mohammad hashemi

Surgical practices are critical activities within healthcare systems, and when human error (HE) occurs, the consequences can be irreparable. However, the literature on HE quantification reveals significant gaps in both structural and methodological approaches. This study aimed to suggest a new taxonomy of environmental influencing factors (EIFs) that impact surgeons’ technical performance. In this cross-sectional study, EIFs related to the operating room were selected by reviewing various literature. Structured expert judgment elicitation was used to validate the EIFs under consideration. The weight and negative impact rate of the EIFs during surgical processes on surgeons were quantified using the spherical fuzzy-SWARA (Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis) method and an elevenpoint numerical scale, respectively. Questionnaires from expert surgeons were employed to quantify the weight and negative impact rate of the EIFs. The taxonomy of nine EIFs was validated through individual interviews with surgeons from three regional hospitals. The ranking of the influence of EIFs showed some conflicts regarding weight and negative impact rate. Specifically, climate conditions and music received the highest and lowest grades in both weight and negative impact rates. The current study offers an original contribution to developing a new taxonomy based on domain-specific knowledge. The proposed EIFs taxonomy illustrates how surgeons’ reliability can be degraded qualitatively and quantitatively. Furthermore, the results could enhance patient safety programs in the operating room.

This research uses the theory of Joseph Hillis Miller, a contemporary theorist of narrative, to study several theories about the functions of the beginning in the cinematic narrative in the movie Passengers, made by Bahram Beizai. The questions of this research are as follows: firstly, with the centrality of the three functions that Miller provides for the narrative, how can the beginning be made in the film Passengers based on the views of the cinematic narration of Michael Tierno, Laura Schellhart, Charlie Moritz and Edward Forster analyzed? And secondly, the three functions of the narrative in the view of Joseph Hillis Miller, about the beginning in the narration of the film Passengers, can be explained in what detail? The aim of this research is to show how conflicting functions of narration in movies start their narrative and move them forward. The result of this article shows that the film Passengers reveals the critical function in opposition to the creative function of the narrative from Hillis Miller's point of view. That is, it opposes the dominant culture that regards death and the end as superior to life and continuation and guards this culture and insists on a culture based on the preservation of life to the extent that either all the movie characters and audience firmly believe in the authenticity of this alternative culture, which emphasizes the superior intrinsic aspect of life against the apparent inferior aspect of death.

Foodborne diseases are a serious public health problem. Food service staff who work in kitchens play an important role in spreading foodborne pathogen. Food infections are preventable, and food safety education is a key for preventing them. Regarding the importance of safe food preparation in hospitals and its impact on patient’s health, in this study, our purpose is to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of food service staff in the hospital of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.   A cross-sectional study was conducted at nine hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences during 2019–2020. In this study, the knowledge, attitude, and practice of 57 food service staff of hospital catering were evaluated by a validated questionnaire based on a WHO publication.  Results showed that the correct answer mean scores of food safety knowledge, practice and attitude of the participants to the related questionnaire were, 84.78%, 78.77%, and 80.54% respectively, that it demonstrated of good knowledge, practice and attitude of food service staff in the hospital of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Of all participants, 35.1% were chefs, 57.9% worked in a cook series, and 7% were nutritionists. Among people who answered the questions, 89.5% had passed food hygiene courses.   Holding educational courses about food hygiene and safety for food service staff in hospitals is necessary.

Public health and the economy are seriously affected by diseases transmitted by meat and its products, including Zoonotic diseases. Several factors contribute to carcass condemnation in slaughterhouses, such as parasitic infections that can be extremely harmful to human societies. Parasites transmitted from red meat and its products can induce disorders in humans. These parasites include helminths such as Taenia spp. (intestinal disorders), liver flukes (hepatic disorders), and Trichinella spp. (intestinal and muscular disorders), as well as protozoans such as Toxoplasma gondii (neurological and reproductive disorders) and Sarcocystis spp. (gastrointestinal, respiratory, and muscle disorders) and Cryptosporidium spp. (intestinal disorders and severe diarrhea). Generally, there is little knowledge about meat-borne parasitic diseases. Global food trade, population growth, unprincipled cooking methods, and lack of improvement in monitoring and diagnostic procedures are among the increasing factors of diagnostic cases of parasitic diseases caused by meat and meat products around the world, including Iran. Despite the decrease in meat consumption per capita in recent years, there is a significant prevalence of meat-borne parasitic diseases among Iranian population, which requires attention towards preventive and monitoring methods. Iran's northern provinces, including Gilan and Mazandaran, have the highest documented incidence of parasite infections in meat, especially in rural areas with humid climates where cattle are raised. Recent studies have estimated the prevalence of human infections in Iran. The studied diseases included taeniasis (0.25%-0 5%), trichinellosis (2.6% in high-risk group), fascioliasis (0.7% in Jolfa county), dicrocoeliasis (2.2% in Meshkinshahr city), toxoplasmosis (39.3% of the whole Iranian population), sarcocystosis (0.16%-0.1%, only found in eight cases), cryptosporidiosis (2.9% of healthy population and 1.3% of patients suffering from gastroenteritis). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the essential parasitic diseases transmitted through meat and meat products in the geographical area of Iran and their effects on both human and animal health.

Today, one of the most effective and appropriate treatment strategies for edentulous areas is the use of dental implants to improve esthetics and chewing, which may affect the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients. This study aimed to investigate the impact of dental implant treatment on OHRQoL in patients referred to specialized private practices.

In this retrospective study, 349 patients who underwent dental implant procedures in private practices of maxillofacial surgeons or periodontists in Sari from 2018 to 2022 were randomly selected. These patients were asked to complete the OHIP-14 questionnaire to evaluate their OHRQoL. The variables of age, gender, implant site, and the number of implants were examined in relation to quality of life. Based on the average scores from the questionnaire, each patient was categorized into one of the following groups: very good (0–11), good (12–22), average (23–34), bad (35–45), and very bad (46–56). The data were then analyzed using an independent t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression tests, with a significance level set at P=0.05.

A total of 325 questionnaires were completed, with 167 (51.4%) patients being female, and the mean age of the participants was 44.18 ± 8.46 years. The overall mean OHRQoL after implant treatment was good (16.80±3.56). In total, 98.8% of the patients reported good OHRQoL, while only 1.2% reported poor OHRQoL. Significant differences were found between the number of implants, implant site, time elapsed since implant treatment, and gender in relation to OHRQoL (P<0.001, P=0.025, P=0.048, and P<0.001, respectively). Patients with a higher number of implants had lower OHRQoL, and those who had received implants more than three years prior had better OHRQoL compared to those treated within the last three years. Furthermore, the average OHRQoL was higher in women than in men. OHRQoL was also lower in older patients compared to younger ones (P<0.001). The number of implants, with a standard beta coefficient of 0.450, had the highest regression effect on OHRQoL.

OHRQoL in patients with implants in both jaws was significantly lower than in those with implants only in the upper or lower jaw. As the duration since implant treatment increases, OHRQoL decreases significantly. OHRQoL was higher in women and younger patients. Among the influencing factors, the number of implants had the greatest impact on OHRQoL, while age and gender had the least influence.

Foodborne diseases are a significant global public health concern due to their high prevalence, mortality, and economic losses. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of identified foodborne pathogens and outbreaks in Iran over the past 23 years to provide an overview of the risk assessment and prevention approaches in the country. Using appropriate keywords and searching major databases, such as ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Iranian Scientific Knowledge Database, we initially identified 4,740 articles. Finally, 328 articles were selected for evaluation. Among these articles, publications on Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria were the most numerous. Poultry meat was found to be the main source of major foodborne pathogens in Iran, including Campylobacter (46.21%), Listeria monocytogenes (38.45), Salmonella (24.83%), and Yersinia enterocolitica (16.81%). Given the high prevalence of foodborne bacteria in Iranian foods, it is crucial to implement effective control measures to reduce the risk and burden of foodborne diseases. In particular, poultry meat, which poses a high risk for the occurrence of foodborne diseases in Iran, should be subjected to further risk assessment and control measures throughout the food chain.

 Investigating the prevalence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in asymptomatic children who have been in close contact with symptomatic individuals is instrumental for refining public health approaches, protecting vulnerable populations, and mitigating the broader impact of the pandemic. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the incidence of COVID-19 infection in asymptomatic children who had been in close contact with parents exhibiting COVID-19 symptoms.

Study Design: 

A cross-sectional study.

 The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 175 asymptomatic children who had been in close contact with COVID-19 confirmed cases in Hamadan County from March 2021 to August 2021. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing was performed on all asymptomatic children who had been in close contact with an individual with COVID-19. Furthermore, multiple logistic regressions were conducted to determine the predictors of COVID-19 transmission from family members to children.

 Out of the 175 children in close contact with index cases, 53 (30.29%) tested positive for COVID-19 through PCR. Regarding factors related to the index case, male cases (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=2.29; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-5.09, P=0.041), rural dwellers (AOR=3.22; 95% CI: 1.02-10.16, P=0.046), illiterate cases (AOR=8.45; 95% CI: 1.76-40.65, P=0.008), and cases presenting with nasal congestion symptoms (AOR=9.12; 95% CI: 2.22-37.40, P=0.002) were more prone to transmitting the virus to children who had close contact with them.

 The findings of the present study suggested that asymptomatic COVID-19 infection in household contacts is significant in children who were in close contact with a COVID-19-positive patient. Therefore, it is crucial to continue to monitor this group closely.

According to Aristotle, the character of tragedy must be morally good, that is, virtuous, and in order to be on the path to happiness, it must observe the rule of moral moderation through selective and conscious action. Accordingly, this study raises the question of how to explain the link between action and moral character. To ponder and explain the answer to this question, the Poetics is read and interpreted alongside Nicomachean ethics. The aim is to show the various aspects of action and its relation with character and morality, both positively and negatively, by relying on the relationship between action and moral character in the Poetics. The importance and necessity of this research is that it will help to clarify important parts of the Poetics, relying on its place in the system of Aristotle's moral philosophy. The conclusion to be drawn from this research is that the Poetics should be read in the context of Aristotle's philosophy - especially the Ethics - and also the action, in the thought that governs the Poetics, while it is related to moral character but also takes precedence on it.

Since theorists began to study art as an independent subject, there have been many opinions about the relationship between art and real life, which includes a wide range of the autonomy of art and its subsumption. This relationship is the relationship between the sensible and the reasonable. According to Rancière's theories, it is not possible to access the realm of meaning and convey a message through the work of art. Meaning is constructed in the minds of individuals by interpreting sensory stimuli received through their senses. The function of this system is to assign identities, roles, and positions to people. The action of opposing this system leading to redistribution of the sensible, is called politics. The aesthetic regime is a specific way of thinking and formulation of art that considers artistic sensible as a means of thought. From Rancière's point of view, this regime is related to politics through the redistribution of the senses, and in this way, it leads to the emancipation of the audience.In the current research, the ethical, representational, and aesthetic regimes of art will be defined from Rancière's point of view. Then, the relationship between aesthetics and politics is explained specifically with theater. Finally, a descriptive-analytical approach is utilized to ascertain, based on library data, the artistic regime within which "The Blacks" by Jean Genet can be categorized. As the results of the research show, in this play, Genet deals with politics and redistribution of roles and identities by creating a gap in consensus, breaking conventional dichotomies, breaking the principles of representation, and presenting unusual objects, and in this way, this play can be considered as belonging to the aesthetic regime.The current research is a descriptive-analytical study of the play "The Blacks" by Jean Genet and by referring to library data, examines which of Rancière's artistic regimes this play can be placed in. As the results of the research show, in this play, by breaking the principles of drama, presenting unusual objects, going beyond the framework of representational logic, and breaking conventional dichotomies, Genet deals with politics and redistribution of roles and identities, and in this way, this play can be considered as belonging to the aesthetic regime of art.

Currently, a large number of people favor meals that are rich in nutraceuticals and phytochemical compounds, which help with the treatment or prevention of chronic diseases. Oral bioavailability is a crucial component of phytochemical bioefficiency, and endogenous mechanisms have a significant impact on how well nutraceuticals and phytochemicals are absorbed by the body. In addition to endogenous variables, exogenous factors that impact the bioavailability of bioactives include the food matrix, food processing, and food storage. Different delivery systems have evolved in this regard, and nanoscale delivery tools have also been created. Delivery methods that use nanostructured lipid carriers show benefits such as enhanced loading capacity, solubility, encapsulation effectiveness, storage stability, bioavailability, and half-life. They also provide safe food systems and regulated release. In this review, the outcomes of recent experimental reports are comprehensively reviewed. In addition, the food processing, storage, gut milieu circumstances, the release process from the food and nano delivery systems in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) milieu, interactions with other GIT constituents, main delivery systems based on nanostructured lipid carriers for their encapsulation and eventually encapsulating technological barriers, food safety concerns, and regulatory issues of nutraceutical and phytochemical compounds are discussed.

The present study aimed to compare the impacts of incorporating four different dietary fibers, namely orange fiber (OF), wheat fiber (WF), bamboo fiber (BF), and carrot fiber (CF), on the physico-chemical properties of mortadella sausage.

The physical and chemical properties of the formulated mortadella sausages were assessed by measuring water activity (aw), pH, color, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) parameters.

The presence of fibers had negative effects on the aw measurements of the products, while pH values were less influenced. The analysis of color revealed that the treated sausages exhibited higher levels of lightness and yellowness, and lower levels of redness compared to the control group. Among the various fibers, OF made more changes than other fibers on product attributes at the end of the storage period with the following scores (P≤ 0.05): pH (6.22), a* (4.84), b* (13.68), L* (67.76), whiteness Index (6.4.64), ΔE (6.24), and TBARs value (4.6 mg MDA/kg sample).

The lipid stability examinations revealed that while all of the fibers could hinder the progress of oxidation, OF was more efficient (P< 0.05). Based on the results, it can be concluded that OF has the suitable potential to be formulated in mortadella sausage.

 Women are one of the most important pillars of the family in the Islamic system. Since rape is classified as a violent crime, it damages this fundamental pillar, causing harm to the family foundation and leading to societal insecurity. Therefore, the aim of this research is to explain the criminological factors influencing the crime of rape.

 This research is applied in terms of its objective and descriptive-analytical in nature, conducted using a mixed-method approach. The qualitative statistical population includes 73 cases of rape, studied comprehensively. The quantitative statistical population consists of experts and specialists in handling rape cases, with a sample size of 22 individuals. Based on the qualitative results, a researcher-made questionnaire was developed, whose validity was confirmed through face validity and reliability through Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.79). For data analysis, Spearman’s correlation tests were used with SPSS software.

 The research findings showed that with a 99% confidence level, the correlation of rape with biological factors (0.219), psychological factors (0.442), and social factors (0.789) were the highest.

 The results indicate a weak correlation between rape and biological factors, a moderate correlation between rape and psychological factors, and a strong correlation between rape and social factors

The present article deals with the study and review of the theoretical foundations and practical practice of the International Criminal Tribunal for former Yugoslavia and Rwanda courts in dealing with the concept of legal security. Since security, as a situation that brings forth mental and intellectual peace of a person, has legal effects on social relations, it has been attended to by the legal, legislative, and judicial systems of the countries since a long time ago, and the mechanisms for its establishment have been set out to guarantee the fundamental rights of people. The destruction of domestic governmental and non-governmental organizations, especially the judicial system in the two mentioned territories (the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda), highlights the domestic inability of these countries to establish transitional justice and national reconciliation between the militant groups and the survivors and victims of international crimes. These courts were created as a part of the global strategy to end violence and prevent its reoccurrence, establish justice in the mentioned territories, and establish international peace and security. therefore, by anticipating the most important aspects of the protection and guarantee of the fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals (including the accused, suspects,  convicts, victims, and witnesses), the goal of legal security has been made possible to reach.
The main question of the article is, what impact have the mentioned courts had on the establishment of the principle of legal security in the international arena and the relevant countries?
Literature Review
Although many books, treatises, dissertations, and articles have been authored on each of the topics of this research on both the domestic and international stage, the research method of this essay that considers the function of these two international criminal courts in the creation of this principle is unprecedented. Therefore, the following article is new research. finding a solid and meaningful link between the objective criteria of the principle of legal security and the decisions and opinions of the courts in their judicial proceedings is the main innovation of the present research. The purpose of this research is to show the practical approach of the mentioned international criminal courts towards legal security.

this research is both an "applied research" and a "fundamental" one in terms of its purpose, results, and use. The research method is "descriptive and analytical" in terms of the nature of the subject and the method of analysis. The data collection has been through library research, i.e., reference to academic and personal libraries, legal research centers, and accessing books, articles, theses, magazines, academic theses, and websites.
Accordingly, We Will Discuss the Following
The Concept of Security in the Domestic and International Arena
In general, security is a situation where a kind of reasonable and proportionate link is between the demands and the possessions of the actors in a political and legal community which ultimately leads to the satisfaction of those actors. The concept of legal security has entered the international arena from the domestic laws of the countries, and various forms of human security have been met with the approval of the most important international documents (such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenants on Civil and Political Rights and Economic, Social and Cultural Rights).
Sub-principles Resulting from the Legal Security
Although in terms of the diversity of the legal, political, economic, social ,and cultural concepts and trends, it is not possible to present a
fixed ratio and connection between the protection of citizenship rights and legal security, in general, there are legal regulations and legal criteria in the legal system of countries which are not only secondary to the principle of legal security but are also its constituent elements, and in terms of importance in the legal literature, they are interpreted as "principles". What is meant by the sub-principles arising from the principle of legal security is these rules and criteria which can be categorized into the two forms of principles that guarantee the quality of laws (such as the principles of transparency and ease of access to laws) and the principles that guarantee the legal status of individuals (the principles of predictability of laws and the presumption of innocence). The first group is the principles that protect the rights of citizens, And the second group protects the legal security of the citizens against the government’s power and are actually the supporters of fundamental individual freedoms. The stronger the mechanisms of safeguarding individuals’ fundamental rights, the stronger and more stable their security against the government is.
 
The practice of the International Criminal Courts of the Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda in facing the said principles is:1-3. The principles that guarantee the quality of the laws
These are the principles that contain the components of the laws in expressing the rights and duties of persons. The significant feature of these principles is that not only must laws be clear and understandable to individuals, courts, and states, but they also must be easily accessible. Transparency of the laws and ease of access to them are among the most important principles that guarantee the quality of laws. Not only the compliance of the laws, regulations, statutes, and procedures of the two Criminal Courts to the international standards and human rights has added to the richness of their quality, but also the practical practice of the said courts in removing the ambiguity and clarifying the laws and also facilitating access of users and actors to the rules and regulations has established and increased legal security.
2-3. The Principles that Support the Legal Status of People
These principles are related to the stage of applying laws and regulations. The main function of the aforementioned principles is to maintain the status created for individuals by the legal norms. The principle of predictability of laws is one of the most important of these principles, which are set out in the statutes, rules of procedure, and evidence of specific criminal courts and have manifested in the practice of those courts.

In hearing and deciding important cases such as; Tadić, Ekaiso, Hasanović, Blaskić, Simić, Selbići and Delalić, Erdemović, Kernojlač, Milosevic and Berdjanin, The mentioned International Criminal Tribunals have set the ground for the establishment and promotion of legal security at both the domestic level of these countries and in the international arena by clarifying and removing the ambiguity from the laws and regulations, promoting the principle of ease of access = to laws, employing the presumption of innocence principle, observing the international human rights and resorting to customary international norms regarding the extension of laws to former criminal behaviors, and by compliance with the principle of predictability of laws (despite the legal and judicial challenges in this field), while preventing the impunity of the perpetrators of international crimes under their jurisdiction.

The aim of this study was to identify methods for detecting composition and fraud in meat foods.

An extensive literature review was conducted in 2022 using the electronic databases: Web of Science, Scopus, SID, and PubMed. The search was limited to articles published in English from 1970 to 2022. Search terms used were “fraud”, “meat products”, “Iran,” “ authentleication,” “detection,” and “adulteration”.

Genetic-based molecular tests (PCR) and less use of histological and chemical tests were used to detect fraud and its type in meat products. PCR was used in 30 cases to identify the type of cheating in meat products such as sausages. Histological methods were used in 19 cases to detect type of violation.

Molecular methods for detecting food fraud are highly accurate; therefore, they have the highest detection rate.

Rescue and preservation of refugees and disaster victims depend on delivering cost-effective, nutritionally sound food options. Utilizing food items enriched with vital nutrients and immune system fortifiers is imperative to bolster and sustain proper immune system functionality. This study explores the immunomodulatory impacts of two emergency rations on the immune system using a murine animal model.  In this study, four sets of ten Balb/c strain mice aged between 4 and 6 weeks, weighing 17.8 to 18.9 grams, were handpicked. Two of these groups were subjected to treatment diets designated as 1 and 2, while the other two groups were provided with control diets numbered 1 and 2 administered at 3 to 4 grams daily over eight weeks. Following the 8-week dietary intervention, blood samples were collected to evaluate interleukin-4 (IL-4), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), immunoglobulin G 1 (IgG1), and IgG2 levels.  The outcomes revealed that the treatment groups exhibited significantly higher IFN-γ levels than their control counterparts. Additionally, the IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio was consistently elevated within the treatment groups as opposed to the control groups. There was a significant enhancement in cellular immune responses within the treatment group, as indicated by an increase in Th1/Th2 cell ratios. Moreover, in the treatment group, there was a significant increase in IgG2 antibodies and a corresponding decrease in IgG1 antibodies compared to the control group.  Based on the results, using emergency rations in mice increased cellular immune responses in both treatment groups.

The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of an alginate coating containing peppermint essential oil (PEO) and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) against Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157: H7 inoculated on beef fillets and subsequently stored at a temperature of 4 ± 1 °C for 12 days.

Beef fillet samples were divided into four groups: CON group (without any coating solution), ALG group (coated with alginate solution), ALG + PEO group (coated with alginate solution containing 0.1 % (w/v) PEO), and ALG + SLN-PEO group (with alginate solution in combination SLN containing 0.1 % (w/v) PEO). The samples were then analyzed for the presence of inoculated E. coli O157: H7 and S. Typhimurium during refrigerated storage.

The ALG + SLN-PEO coating had a larger impact in controlling the growth of pathogenic bacteria on beef fillets compared to the other treatment groups.

According to the obtained results, the ALG + SLN-PEO coating could potentially be used in the food industry to reduce the risks associated with contamination of beef fillets by E. coli O157: H7 and S. Typhimurium.

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is the gold standard approach to restore blood flow in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI); however, the no-reflow phenomenon as a potential complication of PPCI can worsen the outcomes. It has been hypothesized that adjunctive prophylactic intracoronary infusion of low-dose fibrinolytic might improve the PPCI outcomes; however, this theory is a matter of debate. The current study aims to investigate the value of adjunctive prophylactic intracoronary low-dose alteplase to prevent the no-reflow phenomenon in patients with STEMI. This case-control study was conducted on 80 STEMI patients who underwent PPCI. The patients were assigned into the case group who were intervened by 10 mg adjunctive intracoronary alteplase immediately at the end of the balloon angioplasty (n=40) and controls (n=40) who underwent conventional PPCI only. The angioplasty-associated outcomes including final TIMI score, need for no-reflow treatment, ST-segment resolution, post-PPCI complications, and death were compared between the groups. Alteplase use was accompanied by significantly improved final TIMI flow scores (P-value<0.001) and fewer requirements for no-reflow treatments (P-value<0.001); however, it did not improve the ST-segment resolution (P-value=0.491). The mortality rate and post-angioplasty complications did not differ between the groups (P-value>0.05). Based on the findings of this study, adjunctive infusion of low-dose intracoronary alteplase during PPCI could not efficiently prevent the no-reflow phenomenon. Although the final TIMI flow and need for post-stenting no-reflow treatment improved, ST-segment resolution did not occur dramatically. Given that, this approach requires further investigations and should be considered cautiously.

The present study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical properties (refractive index, acid value, peroxide value, conjugated dienes, Fatty acid composition) and level of aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2) in the sesame oils (cold press) consumed in Iran. In total, 30 sesame oil samples were collected from factories (n=20; industrial) and traditional mills (n=10; non-industrial). No significant differences were observed between the industrial and non-industrial sesame oil samples in terms of the physicochemical properties and AF contamination and therefore, it is not possible to prefer the consumption of one of the oils (industrial or non-industrial) to another. According to the physicochemical examination, the mean peroxide value was 2.93±1.59 and 1.95±1.24 meq/kg, the acid value was 0.86±0.82 and 1.12±0.58 mg KOH/g, the refractive index was 1.4,706±0.0002 and 1.4,705±0.0001 at 28°C, and the conjugated diene value was 12.13±3.25 and 10.02±1.43 μmol/g in the industrial and non-industrial sesame oil, respectively. In addition, the fatty acid profile of the industrial and non-industrial sesame oil indicated high levels of unsaturated fatty acids (84.5% and 83.49%, respectively), with the main fatty acids determined to be oleic acid and linoleic acid. The fatty acid profile of the sesame oil samples indicated no adulteration with other vegetable oils. The mean contamination with AFB1, AFB2, and AFG1 in the non-industrial sesame oil was estimated at 0.06±0.26, 0.02±0.67, and 0.15±0.18 µg/kg, while the mean contamination with AFB1, AFB2, and AFG1 was 0.04±0.84, 0.03±0.61, and 0.17±0.16 µg/kg in the industrial sesame oil. Moreover, the AFB1 and AFs levels in all the sesame oil samples were significantly lower than the Iranian legislation limits (5 and 15 µg/kg, respectively) and the European Union (2 and 4 µg/kg, respectively). Risk assessment based on the margin of exposure revealed the risk of AFB1 and AFG1 exposure through industrial and non-industrial sesame oil consumption and AFB2 exposure through industrial sesame oil consumption.

The present study aimed to determine the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oil extracted from Ziziphora clinopodioide (ZCEO) in vitro. Furthermore, the study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of chitosan nanoemulsion coating containing ZCEO and nisin in inhibiting the growth of Listeria monocytogenes inoculated on chicken breast fillets that were inoculated and vacuum-packaged, and stored at a temperature of 4±1 °C for 16 days.

The chemical composition and in vitro antibacterial activity of ZCEO were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and microdilution method, respectively. The chicken breast fillet samples were divided into seven groups, namely, the control group (uncoated) without vacuum, control group with vacuum, chitosan nanoemulsion without vacuum, chitosan nanoemulsion with vacuum, chitosan nanoemulsion with 0.5% ZCEO and vacuum, chitosan nanoemulsion with nisin and vacuum, and chitosan nanoemulsion with 0.5% ZCEO, nisin, and vacuum. All the samples were stored in a refrigerator, and the population of L. monocytogenes was enumerated on days 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16.

the chemical analysis of ZCEO revealed that carvacrol, thymol, and p-cymene were the three main compounds present in the oil. Application of chitosan nanoemulsion coatings, specifically chitosan nanoemulsion + ZCEO 0.5% + vacuum and chitosan nanoemulsion + nisin + vacuum, resulted in a significant reduction in the growth rate of L. monocytogenes in chicken breast fillet samples during storage. In addition, the chitosan nanoemulsion coating containing the combined ZCEO and nisin was found to be more effective in reducing the growth of L. monocytogenes during the storage period.

Based on the results of this study, chitosan nanoemulsion + ZCEO 0.5% + nisin + vacuum coating can be used to reduce the risks that might be associated with L. monocytogenes in chicken breast fillets.

Over the last decade, artificial intelligence in medicine has been growing. Since endometrial cancer can be treated with early diagnosis, finding a non-invasive method for screening patients, especially high-risk ones, could have a particular value. Regarding the importance of this issue, we aimed to investigate the risk factors related to endometrial cancer and find a tool to predict it using machine learning.

In this cross-sectional study, 972 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding from January 2016 to January 2021 were studied, and the essential characteristics of each patient, along with the findings of curettage pathology, were analyzed using statistical methods and machine learning algorithms, including artificial neural networks, classification and regression trees, support vector machine, and logistic regression.

Out of 972 patients with a mean age of 45.77 ± 10.70 years, 920 patients had benign pathology, and 52 patients had endometrial cancer. In terms of endometrial cancer prediction, the logistic regression model had the best performance (sensitivity of 100% and 98%, specificity of 98.83% and 98.7%, for trained and test data sets respectively,) followed by the classification and regression trees model.

Based on the results, artificial intelligence-based algorithms can be applied as a non-invasive screening method for predicting endometrial cancer.

Considering the characteristics governing security crimes and the complexity of the discovery and the preliminary investigation process related to these crimes, it is important to review and analyze the legislative policies in this area. Therefore, with the brevity and ambiguities that exist in the area of security crime proceedings, the purpose of writing this article is to estimate the existing challenges and provide solutions to solve them.

In terms of purpose, this research is practical and in terms of the nature of the data and the method of implementation, it is qualitative research and exploratory. For data analysis, the method of content analysis of interviews and related scientific documents has been used. For this purpose, the legal provisions related to security crimes proceedings, jurisprudential and scientific sources were examined and 25 organizational and non-organizational experts (academic experts, judicial authorities and crime detection officers) were selected in a targeted manner and the theoretical saturation stage was conducted in-depth interviews. It was done. The reliability and validity of the data was confirmed based on three indicators: "Transferability", "Verifiability" and "Reliability Audit".

Based on the results of the content analysis of the reviewed documents and the conducted interviews, the challenges in the field of detection and investigation of security crimes in the police investigation process can be divided into 34 basic themes and 4 organizing themes (silence, ambiguity), summary and legal void) and two overarching themes (the need to revise the law and develop a differential procedure).

Due to the substantive and formal characteristics governing security crimes, as well as the ambiguity or brevity in the existing legislative policies, the process of discovery and preliminary investigation of these crimes is always accompanied by challenges, especially in the face of ensuring and guaranteeing the rights and freedoms of individuals.In the field of criminal policy, in order to resolve the ambiguities in the process of discovering and prosecuting these crimes, it is necessary to adopt a codified differential procedure or to amend and update existing laws in this field.

Fish is often more perishable than most other foodstuffs. Microbial progression, enzymatic activity, and non-enzymatic oxidation of fats reduce the quality of fish and its products. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the nano-gel emulsion and emulsion gel of an alginate coating containing Zataria multiflora essential oil (ZMEO) on the chemical and sensorial quality of rainbow trout fillet (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during 16 days of refrigerated storage (4±1°C). The fish fillets were treated with alginate coating, alginate emulsion with different ZMEO concentrations (E0.25%, E0.5%, and E1%), and nano-emulsion with different ZMEO concentrations (N0.25%, N0.5%, and N1%). Afterwards, the fillets were analyzed for chemical changes (pH, TVB-N, TBARS, PV, FFA, and fatty acid profile) and sensory properties (color, texture, flavor, odor, and overall acceptability) on days zero, four, eight, 12, and 16. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21 using ANOVA, Bonferroni post-hoc test, and Dunnett T3 test to assess significant differences at P<0.05. The results of chemical analysis showed an increasing trend (pH, TVB-N, TBARS, PV, FFAs, MUFAs, and SFAs) during the storage period (day 16) although the rate was slower in the nano-emulsion treatments. Furthermore, the sensory properties of the samples decreased during the storage period, while using ZMEO in the alginate coating (especially in the nano-emulsion form) showed better results compared to the control. According to the results, the alginate coating containing ZMEO (especially in the nano-emulsion form) could preserve the chemical and sensorial quality of the fresh trout fillets for four days.

In this paper, a neural approach based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks is proposed to diagnose patients suffering from Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Considering the movement disorders caused by PD, the proposed method investigates the gait cycle pattern of subjects based on vertical Ground Reaction Force (vGRF) measured by 16 wearable sensors placed in subjects' shoes. In this study, it is shown that the temporal patterns of the gait cycle are different for healthy persons and patients. Therefore, by using a recurrent structure like LSTM, able to analyze the dynamic nature of the gait cycle, the proposed method extracts the temporal patterns to diagnose patients from healthy persons. To reduce the number of data dimensions, the sequences of corresponding sensors measuring vGRF in different feet are combined by subtraction. This method analyzes the temporal pattern of time series collected from different sensors, without extracting special features representing statistics of different parts of the gait cycle. Indeed, the method can extract temporal features based on learning, without using expert knowledge. Finally, the Accuracy and F1 Score of the model trained with all data is $99.87\%$, and $96.66\%$ respectively.

One of the most important issues raised about art is its relationship with the real world. Plato condemned art. In his opinion, art was a mere imitation of the elements of the world, and because of this, it distanced the audience from the truth. In confronting this opinion, Aristotle considered art to be a spontaneous and compensated imitation which possesses the unique capacity to convey meaning through its structure, influencing the perception and emotions of its audience. Rancière criticizes these two ways of thinking about art, which he calls the Ethical and the Representational regime respectively, as he believes that they endorse the establishment and upholding of a hierarchical system in society that subordinates individuals according to their function and position, and thereby perpetuates the existing social order. He calls this system the distribution of the sensible. In his theory, he argues that conveying the message through artwork is not achievable, and that the effectiveness of art can only be achieved through a revolution in the sensible and redistribution of it which happens in the Aesthetic regime.The current research studies the play Pardeh-khaneh by Bahram Beyzaie as an example of a work that can not cannot be included in the framework of the aesthetic regime in a descriptive-analytical way and by referring to library data. Through the logic of consensus, this play divides its world into two separate and opposite groups, which can be seen as corresponding to the dualities of dominant/subjugated and good/bad. The members of each group are similar to each other, and are under the influence and control of a transcendental component in a pyramidal form. This play advances a single action based on a coherent plot and finally reaches a certain conclusion through which the playwright wants to convey a certain knowledge to his audience. Therefore, by refering to Rancière’s theory, this play is placed in the realm of representational regime.

In this article, the moral aspects of the concept of tragic catharsis from Aristotle's point of view are studied. This study is based on the connections between moral aspects in the concept of tragic catharsis with the same aspects in musical catharsis from the viewpoint of Aristotle.In “Poetics”, it is stated that tragedy causes catharsis in the audience by arousing the emotions of fear and pity. Aristotle mentioned the term catharsis only once in “Poetics”. Apart from this, in the eighth chapter of his treatise on “politics”, he discussed the types of catharsis resulting from music. In the eighth chapter of his “Politics”, Aristotle believes that some types of music are more effective in the moral education of the audience. These more effective types arouse the audience's emotions with processes far from extremes, and the result of this arousal of emotions is the balancing of those emotions in the audience. As in “Nicomachean Ethics”, the main condition for virtuous action ensuring happiness is the observance of the rule of moderation, and for tragedy in “Poetics”, which is the imitation of actions and life, such a condition is given for the virtuous action of tragic character. In “Politics” also is pointed out that works of good imitation (including music and tragedy) must be produced through moral simulation with the objective objects of their representation in reality that are influenced by emotions. Thus, tragic catharsis under certain conditions, with mechanisms similar to musical catharsis, provides the moral moderation of human emotions. The questions of this research are as follows: First, what are the connections between the moral aspect of tragic catharsis and musical catharsis? And secondly, what is the connection between the feelings of pleasure and pain resulting from musical catharsis with these feelings in tragedy from a moral point of view? This is a qualitative research and it has been done in a descriptive-analytical way based on library data (mainly Aristotle's original works). Also, due to the large number of complex technical terms in Aristotle's work, a specialized method of confrontation between translated texts and the authentic English version has been performed as part of the research method.