m. najafi

In semi-mechanized mines, about 35 kg of wood is consumed for each ton of extracted coal, and if the daily production of each stope is equal to 250 tons, its wood consumption will be 8.75 tons. In the same direction, in order to develop mines and increase coal production, semi-mechanized mining has been included in the production plan of companies to use hydraulic props (hydraulic props) to support the roof of the stope instead of using wood. Hydraulic props consist of a cylinder inside where a piston is placed, and by moving the piston inside the cylinder, different lengths are obtained for the prop. The opening and closing of the valve causes the fluid to move between the internal and external parts, lowering and stopping the base according to the load from the roof. This valve is set so that the base can be fixed under different loads. The main goal of this research is to design hydraulic props in order to support the roof of the long working front stope of Memradco coal mine No. 5. In this research, FLAC3D software has been used. For this purpose, different scenarios of 125 and 167 kN hydraulic props have been modeled. In total, 12 scenarios have been considered in three-dimensional (3D) modeling and 7 scenarios in two-dimensional (2D) modeling, considering a safety factor of 2.

The economic production quantity (EPQ) model considers the production rate, demand rate, setup costs, holding costs, and shortage costs to find the production quantity that minimizes the sum of these costs. The goal is to balance the costs associated with production, holding inventory, and potential shortages. In this paper, two objectives include the costs of production and ordering and others in a separate objective function. In the objectives of the other costs, The cost of storage space as a supply is defined to be minimized. This study considers scrap and reworks in the EPQ model. This inventory model accounts for many items on a single machine. The production capacity is reduced, and there are shortages when only one machine exists. By determining the quantities of the products produced by the manufacturing facility, the storage space for each product, cycle time, and product scarcity, we can reduce both the overall cost and the supply cost of warehouse space due to non-linearity and the inability to solve commercial software in large dimensions, a multi-objective meta-heuristic algorithm, namely the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II), is used. The findings are further validated using the non-dominated ranking genetic algorithm (NRGA). Also, the obtained Pareto front is studied with several indicators. To perform these two algorithms at the best condition, we employed the Taguchi approach and related orthogonal arrays and performed algorithms for each array considering several factors. Also, to validate the mathematical model, we used the augmented epsilon-constraint method executed in the GAMS environment. It is clear that GAMS commercial software yields better results; however, these two algorithms are justifiable when the problem becomes bigger. Finally, by performing a sensitivity analysis for these indicators and the objective functions, the behavior of the proposed algorithms is compared and examined in detail. Also, the superior algorithm is chosen using the TOPSIS as a multi-criteria decision-making method. Numerical examples show how the presented model and the proposed algorithms may be used efficiently. A surveying literature review clarifies that the related objective functions, constraints, and solution approaches have not been investigated until now.

In this paper, some thermophysical properties of light and heavy water will be predicted and modeled using the virial equation of state (VEOS), and the effect of isotopic substitution will be studied. In this respect, by fitting the experimental and theoretical data of the second virial coefficient of light and heavy water in the temperature range of 300 to 1800 K, a new equation will be presented, using which the thermodynamic properties of the aforementioned fluids will be predicted and . The results are compared with the experimental data to evaluate the model and the new equation of the second virial coefficient. The results show that this approach has a very good ability to predict the thermophysical properties of light and heavy water. It will also demonstrate that deuterium isotopic substitution reduces the attractive interaction between molecules, especially above the critical temperature, and this causes the difference in the thermodynamic properties of the two fluids. The calculations performed in the above temperatures and pressure range using viral coefficients to determine thermophysical properties of light and heavy water and also the investigation of the effect of isotopic substitution are novelties of this article.

Record values have many applications in reliability theory, such as the shock and minimal repairs models. In this regard, many works have been done based on records in the classical model. In this paper, the records are studied in the geometric random model. The concept of the mean residual of records is defined in the random record model and some of its properties are investigated in the geometric random record model. Then, it is shown that the parent distribution can be characterized by using the sequence of the mean residual of records in a geometric random model. Finally, the application of the characterization results to job search models in labor economics is mentioned.

Snake venoms are rich in valuable substances that have medical potential in the diagnosis and treatment of hemostatic diseases. The present paper was aimed at the purification and functional characterization basis of a thrombin-like enzyme and its role in the functioning of the coagulation cascade and platelet aggregation pathway. A thrombin-like serine protease was purified from the Iranian Echis carinatus venom (TLIECV), employing a one-step chromatographic procedure. This peptide was collected in high yield and purity by a single chromatographic step using RP-HPLC equipped with a C18 column. This peptide showed a 3000 Da molecular weight in gel-electrophoresis. Evidence in the SDS-PAGE gel has confirmed high recovery of fraction in optimal terms. Subsequently, this peptide was identified via its intact molecular mass and peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS). Multiple sequence alignments were performed by ClustalW, the Bioedit software. Molegro Data Modeller (MDM) 3.0 software was used to predict the putative tertiary structure of the peptide. The enzyme possessed fibrinogenolytic, procoagulant, and aggregation inducer properties. Moreover, the SDS-PAGE (12%) was applied to examine fibrinogenolytic function. The purified enzyme degraded the Aα chain of fibrinogen while the Bβ and γ chains were not digested. According to that, the deficient human plasma in factor X and normal human plasma were also coagulated by TLIECV, it takes part in the common and intrinsic routes of the coagulation cascade. These findings proved that TLIECV is a serine protease identical to procoagulant thrombin-like snake venom proteases; however, it specifically releases the Aα chain of bovine fibrinogen. Because of its function to make up for the deficiency of factor X and its platelet aggregation inducer property, TLIECV could be considered a molecular impact to reveal the hemostasis mechanisms.

The goal of the present paper is to gain an optimal intensity of ultrasound to achieve required pressure field generated by the collapsing bubble in blood to break down blood clots. Due to the direct relationship between the pressure caused by the collapse of bubbles caused by ultrasound and the intensity of the waves, determining the optimal intensity of the ultrasound is of great importance. For this purpose, the collapse pressure within the bubble has been calculated using Rayleigh–Plesset (RP) equation. Moreover, a coupling simulation of the flow and clot structure is performed using the full Navier-Stokes equations, which governs the blood domain, and linearized discrete equations for the clot medium to calculate the desired bubble collapsing pressure necessary to break down the clots, which has immense importance in medical applications. Using the obtained parameters for the minimum pressure pulse required to deform the clot and the ultrasound intensity required to create the minimum pressure, simulations have been performed and it has been shown that the clot’s shape changes when confronted with the the applied pressure which confirms the effectiveness of the proposed method.

There is a variety of items which should be taken into consideration by a regional market manager (RMM). Participants in the market, technical constraint, price variation/reaction, electricity-price uncertainty and types of the applied demand response program are some instances in this regard. One of the demand response programs is Emergency Demand Response Program (EDRP) which is considered in this paper. In the present study, the objective function of the RMM is formulated in a market environment in order to determine the optimal demand, incentive and power purchased with considering some of technical constraints such as incentive limits, demand limits, power purchased and power balance. Co-evolutionary Improved Teaching Learning-Based Optimization (C-ITLBO) is applied to maximize the RMM’s profit. Furthermore, determination of the demand level in the EDRP is performed on the basis of a logarithmic model which includes the price elasticity matrix (PEM) is included. The reserve supplied due to Aggregators (AGGs) is also prioritized using the reserve-margin factor (RMF). In addition, information-gap decision theory (IGDT) is applied to model uncertainty in the initial electricity price. The above mentioned items are modeled in a multi-level formulation.

Gender equality, as one of the factors affecting human development, indicates non-discrimination in terms of employment, education, health, social participation, etc. between women and men in the society. The purpose of this research was to investigate the level of development of Iran's provinces in terms of the degree of deprivation and gender advantage.

This retrospective research was conducted based on the results of the census of 2009 and 2019 in the provinces of Iran. The data of Iran's provinces regarding the type of settlement, population density (manpower), distance from the capital, level of human development and gross domestic index were extracted using a checklist from the statistical yearbooks of 2009 and 2019. The data were extracted using coefficient Pearson correlation and multivariate regression test were analyzed through SPSS 22 software.

Gender advantage and gender deprivation were correlated with the level of human development, distance from the capital, population density and type of settlement. Also, the level of human development, distance from the capital, population density and type of settlement in 2009 and 2019 significantly explained the variance of indicators of gender advantage and gender deprivation.

Human development indicators (type of settlement, population density, distance from the capital, level of human development) and gross domestic index have an effect on gender deprivation and gender advantage.

To increase and Join production in coal mining panels, predicting and determining the appropriate speed of these devices can greatly help the project implementation time and economics of designs. For this purpose, 1260 types of coal, cut by the coal mining machine were carried out in the E3 extraction panel of the Tabas mechanized mine. First, after recording the shearer speed of each cut, the information about gas flow was collected at three points along the total length of the panel. These three points include emitted methane gases as a percentage on sensor 88, the tailgate input sensor (TG), and the sensor embedded on the Armored face conveyor (AFC). Shearer speed was predicted with three models of linear and nonlinear multivariate regression (exponential and logarithmic). The results show that the multivariate linear regression model with a coefficient of determination R2=0.90 has a more accurate prediction than the other two methods using the linear multivariate regression model, the amount of shearer speed can be predicted with good accuracy. For this purpose, the genetic algorithm in MATLAB software has been used to optimize the speed of the shearer device. Determining the appropriate speed results show that cross diagrams based ‌on coefficient of determination (R2), according to Equations (logarithmic, exponential ‌and linear), linear ‌type ‌has a ‌higher coefficient of determination than other equations. Therefore, the best model is selected to determine the appropriate speed. Using the linear equation in the genetic algorithm, the extraction speed of the shearer machine was estimated to be 4.79 m/min.

The in-situ coal is converted to the synthetic gas in the process of underground coal gasification (UCG).  In order to increase the rate of in-situ coal combustion in the UCG process, the contact surfaces between the steam, heat, and coal fractures should be raised. Therefore, the number of secondary cracks should be increased by raising the heat and existing steam pressure during the process. This paper emphasises on the secondary crack growth mechanism of the pre-existing cracks in the coal samples under different loading conditions. Different geometric specifications such as the length of the pre-existing cracks (coal cleats) and their inclinations are considered. The numerical modeling results elucidate that the first crack growths are the wing cracks (also called the primary or tensile cracks) formed due to unbonding the tensile bonds between the particles in the assembly. Ultimately, these cracks may lead to the cleat coalescences. On the other hand, the secondary or shear cracks in the form of co-planar and oblique cracks may also be produced during the process of crack growth in the assembly. These cracks are formed due to the shear forces induced between the particles as the initial cleat length is increased and exceed the dimension of coal blocks. The cavity growth rate increases as the secondary cracks grow faster in the coal blocks. In order to achieve the optimum conditions, it is also observed that the best inclination angle of the initial coal cleat changes between 30 to 45 degrees with respect to the horizon for the coal samples with the elasto-brittle behavior.

By replacing hydrogen with deuterium in water molecules, the energy level of molecular bonds changes which cause different physical, chemical, nuclear, and biological properties. Owing to that, the Equation of State (EOS) is an important and appropriate tool for studying the thermophysical behavior of materials and predicting them in different conditions in terms of pressure, temperature, and volume. Due to the importance of heavy water and its role in various researches, especially nuclear research and its application in medicine and industry, the present work aims to calculate the fugacity and virial coefficients of this material using the new generalized state equations and to compare the results obtained with experimental data to have an accurate evaluation of the equations used. The generalized equations in this research include the generalization of the equations based on the Redlich-Kwong equation (RK) and the Dietrici equation (D). The studies showed that generalization improves the results of the second virial coefficient below the critical temperature, which is more effective in the RK equation and leads to appropriate results according to the experimental data. However, in the case of fugacity, generalization improves the results in Equation D and further deviates the results in the RK equation. The results show that below the critical temperature, the van der Waals and Dietrici models do not offer a good prediction of the behavior of the third virial coefficient. Therefore, more other models should be used to predict their behavior quantitatively and qualitatively.

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of organic fertilizers of folic acid and amino acids (glycine and glutamic acid) on the plant resistance to stress and yield of cucumber under deficit irrigation conditions. The study was carried out as a factorial in randomized complete blocks with 3 replications. The first factor was fertilization at four levels as control, 200 mg/l folic acid, amino acid glycine and glutamic acid (6 liters per ha), and folic acid + amino acids (glycine and glutamic acid). The second factor was irrigation interval (3, 5 and 7 days). The results showed that an increase in irrigation interval caused a significant reduction in plant dry and fresh weights, internode length, root and shoot lengths, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll contents. Furthermore, combined use of folic acid and amino acid and 7 day irrigation interval increased root length, internode length, leaf area, chlorophyll a and relative leaf water content by 159, 46.9, 84.7, 138 and 36%, respectively, when compared with the control at the same irrigation interval. In addition, a 70% increase in plant fresh weight and 84% increase in fruit weight were observed in irrigation interval of five days and combined treatment of amino acid and folic acid. In general, it can be concluded that the combined application of amino acids and folic acid improved the morphophysiological characteristics of cucumber under deficit irrigation conditions, while it was not effective in improving yield and fruit production with the seven-day irrigation interval.

Understanding the dynamics of microbubble oscillation in an elastic microvessel is important for the safe and effective applications of ultrasound contrast agents in imaging and therapy. Numerical simulations based on 2D finite element model are performed to investigate the effect of acoustic parameters such as pressure and frequency on the dynamic interaction of the fluid-blood-vessel system. The results show that acoustic waves cause bubble oscillation, pressure on the vessel wall as well as vascular deformation. For a bubble (with a radius of 1.5 μm) in a microvessel with a radius of 5 μm exposed to ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 1 MHz and out put pressures of 0.25 MPa, 0.22 MPa, 0.18 MPa and 0.13 MPa the modeling has been done. It can be seen that with increasing ultrasound pressure, the radius of the bubble changes, the displacement of the vessel wall and the pressure and also shear stress on the vessel wall increase. Also, by increasing the initial radius of the microbubble (1.5, 2.5 and 2.5 micrometers) at constant radiant wave pressure, the pressure on the capillary wall and the amount of capillary wall displacement increase. With increasing capillary wall diameter (1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 μm) at constant radiant wave pressure, no significant change in pressure applied to the capillary wall and capillary wall displacement is observed. This work was evaluated with the simulation results of other researchers.

The deficiency of organic matter in the soil is one of the factors limiting cultivating and growing of plants. While the organic matter is the main factor of soil fertility and the ideal organic matter content of agricultural soils is about 4-6% according to the experiments performed, this amount is very low in arid and desert areas such as those  in Iran. The significant capability of humic fertilizers in the rapid improvement of soil fertilization level is quite recognizable. Humic acid has a direct role in determining the producing potential of the soil. Humic substances can have a positive effect on plant growth in different ways. Humic acid results in an increasing nitrogen uptake by plants and stimulates and enhances the uptake of Ca, Mg, P, and K. By enhancing the resistance to environmental stresses, increasing chlorophyll concentration and thus affecting photosynthesis, amino acids are effective in plant growth and yield. Given the conditions that agriculture faces, drought is the main limiting factor of agricultural production in the present and future. Research has reported that the improvement of plant growth under stress conditions by application of humic substances and amino acid. The use of these factors that increase plant growth in stressful conditions and improve yield is a useful and effective method. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of organic fertilizers on growth traits of cucumber plants under drought stress.

In order to explore the effect of drought stress on cucumber plant, an experiment was carried out in the research field of agriculture faculty of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2015-2016. This study was performed as a factorial design in a completely randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was fertilization at four levels (control, humic acid application (200 ppm), glycine amino acid and glutamic acid application (6 liters per hectare), and combined application of humic acid (200 ppm), glycine amino acid and glutamic acid (6 liters per hectare), and the second factor was irrigation at three levels of 3, 5 and 7 days. Furrows with 2 m apart, 40 cm deep, 50 cm wide and 20 m long were created. Following the soil irrigation, the cucumber seeds were planted on the edge of the experimental hills (4-5 seeds per hill) that were spaced 50 cm apart. The treatments were applied via irrigation at specified concentration. At the end of the experiment Morphophysiological traits were measured.

The results showed that drought stress reduced fresh and dry weights of plant, a number of branches, root length, stem length, and internode length. The amount of available water to plants affects their growth traits. Increasing irrigation interval decreased vegetative growth parameters in this plant, which is undoubtedly due to the lack of water available to the plant. Drought stress leads to stomata closure, plant wilt, swelling reduction, and reduced water content and total potential of the leaf, resulting in decreased cell division, especially in shoots and leaves. As a result, the first effects of dehydration in plants can be seen in their smaller leaf size and lower height than normal conditions. The highest level of drought stress (7 days) decreases all the traits. Unfortunately, the use of humic acid and acid amine had no effect on the highest levels of stress (7 days). The application of humic acid alone could improve the effects of drought stress on the plant. Humic acid enhances plant growth by affecting plant cell metabolism as well as chelating power, increasing nutrient uptake, and increasing nitrogen content. Experimental studies have shown that glycine betaine strengthens enzymatic structures and activities and protein components, and cell wall stability against the damaging effects of environmental stresses is considered to be one of its activities. It seems that organic matter and humic compounds including humic acid through positive physiological effects including effects on plant cells metabolism, increased leaf chlorophyll concentration, increased metabolism within cells, and increased durability of photosynthetic tissues (Increasing leaf durability) leads to increase of production performance and biomass production in plants.

The use of humic acid alone led to improved leaf area, root length, and other traits. These factors caused an improvement in the photosynthetic rate in the plant, resulting in improved yield and growth under drought stress conditions (increased irrigation intervals). The protective and moderating role of the humic acid application under drought stress is one of the reasons for growth improvement by these compounds. In general, the combined application of humic acid and amino acid in the form of irrigation fertilizer in cucumber under drought stress improved growth traits and prevented yield reduction.

The possibility of suppressing laminar vortex shedding after a rectangular cylinder with a pair of rotating controllers has been investigated for Re=150. Drag and lift coefficients of the rectangular cylinder have been measured at different positions of the controller system. Numerical results show that the controller system suppresses the vortex shedding completely when installing at some suitable positions. It was found that the controller system affects the vorticity intensity in the separation bubbles at these suitable positions. The controller system may completely eliminate the separation bubble or may make them remain in attached to the cylinder. Besides, the effectiveness sensitivity of the controller system to its rotation rate and Reynolds number was analyzed when installing at the edge of the cylinder boundary layer where its position is denoted by (r/a=2,q=40o). These analyses show that the controller system can still suppress the laminar vortex shedding completely when the rotation rate of the controller system and Reynolds number of the incoming flow change by less than 50%.

In some cases, a vertical shaft with a high cross-sectional area and a suitable depth as a portal for the assembly of a TBM drilling rig, the transfer of staff and equipment is required. If the shaft is used for this purpose, the cross -section of the shaft will be rectangular; otherwise, the cross-section of the circular shaft can also be used. In Iran, more than rectangular cross-section shafts have been used as TBM portals. The main objective of this research is to investigate the stability of rectangular shaft for TBM machine by using the finite difference method FLAC3D software. The results of numerical models show that the value of displacement in the horizontal direction increases with the distance from the corner of the rectangular shaft in depth. Also, the stress concentration in the rectangular shaft corners is very high in comparison to the side walls and will eventually become unstable. In addition, in a rectangular shaft, the amount of bending moment is applied to the support system and causes it to be unstable, which requires the elements of the instrument to reduce the moment. According to numerical modeling results, the rectangular shaft is close to the instability threshold.

The phosphorites horizon related to the Jeirud area is located in the central part of the Jeirud Formation, in the northern Tehran. The Late Devonian sediments of this formation is composed mainly of detrital rocks such as sandstone, sandy shale and sandy limestones. Phosphorite mineralization is mainly concentrated in the sandy shale horizon. Optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that fluoroapatite is the main phosphate mineral and other gangues minerals composed of quartz, calcite, pyrite, iron oxides (mostly goethite) and clay minerals. The X-Ray Probe Micro Analysis (XPMA) results showed that fluoroapatite is the main host mineral for REEs. Other REE-bearing minerals include monazite and very rarely zircon. The Ce concentration (as representative of REEs) is highly variable in the decomposed apatite grains and the amount of Ce and other REEs in sedimentary apatite originating from primary rare earth elements. The concentration of REE in this phosphorites are related to the deposition environment, duration of seawater interaction during and after apatite formation, chemical composition of pore-water, organic source, apatite crystal network and the effect of the allogenic events.

A modified multi zone model (MMZM) is developed for RCCI engines simulation. The CFD model is used to predict the evaporated n-heptane stratification to introduce as input to the MMZM to predict the SOC (start of combustion) and CA50 with sufficient accuracy. In the next step, a physic-base model is developed for SOC prediction and parameterized with 70 multi-zone results and validated using the same results and extra 25 experimental data. The model prediction average error for 95 steady-state operating conditions is below 1.2 CAD. Also, a modified fuel burn rate model is developed for predicting 50% of fuel mass burn and burn duration. Predicted results are in good agreement with all multi-zone results and operating conditions in prediction of both CA50 and burn duration. The MMZM can predict CA50 and burn duration with acceptable accuracy as the average error are about 1 CAD and 1.2 CAD.

In underground U-tube heat exchangers (boreholes) it is important to predict its heating performance to design and select the proper parameters such as length, diameter, material etc. to have an optimized borehole from the point of view of heat capacity and economical aspects. For this reason, having trusty equations is vital to foresee borehole heating performance and applying it in design issues. In this study a single vertical U-tube borehole with constant wall temperature is considered and analytical equations for temperature distribution in the surrounding ground around the borehole is evaluated based on one and two dimensional heat conduction respectively. The analytical equation is compared to experimental data for a borehole with 50 m depth in which warm water of 40 C is pumped into it a time period of 120 hours and the heat transfer rate per unit length is recorded. The comparison between analytical expression and experimental data shows a good agreement between them. Also the borehole entropy generation number is studied and the optimized parameters are evaluated to minimize it. It is concluded that for the considered borehole, entropy generation number is decreased by increasing its length and by decreasing the borehole radius and pipe outer radius.

Conventional anti-inflammatory drugs, despite their beneficial effects, have serious and irreversible side effects. Due to the remarkable anti-inflammatory properties of bee pollen crude extract, the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of 100% methanol fraction (MF) and dichloromethane fraction (DF) in an air pouch model of inflammation.

This experimental study was performed on 42 male Wistar rats in 7 groups of six. First, the hairs on the back of the rats were shaved. Subcutaneous injection of sterile air (20 and 10 mL) was performed on the dorsum of anaesthetized rats (day 1 and day 3, respectively). On day 6, inflammation was induced by intra-pouch injection of carrageenan. Group I: Normal saline; Group II, III, and IV: the rats treated with 100, 500 and 2500 μg MF; Group V, VI, and VII: the animals treated with 100, 500 and 2500 μg DF by intra-pouch injection simultaneously with carrageenan after 24 and 48 h. Three days after carrageenan administration, the inflammatory parameters and angiogenesis were measured.

Compared to the control group (5.3±0.5 g), granulation tissue weight was significantly decreased (p<0.001) by approximately 30% and 40% by all three doses of MF and DF, respectively. Inflammatory parameters such as exudate volume and angiogenesis were significantly reduced by DF (p<0.001) and MF (p<0.01), respectively. In both fractions, a dose of 2500 μg increased the number of leukocytes.

Although different effects were observed in the two fractions of extract due to different amounts of flavonoids, a promising inhibitory effect on granulation tissue and angiogenesis was obtained, which could be considered as a natural source of anti-rheumatoid and anti-cancer agents.

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of positive intelligence training on the spiritual functioning and psychological well-being of employees of the Securities and Exchange Organization of Iran.

In a randomized controlled trial design with a pretest, post-test, and control group among all employees of the Securities and Exchange Organization in Tehran, 30 employees were selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n=15). Two groups were asked to fill the Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) and Ryff's Psychological Well-Being (RPWQ). Participants in the experimental group received 6 sessions of 120 minutes group training of positive intelligence, while the control group just received simple meetings with the therapist and were enrolled in the waiting list of training for ethical reasons. Participants of both groups were completed DSES and RPWQ again after the interventions. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANCOVA).

The results showed a significant difference between the two groups in DSES and RPWB mean scores after the positive intelligence treatment.

It could be concluded that the positive intelligence training could successfully improve the spiritual functioning and psychological well-being of employees of the Securities and Exchange Organization, so it would be useful for employees of this organization.

Due to lack of proper regulations in many areas of the world, consumers are not mandated to waste sorting at the origin of the source. Moreover, human sorting often suffers from human errors and low accuracy. In the intelligent detection system, it is attempted to break down a variety of household wastes including plastic bottles, glass, metals, paper bags, compact plastics, paper and disposable containers. In this paper, a real waste image system is investigated using the deep convolutional neural network and a remarkable accuracy of 92.76% was achieved.

Spermatogenesis system is one of the most radiosensitive organs in the body. A usual therapeutic dose of radiation such as the conventional 2 Gy in each fraction of radiotherapy and lower doses seen in diagnostic radiology or a radiation disaster affect the process of spermatogenesis potently. Selenium and zinc are two important elements playing key roles in the development of sperms and also have radioprotective effects.

In this study aims to evaluate the radioprotective effect of zinc and selenium against radiation-induced mice testis injury.

In this experimental study, 30 mice were divided equally into 6 groups, including control selenium treated, zinc treated, radiation, radiation + selenium, radiation + zinc. Treatments started from 2 days before irradiation with 2 Gy cobalt-60 gamma rays. After 37 days, all mice were killed for histopathological evaluations.

Results showed that exposure to radiation caused a potent effect on spermatogenesis system. Treatment with selenium reversed these radiation effects potently, while zinc had some limited protective effects. Zinc treatment itself caused a detrimental effect on epididymis and, in combination with radiation, it leads to more damage to seminiferous tubules.

In contrast to previous studies that proposed zinc to protect spermatogenesis against various toxic agents, results of this study showed that although zinc may protect from some parameters, it potentiates radiation damage on seminiferous tubules and has a detrimental effect on the epididymis. By contrast, zinc and selenium could alleviate radiation-induced toxicity on the most of the evaluated parameters.

Thorium is an actinide substance with an atomic number of 90. Natural thorium is radioactive and, although not fissile, it undergoes a nuclear reaction (n, γ) and then beta radiation into a fissile material of the uranium. In this paper, some thermodynamic properties of the thorium have been investigated. On the other hand, the Equation of State (EOS) is an essential and suitable tool for studying the thermo-physical behavior of the materials and predicting them in different conditions in terms of pressure, temperature and amount. At present, there are different equations of state that can be categorized as theoretically, empirically, and semi-empirical. The purpose of this paper is to study some thermodynamic functions of thorium in liquid-vapor equilibrium such as vapor pressure, saturated liquid and vapor density, enthalpy and internal energy of vaporization using equations of state in the van der Waals model. In this model, the thermodynamic behavior of the materials is due to the contribution of the attractive and repulsive forces, which itself  is represented as a sum of the aforementioned statements mentioned above in a compressibility factor. In this research, we use the van der Waals equation, Berthelot equation, and the Radilich- Kwang equation. Our studies show the data obtained from Berthelot equation is in better agreement with experimental data for the studied thermodynamic functions quantitatively and qualitatively.