m. mohammadzadeh

Dietary patterns may play a role in development of lung cancer; however, study in the Middle Eastern is limited. This study aimed to investigate associations between dietary patterns and lung cancer risks in the region, addressing this study gap.

A hospital-based case-control study was carried out in two prominent general hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The study included 135 verified lung cancer cases identified through pathological and computed tomography scans and 237 control subjects free from non-neoplastic conditions and chronic diet-linked diseases. Dietary data were collected using 147-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess associations between dietary patterns and lung cancer risks.

Two distinct dietary patterns, classified as unhealthy and healthy, emerged from the analysis. After adjusting for confounders, unhealthy dietary pattern was significantly associated with increased risks of lung cancer (OR = 3.95, 95% CI = 2.06–7.85). In contrast, a higher adherence to the healthy dietary patterns was negatively associated to lung cancer risks (OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.14–0.45).

This study highlights detrimental effects of an unhealthy dietary pattern on lung cancer risks, while emphasizing protective effects of a healthy dietary pattern. These findings underscore importance of dietary interventions in lung-cancer prevention strategies.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles have been attention due to their biocompatibility, mechanical strength, photocatalytic properties, and affordability. In this research, green synthesis and optimization of the synthesis parameters of titanium dioxide nanoparticles by means of aloe vera extract were investigated. The synthesis parameters include the concentration of titanium dioxide precursor, solvent (deionized water), and aloe vera extract. Upon synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles, a range of techniques were employed to characterize the resultant structure. These tests include X-ray diffraction, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, zeta potential, scanning electron microscope, and X-ray energy dispersive analysis. The results showed that the synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles were formed in the crystalline phase of anatase. Also, according to the SEM images, titanium dioxide nanoparticles were spherical in shape with the size range of 31 ± 5 nm. The results of the ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy showed that all samples were in the ultraviolet and visible light ranges. The optimal sample of synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles was selected after accomplishment of the characterization tests. Cytotoxicity test was performed on fibroblast cells (L929) for 24 hours to investigate the biological performance of the optimized titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The results revealed the non-cytotoxic nature of titanium dioxide nanoparticles, further confirming their potential for medical applications.

This research has been carried out with the aim of evaluating the energy, economic and environmental performance of selected countries that export energy resources with the integrated approach of data envelopment analysis (DEA) and game theory. The methodology of this research, including super-efficiency and cross-efficiency methods have also been used to rank efficient countries before the cooperation phase. Then, in the cooperation phase, each country is investigated using the method of cooperative games theory and Shapley's value. The resulting model was implemented and the rank of the efficient countries was compared with each other in the super-efficiency and cross-efficiency method (before cooperation) and the Shapley’s value method (after cooperation). The results showed that Qatar and Yemen have the highest, Lebanon and Jordan the lowest energy efficiency; Kuwait, Qatar and Turkmenistan have the highest economic efficiency, Iran and Turkey have the lowest economic efficiency; UAE and Qatar have the highest, Iran and Jordan the lowest environmental efficiency.

Rural development is one of the important priorities of the macro-development plan, especially in developing countries. In order to achieve it, rural businesses are considered as the most important element of the rural economy and a tool for economic and social growth. Rural businesses cause the villagers to stay in the village, create jobs, and reduce unemployment. Increasing income and productivity, revitalizing traditional jobs, etc. are the other impacts of rural businesses. In this regard, the current research was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the influential components in setting up rural businesses. The statistical population consisted of 133 experts in the field of rural business in Urmia County. Based on the table of Krejcie and Morgan, 97 cases were selected as a statistical sample. The data collection was based on a questionnaire containing the components extracted from the review of the research background in the form of a pairwise comparison matrix. To analyze the data, a network analysis method based on Dimtel approach was used. The results showed that the most effective variables for rural business were “availability of raw materials”, “appropriate financing”, “existence of suitable environmental conditions”, “governmental supportive policies”, “investment security”, and “innovation and creativity”. According to the findings form investigation of mutual and intra-network effects between the variables and indicators of stablishing a rural business, priority should be given to socio-cultural, economic, institutional, and natural indices, respectively. Therefore, it is suggested to give priority to the areas of creating self-confidence, creative thinking, and empowerment of villagers through proper training. Effective measures such as tax exemptions, granting banking facilities, etc. should be taken to increase savings and investment power of villagers in rural businesses. Physical, communication, and public infrastructures should also be provided for the villagers. Finally, the natural conditions governing the region should be taken into account in order to use the resources properly.

Zinc plant filter cake contains valuable metals that can be reused as a source for obtaining these metals. This study describes an experimental two stage study on the extraction of zinc and nickel from waste zinc filter cake which includes acid leaching of zinc filter cake followed by organic phase aided extraction of metals from the leaching solution. To determine the optimum leaching condition a comprehensive study of the recovery of chemical elements from spent plant residues was experimentally studied at different levels of acid concentrations at different temperatures while measuring chemical elements concentration with respect to time. Experimental results showed that 99% recovery of Ni2+, Zn2+ and 89% recovery of Pb2+ can be achieved at following optimum conditions: 2M nitric acid, T= 358.15 K after 1.5 h of acid leaching at S/L=1/10. Then, the extraction of Zn2+, Ni2+, and Pb2+ was carried out by di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) that was diluted with kerosene in equal phase ratio and the effect of extractant concentration and pH was studied at T = 298.15 K. Results showed that an increase in pH and extractant concentration can greatly increase zinc and nickel extraction to a maximum achievable amount of 95% and 90 % for Zn2+ and Ni2+, respectively by 25 (v/v%) D2EHPA at pH = 5.5 and organic to aqueous phase ratio (O/A) = 1/1. For modeling of equilibrium concentrations in organic and aqueous phases and activity coefficients calculation, Electrolyte-UNIQUAC-NRF, UNIQUAC-NRF, NRTL and NRTL-based local composition models were used. After that, adjusted parameters were successfully used for calculation of the equilibrium constant of the unknown parameters and the extraction reaction. The obtained results of thermodynamic modeling were in well agreement with the experimental data.

Baha' al-Din Muhammad Ameli, known as Sheikh Baha'i (953-1030 AH), is one of the most virtuous scholars of the Safavid period, who wrote poems in Persian and Arabic. In this article, with a stylistic approach, his Persian and Arabic poems are analyzed in a comparative way in terms of structure and content.

The collection of research data has been done in a library manner, and the research findings are written in a descriptive and analytical way. The statistical population includes Sheikh Baha'i's Diwan and his Arabic poems, which were published in Al-Kashkul and various books.

gs: Sheikh Baha'i's Persian poems are simple and without language difficulties, and in Arabic poetry, he wrote simple poems according to Arabic Morph syntax. Macaronic language, the use of Arabic prosody, the use of Arabic words is some of the influences of the Arabic language that can be seen in his Persian poetry. In the comparative comparison, there are similarities in the structure and content of both his poems. There are many types of repetition in the form of puns, Alliteration, repetition of words, sentences rejection and reverse, similes, metaphors, Quranic Allusion, contrasts, allusions, Metonymy, in the rhetorical structure. And in the content, he pays attention to mystical, religious, educational, and lyrical themes, mysticism and religion are the main motifs of his poems. Love for God, Rogue and Qalandari, description of wine, condemnation of the hypocrisy of ascetics, attention to religiosity, advice to religion, seeking the infallible imams, seeking intercession from the imams are the main content in mystical and religious trends. And he has written the educational content with the elements of religion and mysticism. A small part of his poems is lyrical, which is more in Arabic poems than in Persian.

Sheikh Bahāyi is a bilingual poet who wrote to Persian poetry and poetry in Arabic, which was his First language, In the comparative comparison of his poetry, there are stylistic similarities in the linguistic structure, rhetoric and content. He has written poetry in Persian and Arabic with a simple language, common rhetoric of literature and common mystical and religious thought.

This study investigated the influence of land-use change on soil quality in the Alandan area of Sari, with five different types of land-uses, namely pure beech stand and destructed forest stand, ash plantation, pine plantation, and arable land. Soil samples were taken from a soil depth of 0-10cm, using six plots (20×20m) in each site, which were selected by random systematic sampling network (50×100 m). The different physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of soil were measured in the laboratory. To calculate the soil quality index, characteristics such as field capacity, bulk density, geometric mean diameter, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus availability, total nitrogen, ammonium, nitrogen microbial biomass and urease, acid phosphatase, and invertase enzyme were selected as the minimum data set by principal component analysis. In this study, additive and weighted indices were used to evaluate soil quality. The results showed that the higher amount of both additive and weighted index of soil quality were observed in ash plantation (0.76, 0.25), and their lowest amount was found in pine plantation (0.58, 0.16) and arable land (0.54, 0.15), respectively. It should be noted that the weighted index of soil quality in ash plantations was significantly higher than in different pine plantations and arable land. Also, the results of this study confirm that rehabilitation of degraded forests using coniferous species, which has led to a decrease in soil quality, such as soil condition in agricultural land, is not recommended.

Arasbaran region, in East Azarbaijan province, has many poets in whose poetry several motifs are repeated in different periods. In this article, with the aim of introducing the literature of this region and a general look at the place of poetry in it, the motifs and themes of the Persian poems of six of its poets from the return period until today have been examined.

The collection of information has been done by the library method and the method of writing the article is descriptive-analytical. The statistical community of the research includes the Persian poems of seven poets of Arasbaran region, Abolqasem Nabati, Abbas Barez, Salek Ahari Tabrizi, Morteza Mousavi, Imam Virdi Samani, Ismail Soltani and Hossein Doosti.

Lyrical, mystical, moral, and religious themes are among the motifs and themes of classical Persian literature, and social themes, patriotic poems, Islamic revolution, and holy defense are among the contemporary themes in the poetry of the poets of the region. In lyric poetry, there is a traditional view of love and the beloved. In addition to the motif of love, themes of sadness and pride are repeated. In the mystical and moral poetry, according to romantic mysticism, there are themes of Randy, Qalandari, criticism of hypocritical asceticism, condemnation of the world and advice on moral standards. In the motif of religion, the moqbat of the pure Imams, especially the manqebat of Imam Ali has found a stylistic feature. In social poetry, there is a criticism of the Pahlavi society, a description of oppression and tyranny, poverty and social disorder. The description of the homeland, the praise of the birthplace, the region of Arasbaran, the description of the Islamic revolution, the praise of Imam Khomeini (RA), the condemnation of the enemies, and the description of the martyr are some of the revolutionary poems of these poets.

In the poetry of Arasbaran region, classical and contemporary themes are repeated with lyrical, religious, mystical, educational and Islamic revolution motifs and themes. Arasbaran poets have turned to new themes along with the changes in themes in contemporary poetry, but they still pay attention to the motifs of classical poetry.

Autism is a disorder characterized by anxiety, impairment in memory, and pain. Camel milk has antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to determine the effect of camel milk on pain, anxiety, and spatial memory in male offspring of female model rats induced via valproic acid.

In an experimental study, female Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally valproic acid (500 mg/kg) on day 12.5 of gestation. Then, male offspring were divided into five groups (n=6) including Naïve, risperidone, raw camel milk + risperidone, pasteurized camel milk + risperidone, and valproic acid. In the treatment phase, risperidone was injected at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg, and camel milk was given 10 ml/kg daily for 42 days with a gavage needle on the 35th day after the birth. Pain response, anxiety test, and spatial memory were measured before treatment on days 30 to 35 and also after completion of treatment on days 77-84. Data were analyzed using one-way and two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison tests

After receiving valproic acid and birth of offspring, there was a significant difference in pain response, anxiety, and spatial learning and memory between the naïve group compared to the entire groups after 42 days of treatment (p <0.05, p <0.01). P <0.001, respectively). Response to pain and anxiety decreased after receiving camel milk. Also, there was a significant difference between raw camel milk + risperidone and risperidone group in pain response test and platform finding time in spatial memory test (p <0.05).

With the improvement of autism symptoms such as anxiety, memory impairment and learning, camel milk can probably be recommended as a suitable dietary supplement for autistic patients.

From the very beginning, Christianity, as the divine religion, opposed the mysterious and blasphemous mirrors of its age based on bloodshed and pleasure, demanding the return of all to the one God. The resurrection and return to divine justice finally brought death to Christ on the cross. Christ welcomed it and, by sacrificing his body, caused the sins of the human race to be forgiven from the beginning. By the resurrection, he hoped the path of forgiveness continues. He revived the heart of his nation. Most of Christ's audience was illiterate, and on the other hand, the religion of Christ faced many difficulties and oppositions from the beginning. Many of these motifs have been used on church wall surfaces to sanctify places and teach religious teachings to believers. The Church of the Holy Stephen is located in the Aras Free Zone, 6 km from the village of Darreh Sham, 15 km west of the city of Julfa, in a place called Ghezel Vanak (Red Monastery) in East Azerbaijan Province. The church was built on the banks of the Aras River on a hillside called Maghard, which is why it is mentioned in Armenian written sources as "Deir Maghard". St. Stephen is one of the seven pious people who were ordained by the apostles of Jesus Christ and became missionaries of Christianity. Stephen is mentioned as the first martyr of Christianity in the Old Testament. The Jews of Jerusalem accused him of speaking against the Jewish law, arresting and stoning Stephen. In Christian symbolism, the church building has different meanings. Its original meaning is the house of God, but in some cases it has been compared to the lifeless body of Christ on the cross. The sacred building is primarily the image of Christ as the essence of divinity manifested in this soil, and in fact the plan of the cathedral is like the image of Christ crucified. Symbolic images served as a way to hide and spread Christian holiness. St. Stephen's Church in Julfa, Tabriz, is one of the buildings whose maximum external and internal surfaces are decorated and sanctified with various decorations. The exterior and interior surfaces of this beautiful and magnificent building are covered and decorated with various reliefs, paintings and sculptures. The interior walls are decorated with plaster painting techniques, and the exterior and exterior walls of the church are decorated with a variety of reliefs and small sculptures. Exterior wall motifs and decorations include written inscriptions, small sculptures of sacred animals and birds, various crosses, abstract inscriptions, and human motifs. The face of Christ is explicitly and symbolically depicted in four main directions on the outer walls in human reliefs and is painted several times inside the main church, but the face of Stephen is explicitly depicted in only one inscription, in which the last moments of Stephen's life are the time of the stone. His starling is depicted. The abundance of reliefs and beautiful decorations of this building engages the mind of the viewer and keeps the main inscriptions of two colors, however, with a careful examination, five inscriptions can be separated from the other reliefs. These inscriptions are approximately equal in height on the walls on all four sides of the church in four main directions. These inscriptions are very similar in terms of form and content, and their virtual arrangement correctly and in line with each other evokes a single meaning and formally resembles a cross hidden from the minds and eyes of viewers. Among many decorations, several inscriptions similar to the church's icons, with a specific composition and distance, are placed on the church's outer walls in four main directions. By virtually connecting these inscriptions, a unique and meaningful form is formed, forming a cross in form and having a lot of semantic connection and entanglement in terms of content. The horizontal axis of the virtual cross consists of two inscriptions. The first inscription is symbolically drawn at the end of the southern part of the horizontal axis of the cross with the theme of the election of Christ as the chosen one and sitting on the throne. The second inscription is drawn at the northern end of the horizontal axis of the cross with the theme of Christ's resurrection. The vertical axis of the virtual cross consists of three inscriptions, two of which are the testimony of the enemies, the crucifixion of Christ and the stoning of St. Stephen, and the other one is the salvation of Christ. These inscriptions were created under the influence of common sacred icons in the church.
These few inscriptions are secretly installed among the wall decorations of the church, specifically in connection with each other and with a predetermined intention. This cryptography and secrecy of the cross through inscriptions among the multitude of reliefs necessitates this research to analyze and study its form and content and is the main issue of the present study. Accordingly, first, the meanings of the symbols in the inscriptions were analyzed, then the analysis of these inscriptions is based on intertextual views from Gerard Genet's point of view in order to read the relationships between the inscriptions in terms of form and content relationship to confirm the form of the virtual cross. Any relationship that is formed based on co-presence between two or more texts is called intertextuality. Intertextuality is formed when two texts have a single element or elements. The presence of one element of a text in another text or the presence of several elements of one text in another text or the presence of several elements of several texts in a specific text is the main type of intertextuality. Genet intertextuality is divided into two major categories (1- explicit and explicit 2- implicit and hidden). In explicit and explicit context, the author does not hide the reference of his text and the elements of the first text are seen and identified quite clearly in the second text. Implicit and implicit intertext indicates the secret presence of one text in another. In this type of intertextuality, the second text is influenced by the pre-texts and places elements of it in its heart that remains hidden from the viewers' mind and eyes. Implicit intertextuality, unlike explicit intertextuality, does not disclose its reference and tries to conceal it.
This research is considered qualitative, and the method of data collection in this research is library studies, field research through objective observation. The research method is descriptive and analytical and seeks to answer the following questions: 1- Is the selection, composition, arrangement, and concealment of these inscriptions conscious? And does their virtual connection to each other form a virtual cross in terms of form? 2- What is the relationship between these inscriptions in terms of form and content, and is this conscious choice made in the cross's horizontal and vertical axes? In terms of content, do they emphasize the formation of a virtual cross? The hidden cross in the heart of the church, using five inscriptions in the four directions of the church, is installed on the church's walls, which depicts the theme of the life and salvation of Christ and finally St. Stephen. This research studied and analyzed the placement of each of these inscriptions, the relationship between them, and the symbolism of their elements. The symbolism of the elements was done using religious sources and the analysis of the relationships between the inscriptions was done using Jargent's intertextual theory. The main direction is the formation of a virtual cross. Further, according to the symbolic meaning of each of the inscriptions, in the horizontal and vertical axes of the cross, separately and together, and in the whole virtual cross set, the secrecy and structure of the cross are considerably conscious.

To investigate the effects of sex and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seed powder on the growth performance, immune response, and intestinal microflora and morphology of broilers, a factorial experiment was conducted with 240 one-day-old broilers (strain Ross308, 120 males and 120 females) in a completely randomized design with three levels of fenugreek seed powder (zero, 0.5, and 1 %) and two sex (male and female) with four replications and 10 birds per replicate. The results showed that the body weight gain, feed intake, European efficiency factor, and intestinal Lactobacillus bacteria population were higher in the males than the females (P<0.05). The main effects of fenugreek seed powder and sex showed that the length and villi width and villus length to crypt depth ratio were higher in the intestine of chickens fed with the diet containing 1% fenugreek than the control and in the males than the females (P<0.05). The interactions showed that the length and villi width and villus length to crypt depth ratio were lower in the intestines of males fed with the control diet compared to the other groups (P<0.05). The antibody titer against the sheep red blood cells in the serum of chickens fed with the diet containing 1% fenugreek was higher than the control (P<0.05). In general, the results showed that adding 1% fenugreek seed powder to the broilers diet had beneficial effects and could improve the intestinal morphology and immune response.

Today, video games have a special place among entertainment. In this article, we have developed an interactive video game for mobile devices. In this game, the user can control the game’s character by his face and hand gestures. Cascading classifiers along with Haar-like features and local binary patterns are used for hand gesture recognition and face detection. The game’s character moves according to the current hand and face state received from the frontal camera. Various ideas are used to achieve the appropriate accuracy and speed. Unity 3D and OpenCV for Unity are employed to design and implement the video game. The programming language is C#. This game is written in C# and developed for both Windows and Android operating systems. Experiments show an accuracy of 86.4% in the detection of five gestures. It also has an acceptable frame rate and can run at 11 fps and 8 fps in Windows and Android respectively.

Due to the world increasing energy demands, optimizing the drilling system parameters such as the weight on bit (WOB), and the structure of drill string and bit, also vibrations and dynamic behavior of drill strings are of significant interest to researchers and energy industries. Specially, to overcome limitations of drilling operations in oil and gas industry, composite drill strings as high-tech devices are under development. In this research, the fully coupled non-linear axial vibrations of composite drill strings due to the interaction of two common bits namely; Roller Cone (RC) and Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) with rock, considering the major non-linear terms, the drill string-wellbore contact, the different weight on bit (WOB) and the different composite configurations using the finite element method (FEM) and the Lagrangian approach were studied. This study proved that the different configurations of composite drill strings showed specific dynamic behavior at different conditions. Therefore, composite drill string can be designed for particular purposes. Also, the results imply the remarkable effects of weight on bit (WOB) and type of bits on the axial vibrations of composite drill strings.

The connection between Persian painting and Persian literature is an unbreakable bond. Throughout the visual history of Iran, Iranian painting and Persian literature have had an inseparable connection and have always been existed in each other's fields. The unique capabilities of Allusion makes it widely used in language and literature. Reasons for using sarcasm include "informing too much of power", "cleverly testing the audience”, "abandoning the word to what is more beautiful”, "doing the right thing”, "intent on rhetoric”, "exaggerating intentions in praise or admiration”. "Awareness of the consequences", "brevity", "expressing a sentence whose meaning is contrary to its appearance", "presenting abstract concepts in a tangible form", "due to fear", "contempt and bowing" and "proving argument and claim". Allusion is the expression of something and receiving something else, that is, the combination of words or sentences that, instead of the apparent meaning, are meant to be one of the means of meaning. For example, the Allusion is, "Someone's door is open" indicates that person's generosity. Because it is necessary for a person to be generous, for the door of his house to be open to the people. Allusion, is hidden in speech, so that a word is given and its unreal meaning is meant, so that the true meaning can also be used. The consistency of imagery in Persian painting and Persian literature also represents this link. The problem is that in some of the pictures, we see the special techniques of imaging the painter, relying on this Allusion Structure. The aim is to determine how Persian literature is present in Iranian painting and then to determine which artist used the Allusion Structure on the pictures. The question is how does the Iranian painter enrich the image of Iranian painting through styles? The hypothesis is that the Iranian painter has known and used the imagery in his paintings. A collection of paintings by various Iranian painting schools was collected and reviewed. This paper conducted by descriptive-analytical and comparative methods. Iranian painting, is the product of the interaction of the master of two pens (vegetal and animal - text and image) that produced in libraries. In this production line, the three components of the painter, the painter, and the painter's technical action on the painting, in a calculated connection, created the painting. The presence of literature in Iranian painting, as far as the painter is concerned, is that sometimes, Persian literature mediated by his connection with mysticism, and the painter's mind seeks unity with the author of the text. In terms of Manuscript, it is the internal connection between text and image that sometimes represented by the contrast between external and internal matter in literature and mysticism. Painting materials were also composed of lyrical and epic poems, as well as emotions, and psychological aspects of the painting, indirectly and by signs. The play of sarcastic style was one of the most important works of Iranian painter's illustration, which was applied in two ways in the form of technical action: In the first way, the painter uses the same allusions that the poet or writer used in the literary text and illustrates them. In the second way, the painter, in order to enrich the illustration of the text, based on his ability and level of knowledge of the expressive abilities of the Allusion style, referred to the great treasure of Persian literature and chose from this boundless ocean the allusions that were appropriate to the literary text. it was placed in the picture. As in some of the paintings, "being an umbrella" and "spreading the shadow" for the king, the "Allusion of the adjective" and the "touching" of the old woman, the "finger-pointing" of the palace and the "tearing of the boy's chest" "Allusion of the verb" and "handcuffs", which are "Allusion of the character", have been used to enrich the image. It is obvious that the function of Allusion in Iranian painting is not limited to these paintings and schools. This necessitates the conduct of other studies in which one can examine separately the function of Allusion in each school. The type of identification of Mongolian, Chinese, Arabic, and Persian languages ​​used in Iranian painting can open new doors to Iranian painting and show the extent of its effects in other languages.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have very promising applications for inhibition of microbial growth. The aim of this study is investigation and comparison of the effect of temperature and acidity on antimicrobial activities of pristine Multiwalled Carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Multiwalled Carbon nanotubes-Arginine (MWCNTs-Arg). Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were calculated in range of temperature (25, 37 and 42 ºC) and pH (4.2, 7.2, and 10) on Staphylococcus aureus. The results approved that pristine and functionalized MWCNTs have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against examined pathogen. Between these agents, MWCNTs-Arg and pristine MWCNTs and have the highest inhibitory activity on microbial growth, respectively. The MBC value of MWCNTs was improved by amino acid functionalization. The optimal pH for antimicrobial activity of pristine MWCNTs and MWCNTs-Arg are 4.2 and 7.2 and optimal temperatures are 42 ºC and 42 ºC, respectively. There is no change on optimal temperature of MWCNTs by this functionalization, but functionalization of MWCNTs by Arg enhanced its antimicrobial activity and led to change of optimal pH of MWCNTs for antimicrobial activity. This changes lead to suitable improvement of antimicrobial activity in neutral and biological pH.

In the current study, using different radiobiological models, tumor control probability (TCP) and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) of radiotherapy plans were calculated for three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) of prostate cancer.Methods and Materials: 10 prostate plans were randomly selected among patients undergoing radiation therapy of prostate cancer. For each patient, 3D-CRT and IMRT plans were designed to deliver, on average 76 Gy and 82 Gy to planning target volume, respectively. Using different radiobiological models including Poisson, equivalent uniform dose (EUD) and Lyman-Kutcher-Burman (LKB), TCP and NTCP were calculated for prostate and critical organs including bladder, rectum and femoral heads. IMRT plans provided significantly lower NTCP for bladder, rectum and femoral heads using LKB and EUD models (p-value <0.05). The EUD-calculated TCP for prostate cancer revealed no considerable improvement for IMRT plans relative to 3D-CRT plans. However, the TCPs calculated by Poisson model were dependent on α/β, and higher TCP for IMRT relative to 3D-CRT was seen for α/β higher than 5. It can be concluded that IMRT plans were superior to 3D-CRT plans in terms of estimated NTCP for studied critical organs. On the other hand, different mathematical models provided different quantitative outcome for TCP of prostate cancer plans. More clinical studies are suggested to confirm the accuracy of studied radiobiological models.

Disregarding the degraded ecosystems, especially the regional rivers, threatens biodiversity in the Caspian Sea basin. The purpose of this study is to promote the co-ordination of research, implementation, promotion and education on the conservation of natural reproduction of Caspian Sea fish in the Kheirud River. This study was conducted in the Kheirud River in the years 2017-2018 as a model site from September 2017 in one year. The Kheirud River with a latitude of 51 ° 34 ° 51 and a latitude of 40 ° 37 ° 36 are divided into three upper parts of the hands, the middle section and the lower part. In this survey, 15,000 Rutilus kutum breeder entered the river, which female numbers were of at least 5000-3000. On average, the capacity of 10 million larvae (7.5-7.5 million) from natural reproduction entered the production chain. The penetration rate of the river reached about 0 to 7.5 million larvae. More than 70 fishermen were covered by this study, with a penetration rate of from 0 to 3.5%. More than 450 women and 500 students and teenagers were covered by this study and their penetration rate in this region was estimated at 30% and 16%, respectively. With this view, and in light of the experience gained from the present study, the importance of the greater participation of the public and the public in the pursuit of the goals of similar studies becomes more eviden

To investigate the spatial error correlation in panel regression models, various statistical hypothesizes and testings have been proposed. This paper, within introduction to spatial panel data regression model, existence of spatial error correlation and random effects is investigated by a joint Lagrange Multiplier test, which simultaneously tests their existence. For this purpose, joint Lagrange Multiplier test statistic and its asymptotic distribution is introduced. A simulation study is performed for considering the size and power of the test this test for joint hypothesizes. Then the application of this test is shown with investigating spatial errors correlation and random effects in data of agricultural product exports of ECO member states. Finally, discussion and conclusion are given.

Nowadays, rising of cancer prevalence has increased the importance of its treatment. Leukemia is the cancer of blood-forming tissues which derives from red and white blood progenitors cells. Prednisolone (Family members of glucocorticoid drugs) with anti-tumor and apoptotic effects has been considered by many researchers.

The aim of this study was the investigation of the effect of prednisolone on K562 cell line.

First, The K562 cells were cultured. After, by using different concentrations of prednisolone, anti-tumor properties of this drug on K562 cells was measured by MTT assay after 72 hours. Finally, Hoechst (33342) staining and DNA electrophoresis were used for study of apoptosis.  Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and ANOVA test (P<0.05).

In this study, anti-tumor effect of prednisolone on K562 leukemia cell line was confirmed. The results also showed that prednisolone, compared with the control group, had cytotoxic activity that is highest in 100µM at 72 hours.Statistical analysis indicated that this drug inhibited the growth of K562 cells (P < 0.05).

Based on the results, prednisolone is an effective agent for chronic myeloid leukemia therapy and prevention. We suggest that further studies on the effects of this drug on animal models and human be done.

Conflict of interest: None declared.

An important issue in survival data analysis is the identification of risk factors. Some of these factors are identifiable and explainable by presence of some covariates in the Cox proportional hazard model, while the others are unidentifiable or even immeasurable. Spatial correlation of censored survival data is one of these sources that are rarely considered in the literatures. In this paper, a spatial survival model is introduced to analyze such kinds of data. Then a simulation method is introduced to study the performance of Cox, frailty and spatial survival models for modeling spatially correlated survival data. Next, the proposed spatial survival model is used to model the time disease of Cercosporiose in olive trees. Finally, results and discussion are presented

Latent Gaussian models are flexible models that are applied in several statistical applications. When posterior marginals or full conditional distributions in hierarchical Bayesian inference from these models are not available in closed form, Markov chain Monte Carlo methods are implemented. The component dependence of the latent field usually causes increase in computational time and divergence of algorithms. In this paper, an integrated nested Laplace approximation is used to solve these problems, in which the Laplace approximation and the numerical integration methods are combined in an efficient way so that hard simulations are replaced by fast computation and accurate approximation. Finally the relationship between house price data, floor size, age, number of rooms, building frame, type of proprietorship and facilities such as electricity, landline, water, gas, central heating and cooling system, kitchen goods, bath and toilet are modeled by using spatial latent Gaussian models. The fitted model can be used for predicting the house price in Tehran city.

This paper considers logistic regression analysis with linked data. It is shown that، in logistic regression analysis with linked data، a finite mixture of Bernoulli distributions can be used for modeling the response variables. We proposed an iterative maximum likelihood estimator for the regression coefficients that takes the matching probabilities into account. Next، the Bayesian counterpart of the frequentist model is developed. Then، a simulation study is performed to check the applicability and performance of the proposed frequentist and Bayesian methodologies encountering mismatch errors.

Development of tourism in preserved areas has many advantages both for their management and for tourists. But we should consider that tourism activities can have negative effects on tourism experiences and tourist resorts qualities and characteristics in the absence of an appropriate planning and management and without determining the capacity and capability of the area. Therefore, determining suitable areas for expansion and development of tourism in preserved areas and national parks is crucially important for sustainable exploitation of natural resources. Golestan National Park, as one of the preserved areas, has many significant tourist attractions. This study used weighted linear method, AHP and GIS to determine suitable ecotourism sites in this area. The criteria used in this study included the distance to the river, to the road, to the village, to water sources, to wildlife habitat, and the distance to slope and vegetation densities. Finally, appropriate areas for ecotourism with different degrees of suitability were determined. According to the classification map, the regions with very high potential have the minimum area of 0.25% and the regions with the high potential have the maximum area of 12.5% of the total study area. The research results indicated that the AHP weighting method and WLC method has high applicability in tourism site selection studies.

In this paper, we consider the determination methods of maximum entropy multivariate distributions with given prior under the constraints, that the marginal distributions or the marginals and covariance matrix are prescribed. Next, some numerical solutions are considered for the cases of unavailable closed form of solutions. Finally, these methods are illustrated via some numerical examples.

When spatial data are realization of a Gaussian model with parametric mean and covariance functions, then the function of observations that minimizes mean square prediction error depends on some unknown parameters. Usually these parameters are replaced by their estimates to obtain the plug-in predictor. But, this method has some problems in estimation of the parameters and the optimality and mean square error of the spatial predictor. In this paper, the problems related to plug-in method are discussed and to avoid them, the Bayesian approach for spatial prediction is proposed. Then the Bayesian spatial prediction for Gaussian and Trans Gaussian models according to observations, that may contain noise, are derived. Next, in a simulation study, the adequacy of Bayesian prediction is compared with plug-in prediction. Finally, a numerical example illustrates the Bayesian spatial prediction of rainfall in a region at the north of Iran.