m. asadi

Step-up DC-DC converters are essential components used in a wide range of applications. Many researchers have proposed various methods to achieve high voltage gain in DC-DC converters. However, this typically involves adding multiple passive components, which increases system complexity and complicates output voltage control. Maintaining a constant output voltage at the desired value is critical in these converters despite the load, supply voltage changes, and circuit disturbance. Recently, a snubber-less high-step-up enhanced super-lift converter has been developed as a possible solution to these issues. This converter offers high gain without high voltage stress or snubber losses. A model of the converter was created using the state-space averaging technique and is presented in this paper. The control strategy proposed uses the input current in the inner loop and the output voltage in the outer loop. The paper also includes simulation and experimental results that validate the circuit analysis equations.

The Pirhajat deposit is 5 km northeast of Pirhajat, 120 km northwest of Tabas in the Pirhajat mountain range. This deposit is in the Central Iranian subcontinent and the Tabas-Poshtbadam metallogenical province in Uzbakkoh-Eshghabad section. The geological units of the region include two carbonate rock units (dolostone and dolomitic limestone) belonging to the Middle Triassic Shotori Formation and the sandstone of the Lower Jurassic Shemshak Formation. On the basis of K2O/Na2O versus SiO2/Al2O3 diagram, the sandstone unit with lith-arenite lithology is plotted in the passive continental margin area. The mineralization in this deposit is strongly controlled by tectonic processes in which the main fault is the most important, with an east-west strike-slip extension and a slope of 70-80 degrees to the south. The mineralization occurred in two hypogene stages including native lead, galena, pyrite, tetrahedrite, chalcopyrite, and sphalerite, and a supergene stage includes lead oxide minerals (plattnerite, massicot-minium), linarite, anglesite, cuprite, malachite, azurite, chrysocolla, covellite, tenorite, goethite, cerusite and gangue minerals consist of barite, quartz, calcite and dolomite. The main mineable metal that can be extracted in this deposit is lead as native lead, plattnerite (lead oxide) and to a lesser extent lead sulfide (galena). On the basis of the results of ICP-OES analysis (13 samples), lead has an average grade of 3% and the maximum silver in this deposit is 27 ppm, which shows the relatively high grade of lead and the presence of silver, that show a promising economic outlook. Also, zinc has an average grade of 372 ppm (in 13 samples). Copper also has a grade of more than 5% in some samples. On the basis of these studies and analyses,

The objective of this paper is to reveal that an analogue of Jensen's inequality holds for positive unital linear maps and matrix $s$-convex functions. We prove that the restriction to the matrix $s$-convex functions is not necessary in the case of $2 \times 2$ matrices in some sense.

Minerals are a small part of the diet, but their deficiency has major consequences for the health and reproduction of animals. Iron is not only one of the most abundant elements on Earth (it is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust), but it is also a vital component of living things and an essential nutrient for all animal species. The main source of iron for calves and other newborn ruminants is milk or milk replacer. Milk contains relatively small amounts of iron, and calves are prone to iron deficiency. In most dairy farms, iron supplements are added as an inorganic source to the diet, which can undergo oxidation and react with other substances, causing a decrease in solubility. To solve this problem, the desired elements should be added to the ration of livestock in the form of chelated supplements. Research shows that iron plays an essential role in several metabolic processes and is necessary for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the body. Dietary supplements with iron have increased hematology parameters and improved growth. In addition, the presence of iron in the diet is effective in increasing appetite and glucose metabolism. Based on this, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of chelated iron supplement containing organic acid and amino acid on the performance, skeletal growth indices, fecal score, and blood parameters of suckling calves.
36 newborn male calves (with an average weight of 35.1±2.7 kg) were randomly divided into three groups with 12 replicates. The treatments included the control group (basic diet without iron supplement), basic diet with chelated iron supplement containing organic acid, and basic diet with chelated iron supplement containing amino acid. The length of the trial period was 63 days. During the experiment, calves were kept in separate locations. The rations were based on the National Research Council (NRC) report which was published in 2001. The rations were provided by total mixed ration (TMR) in calves at 8 am and 4 pm and animals had free access to water. Milk feeding was also performed in the morning and evening (10% of body weight). Calves were weighed every 21 days. The amount of feed consumed and post-feed was recorded daily. Skeletal growth in the body was measured using a standard measuring device and caliper. Three days a week, the calves' feces were randomly evaluated. On the last day, three hours after the morning meal, calves were sampled from the veins and blood parameters were determined. Sampling was done using venoject tubes with and without heparin and the samples were immediately centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes to separate the plasma and kept at -20ºC until the day of the experiment. Glucose, urea, triglyceride, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, and globulin were determined using a Pars Test automated analyzer and kit. The measurement of mineral elements in blood serum (iron, zinc, copper, calcium, and phosphorus) was done by atomic absorption device.
The results showed that calves receiving chelated iron supplements with amino acids had an increase in the final weight, total period weight, and daily weight, and a decrease in feed conversion rate compared to the control group and treatment receiving chelated iron supplements with organic acids (P<0.05). Also, there was no significant difference in terms of dry matter and milk consumption among different treatments. There was no significant difference in terms of skeletal growth indices among different treatments. Fecal score and diarrhea status improved in both treatments receiving iron supplements (P<0.05). Consumption of iron supplements by calves in both chelated forms containing organic acids and amino acids increased blood glucose and iron and decreased blood copper and phosphorus (P<0.05). However, cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, total protein, albumin, and blood globulin were not affected.
In general, according to the results of this research, the intake of chelated iron with amino acids is recommended due to the improvement in the performance of suckling calves.

Marriage significantly influences individuals’ roles and developmental trajectories. This study investigated the effectiveness of emotion-focused group therapy on emotion regulation in divorced women, focusing on anger, positive affect, and internalized shame.

The study utilized a quasi-experimental design, incorporating a pre-test-post-test framework with follow-up assessments at one and three months, and was conducted on 20 divorced women. The samples were divided into the experimental and control groups. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA by SPSS 25 to examine changes in emotion regulation.

Significant differences were noted between the experimental and control groups in the regulation of anger and positive affect, as well as in levels of internalized shame. No notable differences were observed in depressed mood and anxiety levels.

Emotion-focused group therapy effectively enhances emotion regulation among divorced women, particularly in managing anger and internalized shame.

During the time around parturition, animals make many metabolic adjustments to support the transition from pregnancy to lactation. Before giving birth, animals are subjected to a lot of metabolic effects, to prepare the physiological conditions of the body in the time after giving birth and during lactation. In addition, dairy cattle produce milk more than their ability to consume energy, as a result, they are in a negative energy balance at the beginning of lactation, which may reduce the longevity of the cattle in the herd and increase the rate of elimination of dairy cattle. Heat stress in late pregnancy is aggravated by energy restriction. In such conditions, the use of management and nutritional methods will reduce the problems during the transfer period and heat stress. One of the ways to optimize the productive and reproductive conditions of livestock, through improving the metabolism of nutrients and eliminating or reducing stress conditions, is to use chromium as a metabolic improver. According to scientific sources, the chromium requirement for sheep is three to five mg per day, and for dairy cows is 15 to 50 mg per day. Inorganic chromium has a bioavailability of about 0.5%. Organic chromium has more than 25% intestinal absorption, and therefore, consumption of inorganic chromium is not recommended due to its low bioavailability and toxic effects. Among the sources of organic chromium, chromium-methionine has been recognized by important global food and drug organizations as a compound with high bioavailability, impressive metabolic responses, and no toxicity complications. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of using different forms of chromium around calving on feed consumption, nutrient digestibility, nutritional behavior of Afshari ewes, and the performance of their lambs under the influence of heat stress.
Forty pregnant Afshari ewes were assigned to four experimental treatments with 10 replicates from 42±5 days before the expected birth in a completely randomized design. Experimental treatments include 1) a basic diet without chromium supplementation (control), 2) a basic diet containing three mg of chromium in mineral form per kg of dry matter, 3) a basic diet containing three mg of chromium in the form of chromium-methionine per kg of dry matter, and 4) a basic diet contained three mg of chromium in the form of chromium nanoparticles per kilogram of dry matter. The length of the test period was 84 days. Weighing of ewes was done at the beginning, at the time of calving, and the end of the period. The rest of the feed is weighed every day and the daily feed consumption was calculated by deducting from the provided feed. Sampling of the rumen fluid was done on the 14th day after birth. The rumen fluid was taken before feeding in the morning (zero hour), and at three and six hours after feeding by esophageal tube, then the pH amount of rumen contents was measured and recorded immediately after extraction by a mobile digital pH meter (Metrohm laboratory pH meter-691) which was calibrated at the same place. To measure rumen liquid ammonia nitrogen, samples were used three hours after morning feeding. To measure the concentration of volatile fatty acids, five mL of rumen fluid samples were prepared and 1 mL of metaphosphoric acid 25% was added to them and kept at -20ºC until the experiment. On the 10th day after birth, blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of ewes and lambs three hours after morning feeding. To measure blood metabolites including glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, and globulin, Pars Azmoun chemical kits and auto-analyzer (Spain BT 3500) were used.
The results showed that, from the third to the sixth weeks after birth, dry matter consumption in ewes receiving chromium-methionine and chromium nanoparticles had an upward trend compared to the other two treatments (P<0.05). The addition of chromium to the diet of ewes had no significant effect on rumen pH, volatile fatty acids, and rumen ammonia nitrogen concentration. The addition of chromium supplement to the diet of ewes caused a significant decrease in the rumen protozoa population compared to the control group (P<0.05). Adding different forms of chromium to the diet of sheep caused a decrease in glucose concentration, and an increase in chromium, insulin, total protein, albumin, and serum globulin compared to the control group (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between experimental treatments on blood cholesterol, triglyceride, urea, and creatinine concentrations. Also, different forms of chromium did not have a significant effect on the blood parameters of the born lambs.
In general, the use of chromium, especially in the form of chromium-methionine and chromium nanoparticles, is recommended during the transfer phase of sheep under the influence of heat stress.

In the present study, the aerodynamic performance of a hybrid wind turbine has been investigated, numerically. To solve and discretize the governing equations, the finite volume method is applied. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of tip speed ratio (TSR) and free wind speed (U) on the aerodynamic performance of the Darrieus-Savonius hybrid wind turbine. For this purpose, with the help of computational fluid dynamics, the obtained results have been validated with numerical and experimental data in previous studies. Also, the behavior of the wind turbine in the values of TSR= 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 and U= 5 and 10 m/s has been studied. The results obtained from this research show that at low TSRs, air penetration into the rotor is increased and this event increases the drag force by the internal rotor. In addition, with increasing U, both the torque and the power coefficient have increased. Finally, the hybrid rotor generated the maximum power at TSR= 1.5 and U= 10 m/s compared to the other cases, in which the maximum power coefficient is equal to 0.367.

The management of suckling calves guarantees health and performance in their productive life. The sensitivity and low immune system in newborn calves increase the odds ratio of some disorder incidence and sometimes it is associated with the death. Therefore, the use of antibiotics in suckling calves became popular. Laws prohibiting the use of antibiotics in raising domestic animals led to the use of natural alternatives with similar properties. These compounds cause positive effects on the reduction of intestinal infections, and disorders and increase the absorption of nutrients by creating intestinal microbial balance. Prebiotics have the same feature that changes the microflora population in the digestive system. It has been proven honey has prebiotic characteristics that improve the immune system in mammals. This product and its by-products are used for different goals in human feed. This prevents intestinal infection, modifies intestine microflora population, and improves health situation and lipid metabolism. Honey is a natural product that is thickened from saturated or supersaturated sugar solutions. It usually consists of 17% water, 38% fructose, 31% glucose, 10% other sugars, and a wide range of micronutrients, vitamins, minerals, and amino acids, with a pH below 4. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of milk enrichment with natural honey on the performance, digestibility, blood parameters, and skeletal growth indices of suckling Holstein calves.
Eighteen Holstein suckling male calves with an average weight of 58±4.2 kg were used. Treatments were divided into three groups which contained zero, 2.5, and five g per day of natural honey to the milk consumed. The duration of the experiment was 30 days evaluated in a completely randomized design. Calves were kept in individual pens and fed based on NRC requirements. Starter provided to total mixed ration (TMR) form which is given at 8:00 am and 4:00 pm daily. Calves fed milk based on 10% of body weight in the morning and evening. The amount of milk consumed by calves is measured, and to calculate the milk solids, it is multiplied by a coefficient of 12.5%. Dry matter (DM) digestibility, blood samples, average daily gain, dry matter intake, stool score, and skeleton growth were evaluated during 30 d and compared treatment by the general mixed model in SAS software.
The results of this study showed that adding natural honey to milk significantly improved the feed conversion ratio and increased the final weight, average daily gain, and dry matter digestibility of the calves (P<0.05). The group of calves that consumed five g of natural honey per day had the highest final weight and average daily gain, as well as the lowest feed conversion ratio. However, the milk and starter intakes were not affected by the experimental treatments, and there was no significant difference observed between the control group and the groups that received natural honey (P<0.05). Supplementing milk with honey improved the growth rate and feed conversion ratio of the calves, likely due to the presence of enzymes and other substances in honey that aid in breaking down polysaccharides into usable energy for the animals. Blood glucose concentration decreased in the calves that received natural honey (P<0.05), but the concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and very low-density lipoprotein were not significantly different among the treatments (P>0.05). The reduction in blood glucose can be attributed to the antioxidant compounds present in honey, which can reduce intestinal glucose absorption by inhibiting the digestive enzymes of alpha-amylase or delaying the emptying of stomach contents into the small intestine. The stool consistency score increased with increasing levels of natural honey in the milk, and the group that received five g of natural honey per day had the best stool score, while the control group had the lowest stool consistency score (P<0.05). However, there was no effect of treatment on the number of animals with diarrhea or the number of days involved with diarrhea (P>0.05). Natural honey is rich in antioxidants and has prebiotic properties, which promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms and decrease harmful microflora in the gut. There was no significant difference observed in skeletal growth indices between the different experimental treatments (P>0.05).
The experiment's findings indicated that incorporating natural honey (up to five g/day) into the milk given to Holstein calves can improve their performance and health, making it a recommended practice.

In the present day, with the improvement of clinical care, the number of cases of premature and low birth weight babies who survive has increased. This group of babies usually achieve compensatory and faster growth than the average growth for their age and gender in the first two years of life. Also, small for gestational age (SGA) babies often have low birth weight (less than 2500 grams). These babies usually achieve compensatory growth at 2-3 years old. But if they cannot achieve this rapid compensatory growth, they may need therapeutic interventions including growth hormone administration. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine and investigate growth indicators as an important health assessment criterion in 2-4-year-old children with a history of prematurity and low birth weight.

The present retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2018-2019 on 96 children between 2 to 4 years of age who were born prematurely or with a low weight (less than 2500 grams). The hospitalization records of these children hospitalized at Hafez and Namazi hospitals of Shiraz were examined. Parents were invited to participate in the study through an online application. Growth indices including head circumference, height and weight were measured by a trained physician. Body mass index and Z-score were calculated for these indices and growth indices at birth were collected from their hospital records. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, chi-score and analysis of variance.

96 children were included in the study, 12.5% of children were small for their gestational age at the time of birth, and at the time of evaluation in the present study. All participants had reached the appropriate height and head circumference for their age, but 5 (41.6%) children were underweight. 45 (46.9%) children had growth disorder at the time of examination, 31 (32.3%) children were referred for laboratory evaluation and 3 (3.1%) children were treated with growth hormone. In this study, 33 (34.4%) children were underweight and 4 (4.2%) were short, 38 (39.6%) had a low body mass index (less than 2SD).

Premature and LBW infants need more attention for growth in follow-ups. Physicians should be aware of growth delay or arrest to do the best intervention at the time. They may need to refer to a pediatric endocrinology clinic at the proper time.

Since the last two months of pregnancy (late pregnancy) constitute 75% of fetal growth, enriching the mother's diet can have positive consequences on the health and overall performance of the mother and children. Manganese functions in the immune system in different ways, including its activity in antioxidant pathways, its role in phagocytic activity, and maintaining the structural integrity of epithelial barriers against infection. Manganese deficiency can lead to dysfunction of innate and acquired immune systems in different species. Manganese toxicity is rarely observed. However, the main toxic effects attributable to this element are cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, as well as deposition in specific components of the basal ganglia, and alteration of dopaminergic neuroenzyme activity. Diet enrichment with organic manganese increased feed consumption and improved dry matter digestibility in lambs. It has been documented that maternal manganese status is vital for ewe’s performance and the health of their newborn lambs. But, the required level and form of dietary manganese in ruminants are not well defined. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the influence of organic manganese supplementation on the performance, digestibility, milk yield and composition of Afshari ewes in the transition period, and the health of their lambs, For the present study, 24 single pregnant ewes were selected. They were kept in separate boxes (1 × 1 m2) with a concrete floor covered with straw during the experiment. Twenty-four lambs were born in three days from the experimental ewes. Forty-two days before lambing, the ewes were fed a diet rich in organic manganese. Water was also provided freely and separately. The experimental treatments included: 1. The first group (T1) was fed with the basal diet, 2. The second group (T2) was fed the basic diet enriched with 40 mg of organic manganese per kg DM (recommended by NRC), and 3. The third group (T3) received a basal diet enriched with 80 mg of organic manganese per kg DM (twice recommended by NRC). In this study, organic manganese (amino-manganese) contains an element of manganese and methionine, which are ionically connected. The diets of ewes were balanced using the NRC software. To calculate the weight change of the ewes, they were weighed five weeks before lambing, on the day of lambing, and five weeks after lambing. Also, the lambs were weighed on the day of birth and at the time of placental discharge. Feces and feed samples were collected in the last week for five days to test the digestibility of dry matter of ewes. They were determined in neutral detergent (NDF) by the Van Suest method, and crude protein and crude ash were measured according to the official Association of Analytical Chemists (AOAC) methods. The concentrations of fat, protein, lactose, and milk solids were measured by the Milkoscan device (MilcoscanTMS50-76510). A flame atomic absorption spectrometer model (Shimadzu-AA-670) with a wavelength of 279.5 nm was used to measure the magnesium concentration of milk. The feces of the lambs were evaluated daily. Stool scores were determined based on 1. Hard and consistent, 2. Soft and loose, 3. Loose and watery, 4. Watery with some blood, and 5. Watery with blood and mucus. At the end of the experiment, the weight and average feed consumption of ewes after delivery were influenced by organic manganese supplementation and showed a significant increase (P<0.05). While before delivery, there was no significant difference between the experimental treatments regarding the weight of the ewes (P>0.05). Also, the birth weight of the lambs and the time of placental discharge were not affected by the experimental treatments (P>0.05). The addition of different levels of organic manganese in the diet of ewes did not have a significant effect on digestibility parameters (dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, NDF, ADF, and ether extract) during the transition period (P>0.05). Supplementation of organic manganese in the diet of pregnant ewes during the transition period did not affect milk production (P>0.05). However, the amount of fat and solids in milk increased in the treatments with organic manganese supplementation, and this amount was higher in the animals that received 40 mg of organic manganese per kg DM (P>0.05). Also, the concentration of manganese in milk increased in animals that received organic manganese. In the present study, stool consistency improved under the effect of organic manganese supplementation. The number of lambs suffering from diarrhea and the average number of days suffering from diarrhea decreased significantly (P<0.05) due to the consumption of organic manganese supplements by the mother during the transfer period. Manganese is a nutrient associated with health and immunity. On the other hand, there is a close relationship between the antioxidant status of the body and the health of the animal because manganese plays a role in the structure of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD). According to the results of this study, organic manganese acts as a valuable and safe supplement that can be used to improve the ewe’s performance and the health of newborn lambs.

Covid-19 is an emergent virus which has infected millions of people and triggered a serious circumstance all over the world. Due to the high prevalence of Covid-19 and limited treatment capacity, quick identification of factors which indicate the severity of the disease can be very helpful. The purpose of the present study was to determine and investigate the relationship between C-reactive protein and lymphopenia with the severity of the disease in hospitalized patients with Covid-19 in Yasuj, Iran, in 2019.

The present descriptive study was of retrospective type and available sampling method was used in 2019 on 206 patients with covid-19 where blood oxygen level, CT scan and CRP and blood lymphocyte levels were the main factors investigated. The sampling method was census and using a predetermined checklist, the required information was extracted from the files of patients admitted to the hospital. In this study, the background information of the patients including age, gender, clinical symptoms, length of stay in the hospital, the patient's condition based on discharge with relative recovery or death were collected. Furthermore, paraclinical information including: percentage of blood oxygen saturation, white blood cell count, lymphocyte, CRP and lung involvement in CT scan were extracted from the patients' files. The collected data were analyzed using the Willicion test and one-way analysis of variance.

The participants in the present study included 206 people whose average age was 51.39 years. 103 (50%) were men and 103 (50%) were women. The results of one-way analysis of variance indicated that there was a significant difference in the amount of lymphocytes in patients with severe, moderate and mild disease based on the oxygen level (p=0.03), but the CRP level in these patients was based on the blood oxygen level (p=0.32). CT scan (p=0.07) did not show any significant difference. In addition, there was no significant difference in the amount of lymphocytes in patients with severe, moderate and mild corona based on CT scan (p=0.14).

According to the findings obtained from the present study, it appeared that the level of lymphopenia can be used to predict the severity of the disease in patients with covid-19, but the level of CRP can be used to predict the severity of the disease in Covid-19 patients cannot be used based on the obtained results.

In this paper, parasitic capacitors and common mode voltage (CMV) are modeled in a delta connection multilevel cascaded STATCOM. In high frequency and high voltage applications the parasitic capacitors play important role in common mode voltages. In this paper, parasitic capacitors and CMV are modeled in a multilevel cascaded STATCOM and also parasitic currents are calculated, then a method will be proposed to reduce the effects of the parasitic capacitors. The values of parasitic capacitors are calculated by finite element software. Finally, a delta connection 13-level cascaded STATCOM with parasitic capacitors will be simulated in MATLAB Simulink and then simulation results will be presented.

The influence of the dominant worldview and ideology of any society on the attitudes of politicians and the policies adopted by them is not hidden from anyone, and this rule also applies to America and its politicians. Considering the special position it holds for itself in the world, this country has a special and different policy from other countries.In the last few decades, the policy of domination and hegemony has become the first priority of this country's foreign policy in all economic, cultural, military, etc. fields. One of the important components in the formation of the political thought and, accordingly, the military thought of any society, are the beliefs and convictions that govern it, so the role of religious and ideological foundations in the American military thought is an issue that this article deals with. Based on this, the main question of this research is: "What is the role of religious and ideological foundations in American military thought?" In order to answer this question, a mixed method research was conducted and uses the analytical-descriptive approach, based on the viewpoints of western thinkers and western scholars, the research is taken from the written works of the research. The findings of the research show that the absolute majority of the sample population gave a high and very high response to the research hypothesis. Also, according to the inferential analysis and the chi-square test, and considering the critical value and the obtained test statistic, the hypothesis of the research has been confirmed.

Integrated management with emphasis on combination of biocontrol agents and resistant varieties can be one of the efficient strategies to manage the pests. In this study, the effect of susceptible ('Orange') and resistant ('Tea') rose cultivars on demographic parameters of the rose aphid, Macrosiphum rosae (L.) (Hem.: Aphididae), and its predatory lady beetle Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) (Col.: Coccinellidae) was determined under laboratory conditions. The obtained data were analysed according to the age-stage, two-sex life table theory, the means, as well as the standard errors of all parameters, were estimated by the bootstrap procedure. Mean developmental time of immature stages (nymphal period) of the aphid on the resistant cultivar (15.20 days) was significantly higher than the susceptible one (9.53 days). The intrinsic rate of increase (r) of the rose aphid on the susceptible and resistant cultivars was 0.330 and 0.115 day-1, respectively. Furthermore, the values of the intrinsic rate of increase (r) of the predator fed on the aphids reared on the susceptible and resistant cultivars was 0.145 versus 0.126 day-1, respectively. The total pre-oviposition period (TPOP) of the lady beetle on the resistant cultivar (26.66 days) was significantly longer than that on the susceptible one (23.83 days), but total fecundity on the resistant cultivar (370.34 eggs/female) was significantly lower than that on the susceptible cultivar (451.65 eggs/female). According to obtained results, considering the lower intrinsic rate of increase (r) and fecundity of the predator on the resistant rose cultivar ('Tea'), more attention should be devoted for integrated control of rose aphids using resistant cultivars and predatory lady beetles.

Common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt & Lauterer is a serious economic pest of pistachio orchards in the world. Chemical control is a widely applied method to manage this pest problem. The intensive use of chemical insecticides has led to the development of resistant populations of the common pistachio psylla and environmental hazards. It seems that the use of inorganic compounds as insecticides is one of the ways to reduce the residual amount of dangerous toxins. In this study, the insecticidal effects of 10 kinds of inorganic compounds (subarkose, calcite, biomicrite, granite, coarse crystal sparitic limestone, monzogabbro, fine crystal sparitic limestone, monzodiorite, oomicrite and pelsparite) on oviposition and egg hatching rate were investigated. The results showed that the treated leaves with monzogabbro (0.00 ± 0.00), granite (0.54 ± 0.01), biomicrite (1.50 ± 0.21) and calcite (1.56 ± 0.17) at a concentration of 50 g/l were reported to have the greatest decrease in terms of the oviposition rate of the pest in the first year. The results of oviposition rate in the second year indicated that the treated leaves with biomicrite had a significant increase compared to calcite, granite and control. This study also showed that biomicrite treatment could not make any changes in the process of egg hatching. So, based on the results of the present study, monzogabbro, granite and calcite can be used to control pistachio psylla in pistachio orchards.

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) have received much attention due to their high torque as well as low noise values. However, several PI blocks are needed for field, torque, and speed control of the PMSM which complicates controller design in the vector control approach. To cope with these issues, a novel analytical approach for time-response shaping of the Pi controller in the filed oriented control (FOC) of the PMSM is presented in this manuscript. In the proposed method, it is possible to design the controlling loops based on the pre-defined dynamic responses of the motor speed and currents in dq axis. It should be noted that as decoupled model of the motor is employed in the controller development, a closed loop system has a linear model and hence, designed PI controllers are able to stabilize the PMSM in a wide range of operation. To design the controllers and choose PI gains, characteristic of the closed loop response is formulated analytically. According to pre-defined dynamic responses of the motor speed and currents in dq-axis e.g., desired maximum overshoot and rise-time values, gains of the controllers are calculated analytically. As extracted equation set of the controller tuning includes a nonlinear term, the Newton-Raphson numerical approach is employed for calculation of the nonlinear equation set. In addition, designed system is evaluated under different tests, such as step changes of the references. Finally, it should be noted that as the decoupled models are employed for the PMSM system, hence exact closed loop behavior of the closed loop system can be expressed via a linear model. As a result, stability of the proposed approach can be guaranteed in the whole operational range of the system. Controlling loops of the closed loop system are designed for speed control of the PMSM. To evaluate accuracy and effectiveness of the controllers, it has been simulated using MATLAB/Simulink software. Moreover, the TMS320F28335 digital signal processor (DSP) from Texas Instruments is used for experimental investigation of the controllers. Considering the simulation and practical results, it is shown that the proposed analytical approach is able to select the controlling gains with negligible error. It has shown that the proposed approach for rise time and overshoot calculations has at most 0.01% for step response of the motor speed at 500 rpm.

Allium includes more than 920 species worldwide. Iran is the main habitat of many wild Allium species. In this study, onion tissue of two species A. stipitatum and A. scabriscapum from two subspecies Melanocrommyum and Reticulatobulbosa were used to evaluate and identify the expression pattern of storage proteins obtained by the SDS-PAGE method. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI TOF/TOF MS mass spectrometry were used to identify protein spots and to observe the expression changes of the two species. Analysis of gels by two-dimensional electrophoresis revealed 138 protein spots. The results showed a slight similarity between the gels and a different expression pattern between the samples, based on which a small number of similar spots were obtained in both gels. The results showed that there were significant differences in the expression profile of onion tissue proteins of these samples. Using the T-test, 9 protein spots with the most significant changes were identified at the 5% probability level, and among them, 3 different spots were identified using Mass spectrometry was selected for identification. The results of mass spectrometry experiments and matching of the obtained data with NCBI and Uniprot databases and bioinformatics tools showed that the tested spots were consistent with Maturasek proteins, Agmatine coumaroyltransferase-1, and a protein with the unknown function called Hypothetical Protein. The findings of this study showed that since the samples belonging to A.stipitatum and A.scabriscapum are of the same genus, but the expression pattern of their stored proteins in onion tissue is very different from each other.

Due to the increased sensitive loads, improving power quality in distribution grids by custom power tools is one of the important fields of electrical engineering. This paper proposes a new kind of three-phase three-wire dynamic voltage restorer (without including storage sources or DC link) and also its control method.

The proposed structure includes an AC/AC converter, low-pass filters at the input and output sides, and three-phase injection transformers. The control system is based on the combination of feedback and feedforward control that its advantages are high speed, good response quality, and very simple implementation. To overcome the harmonics raised from AC/AC converter switching on the main line, a SOGI-PLL has been used. Also, SOGI-PLL operates independently on each phase so that the asymmetric voltage variations can be identified.

The proposed control method is capable to compensate the power quality problems such as voltage sag, swell, and harmonics in balanced and unbalanced conditions. The detailed modelling and design of the proposed controller are verified through computer simulations and experimental results under different operating conditions. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed control strategy can compensate the power quality events as close as possible to the desired values under different operation modes.

In this paper, a three-phase three-wire dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) was assessed using direct AC/AC converters without a supply source and DC link. A control system based on combined feedback and feedforward control (CFBFFC) and SOGI-PLL has been proposed for the DVR. The simulation results on a three-phase 20kV system as well as the experimental results obtained from a single-phase 220V system verified the performance of the DVR and the control system. It was shown that this structure can compensate for 0.5pu voltage sag, above 1pu voltage swell, and all kinds of harmonic faults.

The study of educational environments in teaching hospitals has been recommended by many countries on an ongoing basis. In medical science education environments, in order to organize students' behavior, it is necessary to adjust and adapt the content and educational environment to each other as two important factors in the development of medical sciences. The aim of this study was to determine and study the atmosphere of teaching hospitals in Abadan University of Medical Sciences from the perspective of clinical students and its relationship with the performance of managers.

the present cross-sectional study was conducted in educational hospitals under the auspices of Abadan School of Medical Sciences in 2019. Research tools were two valid and reliable questionnaires. The “Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure questionnaire” was used for the educational environment and the “managers' performance questionnaire” was used to evaluate the managers of the departments. Sampling was done by census and 204 students and 32 heads of clinical departments were included in the study. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive tests (frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation) and analytical tests of t-test, analysis of variance and Pearson correlation.

The performance of managers was strong (mean score was 68.75±7.39). Each of the different areas of managers' performance had a positive and significant relationship with each other. Educational atmosphere was also favorable (mean score 113.35±22.59). There was no significant relationship between educational atmosphere and managers 'performance and each of the managers' performance areas.

Due to the dissatisfaction of one third of students with the educational atmosphere in Abadan University of Medical Sciences in clinical departments and not so high score in the dimension of planning in the performance of managers, educational processes need careful planning and implementation of standards.

The military doctrine formulation and development pattern that provides coherence and coordination in the formulation and development of a military doctrine has been the constant concern of senior commanders and decision-makers at the top levels of the armed forces. Therefore, the aim of this research is to design a pattern for formulation and development of the military doctrine of Armed Forces of The Islamic Republic of Iran (A.F.I.R.I.) and this research seeks to answer the question that “which is the pattern of formulation and development of the military doctrine of Armed Forces of The Islamic Republic of Iran (A.F.I.R.I.)?”. This research is applied-developmental research and its approach is mixed. The case study method has been used for determining of dimensions, factors and sub-factors. In this research, first, the existing patterns of military doctrine formulation and development in the country were studied. Subsequently, a native pattern was designed and presented with a comparative study of internal patterns and external patterns of the selected countries. Interviews were conducted with eight experts in order to enrich the theoretical basics and use of internal experiences. Then, a questionnaire was used to evaluate and validate the prepared conceptual pattern. To answer the questionnaire, 30 experts were referred. The result of this research is the military doctrine formulation and development pattern of Armed Forces of The Islamic Republic of Iran (A.F.I.R.I.) including 5 dimensions, 14 factors and 47 sub-factors that can be used to prepare the the military doctrine of Armed Forces of The Islamic Republic of Iran (A.F.I.R.I). These five dimensions include: data collection, design, production, implementation, and feedback.

Political training is the process that leads to an increase in the skills and capabilities of citizens to influence their political and social destiny, and it is important to recognize effective factors on the political Training of citizens. Students are important part of citizens in the field of political and social activity, which is important to identify effective factors on the political Training of the class. Therefore, the main issue of this study is to identify the factors affecting the political Training of students and measuring the impact of each of these factors.

This research has been done using survey method and using questionnaire and also usage of systematic sampling method, between the technical and engineering universities of Tehran two state universities and two Islamic azad (open) universities were selected and the number of 384 students were selected as samples. In order to compare the data, the method of percentage and calculation of the mean and to determine the effect of variables and generalize the results to the statistical population and measure the effect of the studied variables, one-sample student t-test (T) was used.

Effective factors on political training of students have been identified and the effect of these factors is measured in 10 indicators.

The results show that four indicators of individual, family, mass media and international developments have a significant effect on political Training of university students and other indices.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the replacement of different levels of wheat straw with cottonseed plant on performance, digestibility, blood parameters, and rumination behavior of Dalagh ewes. Therefore, 15 ewes with three treatments and five replications were used in a completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of 0, 50, and 100% replacement of wheat straw with cottonseed plant. The whole period of the experiment was carried out in 35 days, consisting of seven days for the adaptation period. Ewe body weight was recorded weekly. Fecal and feed samples were collected on days 31 to 35 for five consecutive days from each treatment to determine digestibility. Blood sampling was done on day 35 and 4 hours after morning feeding. On days 29 and 30, the rumination behavior of ewes was estimated for 24 hours. Results indicated that dry matter intake and weight gain in the second treatment (50% cottonseed plant) increased and feed conversion rate was decreased, but generally performance and digestibility were not affected by treatments. Also, there was no significant difference between experimental treatments in digestibility. Results of the present experiment showed, by increasing the amount of whole cottonseed plant in ewe diets, the concentration of triglyceride increased (p < /em><0.05). The most and the least concentrations of glucose were observed in the first (contained 0% cottonseed plant) and second treatment (contained 50% cottonseed plant), respectively. With the reduction of wheat straw levels in the diet, chewing time and rumination behavior were increased. The difference was not significant in eating, rumination, and chewing behavior. Based on the results of this experiment it could be possible to replace the cottonseed plant in the diet of ewes.

Today, there is an increasing interest in use of seismic isolation to protect the structures against earthquakes. The most common type of seismic isolation is called base isolation, in which the isolation layer is installed under foundations to separate the structures from the ground and reduce the earthquake forces. However, the use of this type of seismic isolation faces some difficulties such as construction in congested urban areas or construction of near sea structures. Furthermore, for seismic retrofitting of existing buildings, the installation of the isolation under foundations is difficult or even impossible; so, it needs to be located on the middle floors of the buildings. The method of isolation design is called floor or middle story isolation. Despite the advantages of seismic isolations, they have some limitations such as instability in large deformations, residual displacement, and the need for replacement after severe earthquakes. The use of Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) regarding their unique properties is considered as an appropriate solution to overcome the above problems. These smart materials show high strength and strain capacity, high recentering ability, and high resistance to corrosion and to fatigue. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of combination of middle story isolation utilized by Natural Rubber Bearing (NRB) and iron-based shape memory alloys in steel structures and to compare the performance of such structures with and without the presence of the shape memory alloy in the middle-story isolation system. Then, a three-story steel structure has been modeled and evaluated. For this purpose, a structure with floor isolation and iron-based shape memory alloy was modeled in OpenSees computer program. The structures were then subjected to seismic loading. The results were presented in the form of story drift, floor acceleration, floor shear forces, and base shear. The outcome of this research showed that the use of these alloys in the middle-story isolation reduced the overall base shear and floor shear forces. The overall story drift, floor acceleration and displacement are reduced; with the exception at the isolation level. Thus, utilizing the natural rubber bearing isolator along with the iron-based shape memory alloy can be considered as a desirable system for the seismic protective design of buildings.

Cultural methods such as crop fertilization can affect susceptibility of plants to herbivores by altering plant tissue nutrient. In this study, the life table parameters of the two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch were determined under different chemical fertilizer regimes on resistant bean cultivar (var. Parastoo) under laboratory conditions at 25±1°C, 60±5% RH and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) hour. Treatments included 30, 60, and 100% of the recommended level of urea, ammonium nitrate, and potassium sulfate fertilizers. According to the obtained results, the longest preadult development time was related to individuals reared on the fertilized bean with potassium sulfate 60%, while the shortest period was related to those on 30% ammonium nitrate and 60%urea. The mean fecundity of the individuals reared on fertilized beans with different concentrations of ammonium nitrate (especially 60% ammonium nitrate) were significantly higher than the other fertilizers. The highest and lowest values of intrinsic rate of increase (r) were obtained on beans fertilized with 60% ammonium nitrate and 100%potassium sulfate, respectively. In addition, the values of net Reproductive rate (R0) and the Gross Reproductive Rate (GRR) of TSSM reared on bean fertilized with 60% ammonium nitrate were significantly higher than the other fertilizer treatments. Our findings may provide important information in the design of a comprehensive program for integrated soil fertility management and subsequently integrated management of TSSM in bean fields.

Botnet is a group of hosts infected with the same malicious code and managed by an attacker or Botmaster through one or more command and control (C&C) servers. The new generation of Botnets generates C&C domain name  server’s list dynamically. This dynamic list created by a domain generation algorithm helps an attacker to periodically change its C&C servers and prevent their addresses from being blacklisted. Each infected host generates a large   number of domain names using a predefined algorithm and attempts to map them to their corresponding addresses by sending queries to the domain server. In this paper, the deep autoencoder neural network is used to identify domains without any knowledge of their generating algorithm, and the performance of the proposed method is compared with the performance of machine learning algorithms. Initially, a new dataset is created by combining a data set with normal domains and two datasets containing malicious and abnormal domains and both manual and automated   methods are used to extract the features of the new dataset. Deep autoencoder neural network is applied to new and pre-processed datasets and the results are compared with machine learning algorithms. Based on the obtained results, it is possible to identify the malicious domains generated by domain generating algorithms using the deep autoencoder neural network with a higher speed and an accuracy rate larger than 98.61%.