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Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on psychological wellbeing and Its Components in hemodialysis patients. The study sample consisted of 28 hemodialysis patients who were selected by available sampling method from patients referred to hemodialysis unite of Imam Khomeini hospital in Shirvan city and Imam Ali hospital in Bojnord city and were randomly replaced in two groups (14 patient in each group). The experimental group received mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in eight session of 90 minutes (once a week). Data collected by Ryff Psychological Well-bing inventory and they were analyzed by using ANCOVA. The results showed that the Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy had positive effect on psychological well-being, Interpersonal Relations, purpose in life, personal growth and autonomy but there was no significant effect on environmental mastery and self-acceptance. Therefore, the results of this study provide empirical support for this therapy and Regarding the prevalence of psychological problems in hemodialysis patients and the effectiveness of psychiatric interventions, the necessity of the presence of psychologists and counselors in hemodialysis departments is reminiscent.