m. ali

Base plate connections are one of the most important connections in steel structures. Besides the moment capacity of the connection, the rotational stiffness is an equally critical property that is frequently used in design. Because of the low rotational stiffness of the column base-plate, column base-plate connections do not have enough rigidity to create perfect plastic hinges. Therefore, concentrically-welded anchor rods were used under the column base plate to transfer loads properly. In this paper, four different weld types were used to connect the anchor rods to the bottom of the base plate. In this new connection, the eccentricity between anchor rods and the steel column is removed to improve the strength and stiffness of the base plate connections. The aim of this paper is to design four different weld types according to the specifications of welding standards. Five laboratory samples with different anchor rod strengths were tested to evaluate strength and ductility of each weld type under tensile loading. Anchor rods were the weakest member in transferring tensile load in each sample and expected to fail at the end of the test. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method was used to provide force-displacement diagram and full field strain information of each laboratory sample. DIC is a non-contact and non-destructive technique in which digital images of the point of interest (POI) of a test specimen are captured continuously using a high-resolution camera all through the test. Fortunately, experimental results were similar to DIC results. Brittle failure was observed in the samples with high strength anchor rods at the softened heat affected zone (HAZ) in the anchor rods. As a result, all the anchor rods in each laboratory sample fractured at a tensile strength higher than yield strength of the anchor rod. Therefore, to prevent the failure of anchor rods in softened HAZ area, it is recommended to design the anchor rods of the column base connections to remain elastic under cyclic loads. It was also concluded that the fillet weld had a better performance in terms of executive and economy compared to the other welds.

Nanofluids show greater heat transfer rate and characteristics of mechanical friction diminution using nano-sized hard elements to fluid. Moreover, regarding the working of heat transfer fluid, nanofluid is widely used in areas of refrigeration, shipping, automobile, chemical industry, energy, electronics, air conditioning, computer, and many other areas to cope heat transference issues. The aforesaid utilizations motivated us to encounter entropy generation aspects for Sutterby nanofluid flow configured by permeable surface. Moreover, well-known Buongiorno's model capturing same attributes of Brownian and thermophoretic-diffusions is presented for modeling and investigation. Additionally, (MHD) as well as thermal radiation effects are the part of current work. Here, we have also considered the viscous dissipation aspects. Similarity variable are used to decrease set of nonlinear PDEs into set of ODEs then resolved numerically by using bvp4c algorithm, besides the pertinent parameters are addressed graphically. The physical aspect of fluid flow, temperature, concentration for variation of involved parameters is explained with the help of graphs. Velocity of Sutterby nano fluid has opposite behaviors versus Sutterby fluid parameter and magnetic parameters. Augmented values of Brownian moment, thermophoresis and heat source parameters intensify the temperature of nanofluid. Concentration of Sutterby nanofluid deteriorates for greater Schmidt number.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), affecting livestock and human beings, has become a global public health hazard with economic consequences.

The current study was designed to investigate the prevailing MRSA-associated subclinical mastitis and associated risk factors in dairy buffaloes. The study also highlighted the genetic variations and in silico-based proteomic differences among MRSA isolates.

Out of 516 milk samples, 45.93% (237/516) were found positive for subclinical mastitis, while the prevalence of S. aureus was recorded 56.12%. The methicillin resistance in S. aureus isolates was evaluated by oxacillin disc diffusion test and molecular identification of the mecA gene.

The results revealed a phenotypic and molecular prevalence of MRSA at 45.11% and 18.79%, respectively. The risk factor analysis revealed that among various assumed risk factors, parity, milking hygiene, milker care during milking, milk yield, housing system, and floor type were significantly associated with subclinical mastitis in buffaloes. The sequencing and phylogenetic analysis showed no significant genetic variations among study isolates and depicted a high similarity with isolates from Africa, USA, India, Italy, Turkey, and Iran. The in-silico protein analysis showed that all sequences had the same protein motifs resembling penicillin protein 2a except Buff-13, whose protein structure resembles alpha-catenin-like protein hmp-1.

The current study was the first report of the genotypic characterization and in silico protein analysis of MRSA from dairy buffaloes in Pakistan. The result highlighted the importance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and development of control strategies against MRSA infections.

Electrical power quality defines the health of power system which includes voltage and current quality, reliability of power supply and maintaining sinusoidal nature of waveform. Voltage flickers and fluctuations, poor power factor and harmonics are the most common power quality issues in steel producing plants due to Electric Arc Furnace (EAF), electrical drives and welding machines. Non-linear characteristics of EAF are the major sources of power quality issues that mainly include harmonic production and large reactive power variations. In this paper, harmonic analysis is carried out in steel plant. The measured harmonics crosses the permissible IEEE standard limit. Shunt Passive filter is designed in proposed work for reducing harmonics mainly focusing on dominant 5th and 7 th Harmonics. The performance of passive filter with EAF is simulated in MATLAB as well as CYME software. Hardware and software results are also presented in this proposed work

We use gauge-gravity duality to study the effect of corrections to the coupling constant on equilibration time in field theory for scalar operators with Delta=2,3. We will show that for larger correction in coupling constant the equilibration time enhances and this behavior is independent of the method we use to make the system out of equilibrium. Interestingly we observe that for fast energy injection the rescaled equilibration time is independent of temperature of field theory.

Kawakawa, Euthynnus affinis contributes to the tune of 35,466 tonnes forming 1% to the total marine fish landings of India. Investigations on growth and mortality were of this species carried out based on the length frequency data during 2008-2012. The length-weight relationship for the pooled samples were derived for intercept a=0.0286, slope b=2.857 and coefficient of determination r2=0.917. The values obtained for growth parameters of L∞ was 67.86 cm, for growth coefficient (K) 0.70 and for to -0.26y-1. The natural, total and fishing mortalities recorded as 0.86, 1.48 and 0.62 y-1,respectively. The exploitation ratio (F/Z) was observed as 0.42. The M/K ratio was estimated at 1.23. The average fork length of 46 cm and weight of 2024 g were estimated in the samples collected. The length at the end of 1st year to 5th year was observed to be 33, 52, 64, 70 and 75 cm, respectively. The fishing mortality derived in this study is more than the optimum and limit value indicated the sign of overexploitation.

Withania coagulans Dunal (Solanaceae) fruits are recommended to treat asthma, dyspepsia, biliousness, flatulent colic, liver complaints, intestinal infections, strangury, wounds and as diuretic, emetic and sedative agent in Indian traditional system of medicine. The objective of this study was to describe the systematic fatty acid composition of the petroleum ether extract of W. coagulans fruits.

Petroleum ether extract of W. coagulans fruits was prepared by maceration. Components of the W. coagulans petroleum ether extract were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and their concentrations were determined.

The fixed oil of W. coagulans fruits constituted of twenty nine components including unsaturated (52.36%) and saturated (22.15%) fatty acids, alkenes (5.65%), phytosterols (4.39%), fatty alcohols (4.14%), aromatic acid (3.56%), monoterpenes (3.22%), triterpenoids (1.83%) and alkanes (2.7%). Most of the saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were identified as their methyl esters.

Palmitoleic and 11-eicosenoic acids have been reported for the first time in petroleum ether extract of the W. coagulans fruits. The present study has illustrated the chemical nature of W. coagulans fruit and described its fatty acids composition.

In this study, shelf life of brined vacuum-packed (VP) Golden Mullet (Liza aurata) of Caspian Sea was assessed, considering its protein and lipid deterioration with effect of microbial population during 90 days of storage at 4ºC. Total Volatile Nitrogen (TVN) was measured to determine protein deterioration, Peroxide Value (PV) was analysed to determine lipid deterioration. Total Count (TC), Halophilic Bacterial Count (HBC) and possibility of Clostridium botulinum existence were measured to determine microbial population. TVN increased from 14.5 to 30.80 mg/100g, PV increased from 3.89 to 28.86(meqo2/kg), TC increased from  log 4.40 CFU/gr to log 5.70 CFU/gr and HBC increased from  log 4.75 CFU/gr to log 6.30 CFU/gr. Increasing in some of parameters, was found to be statistically significant in the VP brined golden mullet through out storage (P<0.05). No trace of Clostridium botulinum existence was detected during the period of storage. The results from this study clearly suggested that a combination of brining, vacuum packaging and storage at refrigerated temperature prolongs the shelf life of golden mullet. Based on data the best shelf life was found 30 days for VP brined golden mullet stored at 4ºC.