m. fathi

Oxidative stress is inevitable in broiler chicken production, and it affects the physiological, behavioral, and biochemical status of growing chicken which ultimately deteriorates meat quality. The imbalance among free radicals and antioxidant enzymes within living cells or tissues leads to the oxidation of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids and is a fundamental cause of oxidative stress. When the antioxidant mechanism within living cells weakens, the production of free radicals increases under physiological oxygen metabolism, and reactive species (i.e., reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species) are needed in cells in small quantities because they function as signaling molecules during homeostasis. However, excessive production of these species leads to oxidative stress. There is a mechanism in living cells to reduce the number of oxidative species through physiological scavenging. Numerous reactive oxygen species such assuperoxide and hydrogen peroxide are produced during oxygen metabolism. In addition, some reports showed that after the occurrence of oxidative stress, there are severe inflammatory reactions in the cells involved, which can lead to greater tissue damage and activate tissue apoptosis. Oxidative stress plays an essential role in the emergence of a number of chronic disorders such as diabetes and cancer by inducing inflammation. To protect against free radicals, living organisms have a combined antioxidant defense system including enzymatic system (such as glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase enzymes in the cytosol and cell membrane structure) and a non-enzymatic system (such as glutathione, polyphenol, carotenoids, special dipeptides, proteins containing thiol group, polyamines, ubiquinol, flavonoids, bilirubin, uric acid, vitamin E with selenium, and vitamin C) in tissues. Black cumin seeds (Nigella sativa) have been used as alternative medicine for more than 2000 years due to their multisystemic positive effects. Many active components of black cumin have been identified, including dithymoquinone, thymoquinone, nigellone, thymohydroquinone, nigilline, melanthin, nigelamine, damascenone, pinene, and p-cymene. Black cumin contains minerals such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron, phosphorus, cobalt, zinc, and manganese, and vitamins A, B, C, D, and E. Moreover, black cumin is rich in essential oils, proteins, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and polyphenols. The black cumin has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anthelmintic, hypocholesteremia, appetite stimulant, antidiarrheal, diuretic, antiulcer, spasmolytic and bronchodilatory, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, anticancer, hepatoprotective, and renal protective activities and has antioxidant properties. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of black cumin on growth performance, antioxidant status, inflammatory responses, and biochemical and hematological changes in broilers under oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide.

A total of 200 one-day-old chickens (Ross 308) were reared in the form of a completelyrandomized design with four treatments and five replications (10 chickens per replicate). Experimental treatments included: 1. Control group (fed with basic diet), and groups 2, 3, and 4 had levels of 50, 100, and 150 g of black seed per kg of diet. To induce oxidative stress, all birds received 1% hydrogen peroxide per liter of drinking water from 14 to 42 days of age. At 42 d, two birds were randomly selected from each cage and after blood sampling from the wing vein, were killed and dissected for liver and spleen tissue sampling. Growth performance, blood and biochemical parameters such as the number of red and white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, heterophil and lymphocyte, serum triglyceride, and cholesterol, as well as serum antioxidant parameters including the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes including glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, were determined. In addition, liver enzymes present in the serum including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured. Also, to evaluate the effect of black cumin on the inflammatory response of broiler chickens under induced oxidative stress, serum interleukins including IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α were measured.

The results showed that black seed supplementation in chickens under induced oxidative stress significantly improved the growth performance, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and decreased MDA in serum, liver tissue, and spleen (P<0.05). Black seed supplementation significantly decreased serum levels of inflammatory cytokines of IL-6 and TNF-α, and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine of IL-10 (P<0.05). Also, black seed supplementation did not affect red blood cells, hematocrit, or hemoglobin, but increased white blood cells, lymphocytes, and decreased blood heterophils (P<0.05). Serum levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, ALT, AST, and ALP also decreased significantly under the influence of black seed.

Based on the results of this experiment, it appears that black cumin (Nigella sativa) seed supplement can improve the growth performance of broiler chickens due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

stroke causes damage to the sensory and motor systems and motor and cognitive disabilities due to impaired blood supply to an area in the brain. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of exercises at home with functional overload on acute stroke patients.

In the present semi-experimental study conducted in 2024, as a pre-test and post-test with intervention and control groups, the statistical population included stroke patients referred to the clinic of Shohdai Eshair Hospital in Khorramabad. The statistical sample included 24 acute stroke patients who were randomly divided into two groups (intervention and control). In two stages of pre-test and post-test (after 12 weeks of training), leaf balance test, measurement of functional independence, dolly walking test and electromyography examination of anterior tibialis muscle and quadriceps femoris were performed in both groups.The collected data were analyzed using independent t and Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical tests.

The balance examination with a significant level (p = 0.0001), in the walking test with a significant level (p = 0.0001) and in the functional independence test with a significant level (0.0001) p=0/) in the experimental group, the situation was better. Electromyography examination of quadriceps muscle nerve with a significant level (p=0.01) and anterior tibialis muscle nerve with a significant level (p=0.01) revealed that the muscle amplitude of the control group was better.

The results of the present study indicated that in addition to clinical exercises, home-based exercises using a weight or weight cuff improve independent performance, walking, and balance in acute stroke patients, which was associated with positive changes in muscle electromyography.

Industrial estates are essential for the economic advancement of a nation and should be examined from multiple angles. While the geographical environment of these estates has been extensively studied from multiple perspectives, their internal features have received comparatively less scrutiny. Hence, the objective of this paper is to ascertain the spatial preferences within the internal organization of industrial estates in Alborz Province by employing the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology.

This study was conducted in 2023 with a focus on practical applications. The study strategy was established by utilizing the Analytical Hierarchy strategy (AHP) and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques to identify and prioritize variables. After conducting a literature review, 14 primary variables were selected using the Delphi technique. The SANNA system was then used to assess the priority of these variables in the geographical structure of the "Simin Dasht" and "Baharstan" industrial estates. The study methodology involved extracting spatial data using the space syntax method and giving it priority.

The road network is the most important environmental factor in determining the spatial organization of industrial estates. Following the road network, the priority of other criteria, in descending order, includes visual connection, grain size, architectural quality, building density, external connection, climate, topography, infrastructure, and greenery. Furthermore, the current spatial arrangement of industrial estates in Alborz Province excels in terms of "visual connectivity" and "road infrastructure," but falls short in terms of "architectural excellence" and "green spaces."

The spatial design of the area is primarily influenced by three key factors: accessibility and connection, physical structure, and geomorphology. Out all the sub-variables, visual connection, road network, and grain size are the most important.

From the distant past, the possible outcomes of the battle have been the focus of the military and politicians. The war game is a combination of experiences of past wars and science. The war game is like a chess game where there is a screen with several imagined ways to determine the direction of movement in front of the users. The war between Iraq and Iran is one of the most important international events that has continued for eight years, and the military experiences of our armed forces from the operations carried out in the holy defense, such as the Fatah-ul-Mobin operation, are so important and valuable that It can be an inspiring and native source for teaching in military scientific and research centers in formats such as war games. The purpose of this research is to analyze and express the main elements of the war game Operation Fatah Al Mobin.
In this research, the type of "applied-developmental" research and the "descriptive-analytical" research method and two questions about the war game and the main elements of the war game of Fatah Al Mobin operation have been raised.
The mentioned operation war game has been analyzed and according to the conceptual model of the research taken from the opinion of the professors of this field, the elements of the war game have been counted in three physical, cognitive, and informational domains, as well as 12 elements of the subset of domains

The aim of this study was to predict the level of academic engagement based on academic enthusiasm.

The design of the current research was quantitative, in terms of correlational and predictive research method. The statistical population of the present study included all the male and female students studying in the fourth, fifth, and sixth grades of secondary schools in Pakdasht urban area in the academic year of 1401-1402, numbering 19368. Among them, 440 people were selected by stratified random sampling. The research tools included Rio's academic engagement questionnaire and Scoufilli et al.'s academic enthusiasm questionnaire, and its validity and reliability were examined through the opinions of expert professors.

The reliability rate (Cronbach's alpha) was also 0.86. The covariance analysis test showed that the dimensions of academic engagement (behavioral, causal, motivational and cognitive) can be predicted based on the components of academic enthusiasm (enthusiasm for education, dedication to education, attraction to education).

it is possible to increase academic engagement with academic enthusiasm, which is the passion and desire of people and attracts them and devotes themselves to study, which ultimately improves academic performance and success of people.

Tapour variety line (P-11 / 6-70036) was obtained from a cross between Sahar (Pershing) and K.W-505 in Mazandaran Agricultural Research Center in 1992. The study of F1 generation, segregating generations and the purification of crosses were performed during 1992-98. The pure lines were compared with Sari and Telar cultivars, in the preliminary comparison, biennial comparison, regional and national regional experiments during 1999-2000. The top lines were also compared with local control cultivars in on-farm trials. In total, the line P-11 / 6-70036 (Tapour variety) was superior to other cultivars with an average yield of 3749 kg per hectare. Other suitable traits of the new variety were: high height, suitable distance of the first pod from the ground, three-seed pods, medium five maturity group, semi determinate growth type, high weight of thousand seed, loading resistance, shattering resistance and tolerance to most important common diseases of soybean in the region, including charcoal rot.

Ascites is one of the most common metabolic syndromes in today's fast-growing broilers and is associated with rapidly growing tissues and characterized by accumulation of lymph fluid in the peritoneal spaces. Effective factors in the occurrence of ascites syndrome include free radicals in the body such as superoxide, hydroxide, and hydrogen peroxide. By reducing the capacity of the body's antioxidant systems, free radicals make the bird susceptible to various diseases. Free radicals produced in the body by damaging the cell membrane lead to cell death and ultimately tissue damage. Therefore, by increasing cell protection from such injuries, one of the common causes of ascites and heart failure abnormalities can be prevented. In addition, free radicals from oxygen derivatives reduce the half-life of nitric oxide (vasodilating agent), causing a decrease in the ability of vasodilation and providing the basis for the occurrence of ascites. Therefore, it is suggested that the use of antioxidants can prevent ascites and improve performance in broilers. Medicinal plants are among the rich sources of natural antioxidants that do not have the harmful effects of antibiotics and synthetic antioxidants. For this reason, the use of medicinal plant extracts is an important step in animal nutrition to increase the immunity of poultry. The mentioned extracts have strong antioxidant, antibacterial, and digestive properties. Probably, the positive effects of medicinal plants are due to the active compounds found in plant extracts such as menthol, thymol, and carvacrol. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ethanolic extract of sage on the performance, antioxidant status, and blood parameters of broiler chickens under induced ascites.
A total of 450 one-day-old chickens (Ross 308) were reared in the form of a completely randomized design with six treatments and five replications (15 chickens in each replication). Experimental treatments include 1. Positive control group (without inducing ascites and fed with basic diet), 2. Negative control group (inducing ascites and fed with basic diet), 3 and 4. Vitamin C group (inducing ascites with levels of 1000 and 2000 ppm vitamin C), 5 and 6- Sage group (ascites induction with 1000 and 2000 ppm of sage extract). To induce ascites, water containing 1200 mg of sodium (three grams per liter of sodium salt) was provided to the chickens from the 15th day of the experiment. Growth performance parameters including feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were calculated for the total period. On the last day of the experiment (42 d), two birds were randomly selected from each cage and after sampling from the wing vein, killed and the ascites index was calculated as the ratio of the weight of the right ventricle to the total ventricles. The mortalities were collected as soon as they were observed and after weighing to correct the feed conversion ratio, were necropsied to investigate the cause of death. Blood and biochemical parameters such as the number of red and white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, heterophil and lymphocyte, serum triglyceride, and cholesterol, as well as serum antioxidant parameters including the level of malondialdehyde and the activity of antioxidant enzymes including glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase were measured. In addition, liver enzymes present in the serum including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were also measured.
The results showed that induction of ascites increased the ratio of the right ventricle to total ventricles, mortality due to ascites, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, and body weight loss (P<0.05). Administering sage extract improved the mentioned traits and vitamin C also reduced the ratio of right ventricle to total ventricles, losses due to ascites (P<0.05). Sage extract and vitamin C moderated the increasing effects of ascites induction on heterophiles, triglyceride, and cholesterol and increased red blood cells, hematocrit, and hemoglobin compared to the negative control treatment (P<0.05). In addition, the induction of ascites decreased the activity of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase enzymes and increased serum malondialdehyde, experimental treatments, especially sage extract, improved the antioxidant status compared to the negative control treatment (P<0.05). Also, the induction of ascites increased the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gammaglutaryl transferase, and alkaline phosphatase enzymes. The addition of experimental supplements, especially sage, decreased the serum level of the mentioned enzymes (P<0.05).
The results of this research showed that the use of sage extract compared to vitamin C has better results on performance, increasing antioxidant power, and reducing stress of broilers with ascites.

This study explores the potential of the probiotics and immunostimulants combination (Vimolert®) to enhance the blood biochemistry profile, histopathology, and immune response of Nile Tilapia against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. A total of 150 Nile tilapia were used and divided into five groups, including a negative control group, a positive control group, and three groups fed with Vimolert®-supplemented diets at different doses for four weeks. After this period, groups 2 to 5 were infected with A. hydrophila. The biochemistry parameters including alanine aminotransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, urea, and creatinine significantly increased in the positive control group compared to the treated groups. The total protein and albumin levels were significantly lower in the positive control group than in the treated groups, while the globulin level was higher in the treated groups than in the positive control group. Regarding the immune response, which includes nitroblue tetrazolium and lysozyme activity, it was observed that the groups receiving Vimolert® experienced significant increases in the fourth and sixth weeks compared to the positive control group. The histopathological examination unveiled that the positive control group exhibited pronounced pathological alterations, including degeneration and necrosis in the liver tissue, necrosis, and a reduction in hematopoietic cells in the kidney tissue, as well as edema, degeneration, and necrosis in the muscle tissue. Furthermore, there were infiltrations of mononuclear cells and melanomacrophages between the necrotic muscle fibers. In contrast, the treated group displayed milder to moderately altered tissue conditions. Group 4 had the maximum protection after infection compared to the other treated groups. In conclusion, this study underscores the potential of Vimolert® (a mixture of probiotics and immunostimulants) in improving the immune response and resistance of Nile tilapia against A. hydrophila infection. This finding holds significant promise for enhancing the health status and survival of Nile Tilapia in the aquaculture industry, thereby contributing to the sustainability and productivity of this industry.

Global concern about human health and the increase the prevalence of chronic diseases in recent years lead to growing appeals for nutritious and healthy compounds, such as coenzyme Q10. Susceptibility to heat and lipophilic properties of coenzyme Q10 limit its utilization in food. Encapsulation is a technology that protects bioactive ingredients from harsh environmental conditions and extends shelf life. The purpose of this study was to encapsulate coenzyme Q10 using complex coacervation by gelatin–basil seed mucilage and characterize physical, thermal and chemical properties of produced microcapsules. Response surface methodology was applied to determine the optimum level of the four formulation variables for maximum encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity and turbidity and minimum supernatant absorption. The optimum microcapsules had encapsulation efficiency of 83.69%, encapsulation load of 16.32%, turbidity of 0.979 and supernatant absorption of 0.227. The microcapsules were assessed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results of FTIR confirmed the formation of coacervates. The thermogram of Q10 loaded microcapsule melting point was not observed at its melting point (50°C) due to its solubility in the oil phase and appropriate entrapment. Release behavior of Q10 was studied by different mathematical models. Microencapsulated Q10 was used to fortify milk and the results showed that the developed protein-carbohydrate microcapsules can be applied for protection of hydrophobic compounds.

In this article, guidance and control of the reusable launch vehicle at pre-landing phase have been studied. A plenty of vertical take-off and vertical landing (VTVL) reusable launch vehicle have been gradually developed to access the space allowing for reducing the flight operation costs and realizing reusability such as Falcon 9. The goal of this article is increasing the accuracy and safety of the guidance and control system of the launch vehicle in order to successfully land on the ground station. Integrated guidance and control, being a novel method in guidance and control, is used to guide the launch vehicle in the re-entry phase and landing phase on the ground. The returning object studied is a Falcon 9 rocket for which we find the 6 DOF model. This vehicle has a vertical landing phase and implementing an integrated guidance and control system is a novel approach in this area. The controller used in this article is based on sliding-mode. This controller has an acceptable performance against the uncertainties and indefinite values of the system parameters. GPOPS software is used to create the initial flight path of the launch vehicle. This software calculates the optimal landing path with respect to dynamic constraints, control constraints and a cost function. Genetic algorithm is used to find the constant parameters for guidance and control. In this work, a fast terminal sliding mode control is proposed for a VTVL reusable launch in the present of disturbance and uncertainties. Compared with the previous works, the proposed controller has satisfactory performances and achieves smaller steady-state error under the consideration of multiple simulation results. Results show that integrated guidance and control needs less bulk standard deviation than common guidance and control due to simultaneous solving of guidance and control equations. This causes the defined constraints not to surpass the acceptable values anywhere in the path.

Office workplace are designed with the aim of providing a place to better perform the tasks of employees. Hence, it is important to know the environmental factors that affect productivity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the spatial configuration of high-rise office buildings in Karaj city on the internal and external scale on employee productivity and compare it with the effect of the physical factors stated in the Haynes model.

This descriptive research was conducted in the 2022 in Karaj. The main variables were extracted according to the Haines model and classified using the variance analysis test. Data was collected with a questionnaire. The analysis (ANOVA) of the space syntax of buildings including three variables "integration", "depth" and "connectivity" was performed in UCL.Depthmap.10 three levels "macro", "immediate" and "internal" in the software. In the inferential analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis using "partial least square" method were used in LISREL 10.2.

Physical factors including "temperature and ventilation", "noise and acoustics", "light", "dimensions" and "ergonomics" had the greatest impact on self-reported productivity in high-rise office building employees. Among other factors, the spatial structure had an impact on the productivity of employees at three macro levels (city scale), immediate area (surrounding area) and internal (architectural plan). The impact of spatial structure was less than that of physical factors, and there were differences in the sub variables of "integration", "depth" and "connectivity” and they were not equal. Among the variables of space syntax, "connectivity" has no relation with productivity It was the staff. The two variables of c integration and depth also had different effects at the urban level and immediately.

In office workplace, physical factors are effective in the productivity of employees, regardless of the work pattern. The internal space syntax is related to the interaction and concentration of employees, and this issue has a different effect depending on the working model. At the urban scale, "integration" has a weak and direct relationship with productivity.

Antibiotics are chemical compounds, which are extensively used in the treatment of diseases in animals worldwide. Ignorance or negligence of the withdrawal time and use of antibiotics more than that prescribed have resulted in the presence of antibiotic residues in food products such as eggs that can include adverse effects on the consumer health. The aim of this study was to develop an appropriate method to assess antibiotics in eggs.

In the present study, an efficient method called homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction in combination with deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction was developed for the extraction of penicillin G, oxytetracycline, chloramphenicol and doxycycline from egg samples and then analyses were carried out using high performance liquid chromatography. To achieve high extraction recoveries, effects of various parameters including concentration and volume of the zinc acetate solution, salt quantity, type and volume of the extraction/dispersive solvent and vortexing time were investigated and optimized in HLLE step as well as type and volume of the extraction solvent, ionic strength and rate and time of the centrifuging procedure in DLLME step.

Under the optimum extraction conditions, extraction recoveries were in the ranges of 59–75%. Detection limits of the method for analytes were in the range of 3.7–4.4 ng g–1.  Consumption of small volumes of the organic solvents has been addressed as another advantage of this method. Moreover, 35 egg samples were analyzed with the highlighted method and results indicated that 28.58% of the investigated egg samples were contaminated by at least one of the listed antibiotics.

The developed method is well capable of measuring the mentioned antibiotics in eggs, so this method can be used with the aim of increasing food safety in various industries, including poultry

Decreased bone density, especially in women, is a health risk factor; therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a resistance training course with vitamin D supplementation on bone absorption markers in girls.

The participants of the present semi experimental study were 24 non-athlete girls in Boroujerd (mean age 21.6 ± 2.04 years, mean height 155 ± 5.5 cm and average weight 64.13 64 4.9 kg) who participated voluntarily and were randomly divided into four groups of six (resistance training, vitamin D intake, resistance training with vitamin D intake and control group). Resistance training consisting of eight weeks (three one-hour sessions per week) was performed in accordance with the principle of overload. The participants were given Vitamin D supplementation for eight weeks (once a week) using vitamin D tablets (8 pearl IU50000) with 300 ml of water. Blood samples were taken 48 hours before the beginning of the protocol and 48 hours after the end of the last session to measure the serum concentrations of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin. ANCOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to analyze the hypotheses.

The results indicated that after eight weeks of resistance training, as well as eight weeks of resistance training with vitamin D, a significant increase in serum calcitonin concentration (p=0.001) and a decrease in serum parathyroid hormone concentration (p=0.001) Occurred.

It seems that resistance activity and vitamin D consumption increases calcitonin and decreases Parathormone in sedentary girls, which probably has a positive effect on bone mass.

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that lead to the customer loyalty of Rubber Shareholder Customers. This study is an applied type of research due to the purpose, with a descriptive survey approach due to data. Statistical population of this research contains Iranian Capital Market investors and activists in the fall 1995. Sampling was done randomly by distributing a questionnaire consisting of 18 questions among 385 investors. For data analysis, multivariate regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient have been used. The results indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between customer satisfaction, brand image and switching costs with customer loyalty. In addition, among the mentioned factors, customer satisfaction has the most impact in terms of customer loyalty. The results are corresponded with the findings of previous studies, in relation to customer loyalty of service industries. The managers of the stock brokerage companies can use these results in order to improve customer relations and increase their loyalty.

The increase of myoD gene expression is the characteristic of activation and proliferation of satellite cells due to induced stimulus in skeletal muscle. But it seems the fast and slow skeletal muscle response and the appearance of this marker due to stimulus are not similar. Accordingly, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of endurance training on myoD gene expression in fast and slow skeletal muscle in Wistar male rats.

In the present study conducted in 2020, 14 rats (weight 234±24g) provided from Pasteur Institute and housed under natural conditions (temperature, light/dark (12-h) cycle, with ad Libitum access to food and water). The rats randomly divided to two groups experimental (n=7) and control (n=7); the experimental group performed an endurance training program (30 m/min, 50 min, 6 sessions per week for 14-weeks) on a motorized treadmill, and 48 hours after the end of the last session of endurance activity with the control group were anesthetized and sacrificed, then the soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were removed. Real-time RT-PCR was used to determine if expression levels of myoD gene. To conclude, the data were analyzed by independent t-test.

endurance training induced a significant increase (p=0.022) in EDL myoD gene expression; correspondingly, this modification was observed in soleus muscles (p=0.001)

it appeared that endurance training increased the myoD gene expression in soleus (slow-twitch muscle) and EDL (fast-twitch muscle).

Given that Royal Jelly contains compounds that have beneficial effects on the central nervous system and neural functions, therefore, the aim of this study was to determine and evaluate the effect of Royal Jelly consumption on apoptotic indices in trimethyltin model of Alzheimerchr('39')s disease. 

In the present experimental study conducted in fall of 2018, 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats were included in the study. Twenty-four of them were induced by Alzheimerchr('39')s induction by trimethyltin. The rats were then randomly divided into four groups: healthy last week, victim control last week, sham and royal jelly. The expression of P53, BAX, BCL-2 genes were measured by Real Time PCR technique. Data analysis was performed by Manova test and post hoc Scheffe at the significant level P<0.05 using SPSS software version 20. 

The findings of the present study indicated that the dependent variable P53 in the last week Alzheimerchr('39')s group was more than the healthy groups in the last week and gel. Moreover, the dependent variable P53 in the sham group was more than the healthy groups in the last week and the gel. In the healthy group, the last week was less than sham and Alzheimerchr('39')s last week. BCL-2 in the gel group was more than sham and healthy last week and Alzheimerchr('39')s last week and in the healthy group last week was more than sham and Alzheimerchr('39')s last week. 

Trimethylmethine administration may be involved in selective neuronal death and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in neurodegenerative disorders, and royal jelly supplementation may be used as an inhibitor of the internal pathway of apoptosis and to enhance neural function and neuronal regeneration in the present model.

Doogh, a favorite acidic dairy drink, usually sufferd from low stability and swelling due to microbial activation, protein aggregation and consequently phase separation which happens at low pH. In this study optimization of doogh powder production stabilized by pectin and tragacanth was performed using response surface methodology for selection of appropriate hydrocolloid and processing condition. The results showed that the quality of doogh powder strongly depends upon the spray drying temperature and type of hydrocolloid addition. Optimum operating conditions were found to be an inlet air temperature of 122 ºC and stabilization using tragacanth, under which moisture content, bulk density, solubility, Carr index, serum separation, color (L factor), pH, Hausner ratio, and porosity were 5%, 0.31%, 88%, 37, 65%, 89, 4.33, 1.59% and 73.5%, respectively.  Evaluation of sensory attributes (color, odor, flavor, consistency, and total acceptance) confirmed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between dried doogh powder produced in optimized conditions and freshly prepared sample.

This paper presents a stacking sequence optimization for maximizing the buckling load of rotationally restrained laminated composite rectangular plates with different boundary conditions resting on an elastic Pasternak foundation subjected to uniaxial and biaxial in-plane static loads. The Mindlin Plate Theory (MPT), which considers the first-order shear deformation effect, is used to extract the characteristic equations of the plates under in-plane loading, including plate-foundation interaction. The buckling problem of the laminated plates is analyzed by the Rayleigh–Ritz method. The aim of optimization is to maximize the buckling load and post-buckling load capacity by using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) method, and the design variable is the ply orientation. The results showed that the optimal orientation, θ, of the laminated square plate under biaxial in-plane loading with various conditions is 〖45〗^∘ approximately. The existence of a foundation, clamped boundary conditions, and high aspect ratio lead to increase the optimal orientation.

Today, combined learning along with traditional education has special role in medical universities. But its impact on factors such as creativity and spiritual intelligence needs further investigation. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the mediating role of spiritual intelligence on the quality of combined learning and creativity from students views in Zanjan University of Medical Sciences in the academic year of 2018-2019.

This is a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population consist of all professional doctoral students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (N=960) who had benefited from combined education in the academic year of 1997-98. The sample size was estimated to be 275 people using Morgan table and students were entered into the study by simple random method. Data collection tools included questionnaires on the quality of the course Guinness combined learning, Abedichr('39')s creativity and Kingchr('39')s spiritual intelligence (SISRI). Pearson correlation and multiple regression tests were used to analyze the data through SPSS and Baron and Kenny four-step method was used to determine the mediating role.

The results showed that there was a significant relationship between studentschr('39') perceptions of the quality of the combined learning course with creativity (r=0.34) and spiritual intelligence (r=0.39) (P= 0.001). There was also a significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and creativity (r=0.38) (P<0.001). Examining the mediating role of spiritual intelligence and its components also showed that this variable has a partial and moderating mediating role in relation to studentschr('39') views on the quality of the combined learning course and creativity.

According to the results, it can be said that there is a positive and direct relationship between studentschr('39') views of the quality of the combined learning course and their creativity, also spiritual intelligence was  able  to affect relation between the two variables partially.

Scientific uncertainties make the grade estimation very complicated and important in the metallic ore deposits. This paper introduces a new hybrid method for estimating the iron ore grade using a combination of two artificial intelligence methods; it is based on the single layer-extreme learning machine and the particle swarm optimization approaches, and is designed based on the location of the boreholes, depth of the boreholes, and drill hole information from an orebody, and applied for the ore grade estimation on the basis of a block model. In this work, the two algorithms of optimization clustering and neural networks are used for the iron grade estimation in the Choghart iron ore north anomaly in the central Iran. The results of the training and testing the algorithms indicate a significant ability of the optimized neural network system in the ore grade estimation.

In this research, novel vitamin E loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) and Lipid Nanocapsules (LNCs) were produced and their physicochemical properties were characterized. The optimum ratio of liquid to solid lipid and vitamin to total formulations were determined. Particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and encapsulation load of optimum formulations were evaluated. Optimized formulations had encapsulation efficiencies of 95 and 99% for NLC and LNC, respectively. X-ray diffraction results indicated a new crystalline lattice with lower degree of crystallinity for vitamin E nanocarriers in comparison to bulk fats because of curvature effects. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy showed that there were no adverse reactions between vitamin E and lipids. Release profile and kinetic modeling were investigated in gastrointestinal media that showed developed nanocarriers can protect vitamin E against acidic condition by decreasing its release in gastric media (release percentage of 29 and 4% for NLC and LNC in gastric media, respectively). Milk was fortified with vitamin E loaded nanocarriers and its sensory evaluation indicated their potential application for production of functional food.

This paper presents the results of experimental and numerical study on a proposed exterior semi-precast moment-resisting concrete connection. Steel linkage element connects precast concrete beam to column in two cases of bolted and welded connections. These connections were compared to monolithic connection based on stiffness, strength, energy dissipation capacity and ductility factor. An accurate 3D nonlinear finite element model has been simulated to study the behavior of these connections. A good agreement was observed between numerical results and experimental ones in behavior and damage mode. Although, all samples satisfied all the code criteria, but the trend of failure in bolted and welded connection was observed on the weld and bolts area, at the connection zone between beam and steel linkage. However, in monolithic connection, the yielding was observed in rebars and crushing of concrete at the end of beam. The initial stiffness of bolted and welded connection specimen was less than that of monolithic connection specimen. But, the beam moment capacity factors of these samples were a little more than monolithic sample; so, the ductility factors of them were a little less than that of monolithic sample.

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of Microwave-Assisted Vacuum Evaporation (MAVE) and Microwave-Assisted Evaporation (MAE) techniques for production of barberry juice concentrate in comparison to the conventional evaporation techniques. The barberry juice was concentrated by two different methods (indirect heating and the microwave evaporation under pressures of 100 and 30 kPa) to reach 60 °Brix. The results showed that the evaporation rates of MAVE and MAE methods were, respectively, 48.86 and 48.27% higher than indirect heating. The minimum changes in color parameters of barberry juice concentrate (L*, a*, b*, ΔE) were observed for vacuum-microwave evaporation. In addition, applying this method could better preserve anthocyanin content, antioxidant activity, and total phenol content of barberry juice compared to the conventional method.

Alzheimerchr('39')s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease which is marked by impaired cholinergic function and decreased nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChRs) density. nAChRs are important mediators of cholinergic signaling in modulation of learning and memory function. In Alzheimer hippocampus is particularly vulnerable to specific degenerative processes and neuronal death that mediate cognitive dysfunction. Thus, the aim of present study was to examine the effect of swimming on percentage of cell death and α7nAChR gene expression in brain of Alzheimerchr('39')s disease rat model.

In this experimental study, 32 Vistar male rats were allocated into 4 groups: sham (Sh), Alzheimer (A), Alzheimer-training (AT), healthy-training (T). Alzheimerchr('39')s model was induced by injection of Aβ1-42 into the CA3 hippocampus region and the rats in the training groups were submitted to swimming (30 min/day for a period of 3 weeks). To determine Alzheimerchr('39')s model, α7nAChR gene expression rate and cell death, immunofluorescence, Real Time PCR and crystal violet were used. Independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test were used for data analysis.

The results of this study indicated that Alzheimer significantly reduced α7nAChR gene expression in the rat hippocampus (p<0.05); While exercise improved the expression of reduced α7nAChR gene in Alzheimerchr('39')s rats and the percentage of Alzheimer’s-induced cell death (p<0.05).

Exercise is probably useful for prevention of cell death and reduced α7nAChR gene expression rate in Alzheimer’s rat.

This paper presents an experimental study of steel plate shear wall in the concrete moment frame. This study was based on the idea of using steel plate shear walls in precast concrete structures. The steel plate shear wall was bolted to the embedded plates in concrete boundary elements. These plates were embedded at specified intervals, and friction connection was used for the bolted connections. Semi-static cyclic loading was applied to three different specimens according to ACI T1.1-01 code. Lateral load was applied to the top of specimens. The formation of tension field and buckling waves expressed the required behavior of steel shear walls and, also, good performance of connection scheme. In order to illustrate the effects of adding steel shear plate wall to a concrete frame, one of the specimens was considered to be a bare frame. The results showed the placing of steel shear plate wall in the concrete frame, multiplied loading capacity, initial stiffness, dissipated energy, and equivalent damping of the bare frame by three, eight, twelve, and four, respectively. Horizontal and vertical stiffeners decreased the effects of openings. As diagonal opening with horizontal and vertical stiffeners kept initial stiffness the same and increased dissipated energy and equivalent damping by about 15\%; however, the lateral capacity decreased by 7\%. The results of the strain gauge showed that yielding initiated at a 0.4\% drift level. For the simple steel plate shear wall, the yielding started from corners; for the specimen with openings and stiffeners, it started from the bottom solid panel connected to beam and, also, edges of openings. The stress intensity of the bottom solid panel was more than the rest. Moreover, the steel plate initiated tearing at a drift level of 1.75\%. According to the strain gauge results, embedded corners plates were critical; however, all of them remained elastic. Moreover, it could be said that dissipated energy was obtained from steel plate shear wall. Small bending and shear cracks occurred at the beam-column connection. All of the specimens failed given hinge supports of columns.