Semi-structured electronic questionnaire was used to collect data and Granheim and Landman content analysis approach was used to analyze the data.

The analysis of qualitative data obtained from 153 questionnaires from 46 universities of medical sciences was done in two main areas: strength and weakness including 17 main categories and 65 sub-categories. Strength includes providing e-learning evaluation tools, Stakeholders monitoring and feedback, assessment and adaptation of virtual lesson plans with curriculum, using the system for evaluation, developing protocols and evaluation mechanisms, forming an accreditation committee, so on. Weakness includes lack of comprehensive evaluation and quality assurance protocol, lack of evaluation infrastructure in Navid system, quantification and attention to the number of contents, ambiguity in ensuring the safety of final exams, so on.

Providing standards and developing an evaluation mechanism can increase the quality of the e-learning evaluation process and make it easier to implement.

Mentoring is a learning and training process in which a qualified person with more experience (mentor) consults a person with fewer skills or less experience (mentee). The purpose of this study was to design, implement and evaluate the student mentoring program for entry Pharmacy students of academic year 2019-2020 (as mentees) and to use a website to communicate with students in order to use new methods of communication.

In this project, 2015, 2016 and 2017 entry students were used as mentors. After assessing the needs of senior students, the mentoring program was designed and after revision, mentors and mentees were introduced to each other. Considering the outbreak of Corona virus in the middle of the project, the Pharmacist Assistant website was designed as a virtual learning platform and made accessible to students for keeping the mentoring members in touch with each other.

Preliminary results of a needs assessment showed that students prefer being consulted by senior students in the times of challenge. A survey of mentees showed that all mentees were satisfied with participating in the program and recommended its implementation, and almost half of them believed that the web design was successful in educating students during the pandemic.

Due to the high satisfaction of the mentees with the mentoring program and their familiarity with the academic challenges before facing them, running mentoring programs can be very functional and helpful in Schools of Pharmacy. In the case of coronavirus pandemic, one way to prevent damage to the mentoring program and to keep the mentor and mentees in touch is to design a virtual platform such as the Pharmacist Assistant website.

In recent years, extensive roles have been recognized and valued for pharmacists as health care providers. The main question of this cross-sectional study was: How much effective do Pharm.D. students and graduates see the contents of their syllabi in providing optimal services in the pharmacy? For this purpose, the syllabi of courses of Theoretical Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy, Theoretical and Practical Pharmaceutics, and Community Pharmacist Clerkship were selected as samples. A researcher-made questionnaire with Cronbach validation coefficient of 0.768 for Pharmacology, 0.855 for Pharmacotherapy, 0.838 for Pharmaceutics and 0.903 for Clerkship was prepared. The target population included: senior PharmD students of the year 2017 and graduates with a maximum of 2 years passing after their service commitment. Census method was used for sampling, and the questionnaire was distributed among all students, and as much as possible, to graduates who were entrants of the years 2007 to 2012 from the State and Autonomous Iranian pharmacy schools via sending the electronic questionnaire link, from 22/01/2018 to 20/02/218. Data analysis was done by SPSS ver. 22, and the significance level was P-value >0.05. The results of this survey indicated that many of the content provided in these courses did not have the necessary efficiency to train a skilled pharmacist for pharmaceutical care service in pharmacies. Hence, in order to prepare qualified pharmacists capable of providing pharmaceutical care, it is imperative to modify, with assistance of experts, the way these courses are taught in the Iranian Pharm.D. educational system.

The rapid advances in technology has greatly influenced the clinical education of medical students. Using distance learning methods including e-learning, simulated learning environment, mobile learning, etc., has introduced a new educational method known as "Blended Learning". It benefits from both face-to-face and e-learning conditions. The purpose of this study is to review studies which have assessed virtual teaching in clinical education of rehabilitation fields. This narrative review was conducted, using the keywords related to virtual teaching in clinical education of rehabilitation fields. Studies published in English journals were searched in scientific databases of Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, from 2000 to 2020. The articles not consistent with the purpose of study and publications in form of case report, pilot study, or letter to editor were excluded. Out of the 227 searched articles, 25 were selected which addressed distance learning in clinical education of rehabilitation students. In this study, 25 interventional, review and descriptive studies were reviewed. The result of the articles showed the use of e-learning, mobile learning, online learning, simulated learning environment, and blended learning have positive results in improving the clinical competency of rehabilitation students. Virtual teaching as a complementary to face-to-face learning strategy can play a role in the development of clinical education. Although it is not recommended to replace traditional education with virtual learning, it seems that blended learning with a fundamental overhaul of the structure and method of learning is an effective way to improve the clinical education of rehabilitation students.

Internal evaluation of education development offices makes education system planners more aware of the existing goals, then helps them measure the achievement of the goals and plans to improve the quality accordingly. This type of assessment shows how far from the desired situation and what programs should be considered to achieve the goals and increase the quality and improvement of education. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 1400. The study population was all educational development offices of colleges and educational hospitals (12 development offices). Major activities of development offices were selected as the main performance criteria. The results showed that the overall performance of development offices was assessed at a moderate level. According to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that although some progress has been made in various aspects of the educational development offices in the university, the Development Center as a center of innovation has a very heavy mission and should be able to stimulate educational change and innovation in the university.

Serious games are the addition of game elements in order to motivate the user to participate more in the learning process. The purpose of this study is to design PharmQuiz educational game application in order to learn pharmaceutical information in the introductory internship course of pharmacy for incoming pharmacy students in2020.

After reviewing the studies, the puzzle and matching mechanisms were selected for the game. The RAD software design model was used in order to design and implement, the game application was coded in Java programming languages. The game engine is unity and MySQL and PHP languages ​​were used to implement the game database, which contains learners' scores.

A total 70 students participate in the study. The mean age of the study participants was 22 years. Average student scores show that most students have used the PharmQuiz game app repeatedly. A survey of faculty members of the Clinical Department of the School of Pharmacy showed that 100% of the members agreed that the game improves the quality of learning.

According to the positive attitude of students regarding the PharmQuiz educational game application and their welcome in using this application, it can be said that PharmQuiz game application is a useful tool to increase the motivation of students to study the introductory internship course of pharmacy and also to participate more in the educational process. This application can be used at higher levels as well as for learning pharmaceutical information in other medical sciences.

Corticosteroids are widely used in many medical problems; therefore, they are easily available in all types of pharmacies. Because of their dramatic response and different available formulations, the non-prescription use of these drugs is high, even though there are many side effects related to their use. The present study evaluates and compares the data reported by FDA, main health insurance organizations and pharmaceutical companies that distribute the corticosteroids.

This descriptive correlational, cross-sectional study was designed to assess the prevalence, distribution pattern, per capita prescription and non-prescription consumption of 11 high-consumption corticosteroids in private and public pharmacies of Khuzestan province throughout 2016.

The results indicated that the highest distribution of corticosteroids is related to private pharmacies. Among the cities of Khuzestan, the highest rate of non-prescription use of corticosteroids was in Haftkel city, and the lowest was in Andika city. Among the drugs, prednisolone 5 mg tablets and dexamethasone 5 mg tablets have the highest per capita prescription and non-prescription consumption in Khuzestan province, respectively.

According to the results of this study, the per capita consumption of corticosteroids is high, and the pharmacies seem to dispense these drugs widely. Therefore accurate recording of the distribution and dispense of corticosteroids by FDA on a monthly and annual basis is crucial. It is necessary to increase the supervision of drug companies that provide the supply of corticosteroids.

Assessment of acadimicinas' activities is needed to ensure education development. The purpose of this study was to assess Development of a measure to assess the content of course plan, PowerPoint Slides and final semester exam of academicians in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. The methode of research, qualitative and sterategy used was Grounded theory (systematic scheme). The statical population included all the scientific talents of public universities throughout the contry. For sampling, targeted sampling, theoretical and snowball were used and then 20 scientific talents were selected and participated in the semi- structured interview. Considering the results obtained from interviews, factors to attract, develop and retain scientific talent in the higher education system were identified and also three phases of open coding, axial and selective coding model in six categories were presented as causative conditions, axial phenomena, action/intraction, context, interventional conditions and outcomes of talent management system of higher education. According to the results, the establishment of a talent management system in Iran's higher education was based on individual, managerial, and dynamic adaptation factors. Furthuremore, it was constructed on the strategic focus, strategic alignment and the adoption of effective strategies for attracting, developing and maintaining. The context providing strategies included organizational factors, job-related factors and extra-organizational conditions thatin interaction with the context and interfere factors, it contained attitudinal, behavioral, and organizational implications.

Medication Therapy Management service (MTMs) has been introduced to improve cooperation among pharmacists and other healthcare professionals in the management of chronic diseases, drug therapy, and patients on polypharmacy. One part of MTMs is detection and resolution of possible drug‑related problems (DRPs). Nowadays, numerous DRPs classification systems are available, but due to some defects none of them are currently accepted and implemented universally. The purpose of this study is to design and validate a comprehensive system for classification and documentation of possible DRPs for the Iranian patients.

In this methodological study, four classification systems were studied, and their differences were reviewed, compared. Ultimately, a comprehensive documentation system was developed and tested for validity using experts’ opinions.

A comprehensive list of 53 DRPs under eight categories was developed and examined for validity. After collecting the data and validity assessment, questions with content validity ratio of <0.4 and content validity index of <70% were excluded and modified. Finally, with the exclusion and modification of eight DRPs, a modified DRPs list was created.

According to the universality and validity assessment and based on consensus of 20 experts, this DRPs list can be used to regulate the standard operation procedure of outpatient clinics in Iran, and could act toward standardization of this service.

After the Covid-19 epidemic and the problem of students attending classes, especially practical courses that are generally not available to online system which require physical presence at the school, hence the need to use new technologies for e-learning and distance learning was further considered. Therefore, in order to provide appropriate and qualified laboratory courses in medical parasitology and also to see the diagnostic slides of different parasites, we developed a mobile game-based software which enabled students to move virtually in the laboratory and view different diagnostic slides. The results showed that educational concepts, including detection of the parasite slides as well as theoretical concepts related to each can be provided to students through smartphone’ game-based software. In terms of user experience, this tool seems to be easy to use for people who are already familiar with the environment of field games and field movement, however, for people unfamiliar with how to control the space of environmental games, it seems somewhat strange and complex.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the degree of satisfaction and familiarity of undergraduate speech therapy students with clinical education in the presence of treatment team in people with cleft lip and palate. The population of this interventional Quasi Exerimental study was 29 speech therapy students. In the first group there were 17 students who spent their internship outside the cleft lip and palate clinic and without getting familiar with team work and in the second group there were 12 students who spent their internship in cleft lip and palate clinic and got familiar with team work. At the end of the course, the degree of student’s satisfaction and familiarity was examined by the researcher-made questioner. The result showed that the mean score of satisfaction and familiarity from team therapy was more in the second group and had significant difference with the first group. (p-value≤0.000). According to resent result, in order to increase student's familiarity from treatment team, increase quality and strengthen the communication and cognitive skills, it is recommended to use team attendance approach in student's clinical education.

Serious games are designed for non-entertainment purposes that teach information to the user in a competitive environment and allow players to learn new skills. The purpose of this study is to review and evaluate the initial educational game "PharmQuiz" which is designed as an educational aid tool in the introductory internship course. This game consists of matchmaking and a puzzle, includes all the topics of the introductory internship course and includes information about each drug such as generic name, brand name, dosage form, indication, category and sub-category of drug. After a surveying the professors, the game was designed and the flowcharts was completed, then game modeling and other required objects were done. After completing the modeling, the design and implementation of the game was done with Java and C # programming language, at the same time, scientific content was collected from reputable pharmacy sources and delivered to the programming group. Following the work, the game interface was designed and debugging and troubleshooting of game parts was done. Finally, the scientific content was uploaded to the game. A survey of professors and students was conducted the majority of whom agreed that the game application could be a useful tool to help learn medication information, and students wanted to continue this process in other courses. Due to the high popularity of students, the game application can continue as a new and effective method in various fields and at the university level.

Coronavirus 19, which has been reported in Wuhan, China since late 2019, has imposed restrictions on many activities, including attending universities and classrooms. To this end, e-learning has replaced face-to-face training in medical sciences in many countries, including Iran. This type of education also needs to evaluate the quality and extent of its application in the post-corona period, so we decided to conduct a study to determine the views of students as direct beneficiaries of e-learning in this regard. This descriptive-correlationalstudy was performed on all the students of the Student Committee for Education Development of Medical Universities in the academic year 1399-1399, of which a sample of 127 people were included in the census. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was used after validation and reliability. Descriptive statistical indicators were used to describe and explain closed-ended questions and the content analysis method for open-ended questions was used to analyze the data.  The sum of opinions of e-learning learners shows that the main problem of e-learning in the country's medical universities is structural problems and issues in the field of bandwidth and low Internet speed, lack of e-learning culture and lack of essential skills of professors and students in Applying this type of training. Therefore, providing empowerment platforms for people along with providing software and hardware infrastructure is important in using this method as a complementary training in medical sciences.

Among the important and necessary prerequisites for evaluating educational processes; Having a comprehensive tool with appropriate validity and reliability that the purpose of this study was Design and validation a tool for evaluating the quality of teachers' teaching, which is presented virtually in the Navid system. Research team; After analyzing the findings of the literature review, conducted 5 individual interviews with e-learning and medical education specialists and then held three group discussion sessions with experts; Developed a teacher's virtual teaching assessment tool. The opinions of 11 experts were used for content validity index and content validity ratio. To evaluate formal validity; The tool was provided to 10 professors and group managers and 5 students. Evaluators' agreement coefficient was used to evaluate the reliability of the instrument. According to the results, a questionnaire with 41 items in four sections includes; Students' evaluation of the quality of presentation of each lesson in general [with 5 items]; Students' evaluation in part [with 11 items], faculty evaluation by the department manager [with 16 items] and professor evaluation by colleagues [with 9 items] was obtained. The value of validity index for all sections of the questionnaire was calculated by averaging the questions of each section. Also, the total CVI value of the questionnaire was 0.98. Overall reliability was obtained using kappa coefficient equal to 0.8. Based on the research findings, this tool has appropriate validity and reliability and can be used to evaluate the performance of medical sciences teachers.

Medical students need proper education in drug prescription. The aim of the present study is to introduce a course that improves the students’ prescribing skills and also promotes an interprofessional collaboration between medicine and pharmacy schools.

This study was done in a skill laboratory at the pharmacotherapy department of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The course was an 18‑h interactive workshop in 3 days under the supervision of clinical pharmacists. A total of 18 medical students participated in these classes before their internship. Before and after each class, they were given tests and paired t‑test was done to compare the marks.

A total of 18 medical students participated in this study. The results showed that the knowledge of the students on pharmacotherapy, drug information, and prescribing skills has been significantly improved at the end of the course.

Using clinical pharmacists to the present pharmacotherapy course could be an effective model for medical students to obtain better prescribing skills.

The overuse and misuse of antibiotics contribute to the development of antibiotic resistance, increase the incidence of adverse drug reactions, and impose high costs on the healthcare system. In Iran, the Food and Drug Administration is responsible for the surveillance of drug consumption. The aim of the present study is to assess the distribution pattern of 10 most commonly used antibiotics from drug distribution companies to private and national health pharmacies supervised by the Food and Drug Deputy of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in 2016. The administration rate of these antibiotics was also assessed by a survey of prescriptions documented by the Social Security Organization and Health Insurance.

The distribution pattern of 10 antibiotics was obtained from pharmaceutical distribution companies. The per capita consumption of antibiotics with and without prescription was determined by the Social Security Organization and Health Insurance.

More than half of the total distributions of all antibiotics in the cities of Khuzestan Province were related to private pharmacies. Many surveyed cities had a high percent of antibiotic consumption without prescription.

The accurate recording of the distribution of antibiotics by pharmaceutical companies and the submission of monthly and annual reports to food and drug deputies are necessary. It is also necessary to increase the surveillance of pharmacies and the process of antibiotic provision.

To assess and describe the call services delivered by drug and poison information call center (DPIC) of 13‑Aban pharmacy, which is closely operated by the Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

All calls services including counseled and follow‑up calls provided by 13‑Aban DPIC to health care professionals and public were collected, documented, and evaluated in a 2 years period from July 2010 to June 2012 using the designed software. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 16.0.

Totally 110,310 calls services delivered during a 2 years period. Among healthcare professionals, pharmacists, general physicians, and nurses requested more call services respectively (P = 0.001). DPIC could detect 585 potential cases of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and 420 cases of major drug‑drug interactions (DDIs).

This study by analyzing and reporting the two-years activities of one of the major DPICs in Iran, showed that DPICs can offer drug consultation for healthcare professional and public as well as detect and prevent ADRs and DDIs, and therefore can promote patients’ health regarding drug therapy.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of e-learning and self-assessment based on peer-to-peer evaluation in “Teaching How to Use Medication Forms to Patients” for Pharmacy Students. This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 80 pharmacy students of Jundishapur University of Ahwaz in two groups (40-person test population with lecture training and 40-person test population with e-learning) in 2017-2017. First, an e-learning package was designed and developed to teach pharmacy students how to use pharmaceutical forms. One group of students received training on how to use pharmaceutical forms through lecture and the other group received electronic and developmental assessment based on peer-to-peer assessment. The result of t-test analysis with two independent samples (p

Teachers 'educational behavior is one of the most important factors influencing students' teaching and learning process and its continuous evaluation ensures improvement of the quality of teachers' performance and educational activities. This study aimed to design an Instrument for evaluation of teaching quality of teachers based on classroom-made videos. This study is a mixed method research which was conducted to design and validate an Instrument for evaluation of teaching quality of teachers at Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences from 2018 to 2019. Participants included teachers, students, and medical education professionals. After reviewing literature and relevant questionnaires and as well as receiving expert opinions, 36 questions were designed in the form of a preliminary questionnaire. In order to determine the content and face validity, the preliminary questionnaire was reviewed and approved in four sessions of group discussion by 14 specialists of medical education, health education and promotion, nursing, midwifery, health information technology and psychiatry.
Initial questions about teaching quality assessment included 36 questions. Finally, 24 questions were presented in four domains including non-verbal communication (9 questions), verbal communication (4 questions), interacting with students (6 questions) and classroom management (5 questions). At the validation stage, all 24 questions had acceptable content validity (0.7 to 1.0). The reliability of the instrument was confirmed by the Kappa coefficient (0/8). The Instrument designed to evaluate the quality of teaching based on film, has acceptable validity and reliability.