mahmood salehi

The Rhamnaceae family is one of the largest flowering plant families, comprising 52-57 genera and around 950 species worldwide. Of these, 14 species are reported in China, while the remaining are found across Europe and tropical regions. In Iran, five genera of this family (occasionally six) are present and are among the most well-known trees in Iranian forests. Understanding the ecological and habitat conditions of native plant species is essential for researchers. This study aimed to investigate the micromorphology of the epidermis surface and fruits and to measure some phytochemical compounds, and molecular characteristics of eight Rhamnus pallasii populations. 

This study examined the micromorphology, molecular characteristics, and phytochemical composition of eight Rhamnus pallasii populations. The epidermis surface, stomata, and fruit were analyzed using electron microscopy at the Razi Metallurgy Center in Tehran. Iran. Genetic diversity was assessed using ISSR markers across the eight populations. The extraction of samples was made using water and 80% ethanol solvents, then, the total phenol, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of extracts were measured. 

In all populations, the stomata were irregular in shape, of the anomocytic type, with anticlinal walls that ranged from straight to curved. All samples exhibited simple, single-celled cover hairs with varying densities across populations. Molecular studies revealed significant genetic differences among the populations. Phytochemical analysis showed considerable variations in the levels of phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant properties among the samples. Environmental factors such as altitude, soil, humidity, light, temperature, pressure, and latitude played a key role in plant growth, essential oil production, and the accumulation of secondary metabolites. 

Micromorphological analysis of the studied populations showed irregular shapes, with anomocytic stomata and straight-to-curved anticlinal walls. All populations displayed simple, single-celled trichomes, although hair density varied across populations. Molecular analysis indicated significant genetic differences among the populations, while phytochemical investigations revealed notable differences in phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant content. Environmental factors, including altitude, soil, humidity, light, temperature, pressure, and latitude, played an important role in plant growth, essential oil yield, and secondary metabolite accumulation.

Review:The main goal of this article is to evaluate the national security management system of the Islamic Republic of Iran using the performance importance analysis (IPA) method. Therefore, first by studying and examining the dimensions and components of 42 indicators, it was identified in the form of 6 dimensions and it was given to 30 people working in the protection units of the military forces and the protection of the executive agencies. This research is of an applied type and Library study methods and document reference and data questionnaire tools have been used. The statistical population researched by the experts, and the Shaal forces in the protection and protection of the information system of the Islamic Republic of Iran have been selected according to the nobility and experience in the country's information system. For this purpose, the importance and performance analysis method was used and the importance and priority of each of the 46 indicators was determined, and the overall importance and performance of the national security management system in order to strengthen the statistics was presented. The data analysis showed that "the council "High national security, numerous actors and high morale of employees" are the most important indicators that should be prioritized in planning.

E. coli is regarded as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance in foods of animal origin. E. coli can be categories into four main phylogenetic groups (A, B1, B2 and D). The commensal E. coli strains mostly are assigned to the phylo-groups A and B1.. The purposes of this study were to determine the phylogenetic group/subgroups and antibiotic resistance patterns of ostrich E. coli isolates in Iran.. A total of 126 E. coli isolates were obtained from cloacae swabs of the healthy ostrich in Kerman, Iran. The E. coli isolates were confirmed using biochemical API 20E identification system. The confirmed isolates were studied to determine phylogenetic background by PCR. The isolates were tested for antibiotic resistance against 12 different antibiotic disk by disk diffusion method.. Phylotyping of E. coli isolates indicated that 74 isolates belonged to A, 27 isolates to B1, 7 isolates to B2, and 18 isolates to D groups. Also the isolates fell into six phylogenetic subgroups, including 34 isolates in A0, 40 isolates in A1, one isolate in B22, 6 isolates in B23, 11 isolates in D1 and 7 isolates in subgroup D2. In the examined E. coli isolates, the maximum rate of resistance was against tetracycline, and the minimum rate of resistance was against amoxicillin. Twenty three antibiotic resistance patterns were detected among the isolates. The cefoxitin and tetracycline resistance pattern was the most prevalent in the isolates that belonged to phylo-group A.. In conclusion, the result of the present study revealed a low frequency of antibiotic resistance in ostrich E. coli isolates. The antibiotic resistance patterns were in relation to A and D phylogenetic groups. Further studies are needed to better understand the distribution of phylogenetic groups in poultry isolates..

Knowledge management is influenced by many variables such as organizational structure, leadership style, organizational culture, information technology etc. We can spot organizational structure and climate as a framework and infrastructure can be considered in implementing successful knowledge management. Previous studies examined these variables in the implementation of knowledge management. In this study we investigated the influence of organizational structure and climate on knowledge management and mediator role of social interaction has been checked. Examining the mediator role of social interaction is the research innovation. In this study a sample of 148 companies in Iranian automotive industry has been selected. The results of structural equation model analysis support a mediating social interaction between organizational structure and climate with KM.