فهرست مطالب maryam shafigh

Uropathogenic E.coli is one of the most known causes of urinary tract infections, which may lead to a high rate of morbidity and mortality in high risk patients. In this regard, the virulence factors such as bacterial adhesion molecules have a critical role. The current study was intended to determine the molecular properties of adhesion genes in Uropathogenic E.coli strains isolated from hospitalized patients in Babol, north of Iran. During a nine-months of study, 90 Uropathogenic E.coli strains were confirmed by differential biochemical and microbiological standard tests, antimicrobial susceptibility test, and molecular polymerase chain reaction assay were obtained for evaluating the frequency of adhesion genes. According to the results, the highest rate of resistance and susceptibility were belonged to penicillin and imipenem respectively. On the other hand, the percentage of fimH gene among other virulence genes was reported to be 66%. The present study showed that a high level of uropathogenic E.coli isolates which harbored the adhesion factors may lead to distribution of multiple antimicrobial resistance strains.

Osteoporosis is a common disease in Iran, which is associated with insufficient intake of vitamin D and calcium. Therefore, this study aimed to compare consumption of dietary supplements between healthy individuals and patients with osteoporosis referred to bone densitometry centers in Gorgan, north of Iran.
This case-control study was conducted on women aged over 55 years who were at least 5 years postmenopausal. Overall, two groups of 130 subjects were enrolled via convenience sampling at 95% confidence interval. The subjects were divided into two groups of healthy individuals and patients with osteoporosis using Hologic QDR 4500 Elite Bone Densitometers and T-scores (-2.5: osteoporosis, above 1: normal). Anthropometric measurements (height, weight and waist circumference), and amount of dietary intake of calcium, vitamin D, vitamin E and multivitamins supplements were recorded by trained experts. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16).
Healthy subjects consumed significantly higher amount of calcium supplement (18.5%) compared to subjects with osteoporosis (P = 0.001). Intake of vitamin D supplement was significantly higher (23.3%) in healthy subjects compared to patients (P = 0.003). Intake of vitamin E supplement and multivitamin was slightly higher in healthy subjects, but the difference was not statistically significant.
At least half and two-thirds of individuals aged over 55 years take vitamin D and calcium supplements, respectively. Intake of calcium and vitamin D is significantly higher in healthy individuals compared to those with osteoporosis.