marziyeh hosseinzadeh dashti

Objective:

The primary objective of this study was to examine the educational damages faced by children of divorce. Divorce is a significant life event that imposes stress on the entire family, especially on children.

 This study employed a systematic review of existing literature to identify key educational damages faced by children of divorce. A total of 3,296 articles were initially retrieved from databases, and through a rigorous selection process based on relevance, 27 studies were chosen for in-depth analysis. The indicators were categorized into 9 criteria using a coding framework, with each indicator representing a unique educational challenge or damage.

 The review identified 72 educational indicators categorized into key themes such as academic decline, dropout rates, concentration and attention issues, cognitive development impairments, and reduced resources for education. The most frequent issues were poor academic performance, lack of concentration, and dropout rates. Children from divorced families exhibited significantly more challenges in school performance, motivation for achievement, and learning compared to those from intact families. The absence of a stable emotional and financial environment exacerbated these issues, further contributing to academic setbacks.

 The findings highlight the severe impact of parental divorce on children's educational performance and mental well-being. Academic decline, lack of concentration, and emotional maladjustment are common issues, often leading to school dropout. Effective interventions, including parental education and structured support programs, are crucial to reducing the educational damages faced by children of divorce. Schools and counselors must be trained to address these challenges and work collaboratively with parents to create a supportive learning environment.

Parental divorce can act as an emotional storm in children's lives, leading to serious psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, and academic decline, jeopardizing their mental health. Despite these risks, evidence suggests a lack of attention to the education of children of divorce and the creation of conditions to address these harms.This research was conducted with the aim of developing an educational-counseling package to reduce the psychological and educational injuries of children of divorce.

the present research was carried out using systematic review, therefore, the research field under study is all the valid articles and theses published in Persian language in Iranian databases including, Scientific Information Center, Noor Mags and Comprehensive Humanities Portal were investigated in the period of 1385-1402 and 3296 documents were retrieved. To evaluate the quality of the studies, the checklist of the CASP critical evaluation skills program was used and 26 documents were selected. Further, in order to develop an educational-consultative package to reduce the injuries of children affected by parental divorce, based on the review of the background of studies, solutions that included various techniques and concepts were developed. 10 experts in the field of counseling selected and expressed their opinion in order to check the content validity of the package.

Findings In the qualitative section, we identified six categories of harms resulting from the content analysis of the data, including: psychological harms, physical harms and general health, family relationships, academic harms, and risky behaviors in these children, which led to 27 subthemes. After adjusting the content of the educational-counseling package based on the psychological approaches of CBT, DBT, and ACT, and individual and group counseling (integrated), the validity of the developed package was examined by experts, and a content index of 0.8 and a kappa agreement coefficient of 0.71 were obtained. Results of the content analysis of the data.

The findings of the present study indicate a wide range of psychological, social, and educational harms in the children studied. These harms, which have been identified through qualitative data analysis, indicate the need for psychological interventions. Developing an educational-psychological package based on an integrated approach of CBT, DBT, ACT, and individual and group counseling is an important step towards responding to these needs. These findings emphasize the importance of early identification and intervention in children's psychological, social, and educational harms. The integrated approach used in this study, by emphasizing the training of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral skills, can significantly contribute to improving the quality of life of affected children. Also, the high validity of this package indicates the effectiveness of this approach in promoting children's mental health.

Divorce of parents is a fateful and risky incident in a child's life. The present study seeks to identify and classify the psychological injuries of divorced children. For this purpose, 3296 documents were retrieved from the Iranian scientific databases including Magiran, SID, Noormags, and Ensani from 2006 to 2023. Then, using the CASP evaluation checklist, 26 documents were selected and analyzed. The findings led to the extraction of 42 criteria to explain the psychological damage of children of divorce, and its classification in the form of 2 intrapersonal (26 criteria) and interpersonal (16 criteria) dimensions. Among the identified criteria, children of divorce are more likely to face a decrease in mental health and self-esteem and an increase in anxiety, anger, and aggression, and they suffer from problems such as incompatibility, depression, sadness, isolation, and loneliness. These psychological injuries are the source of many social problems and dysfunctions, and lack of attention can cause double risks. The continuation of the alarming, exponential and sometimes exponential trend of divorce statistics and the continuation of the current approaches, decision-making, decisions, and actions, which are mainly formal, passive, reactive, insular, and fragmentary, can not only face serious risks to individual and family health but also the foundation of Islamic culture. It brings double damage to Iran in terms of public and national security. It seems that the continuation of this dangerous trend is the biggest soft threat to society, which seriously threatens the foundation, health, growth, and stability of Islamic-Iranian culture.