mohammad nodargah

The bacterial resistance to antibiotics have become a worldwide health concern. Tetracycline has not been excluded, its low price and broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent activity have led to high consumption in the aspects of health care and food hygiene. Escherichia coli is an indicator of bacterial species in food, human, and livestock health, which has led to a good model for studying antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the E.coli strains tetracycline resistance status in food, human and animal populations of Iran up to 2018. The discussion about food is important as a common area of human, animal populations and environment and also as one of the resistant strain transmission factors. A survey of the study’s results showed that the average resistance to Tetracycline in poultry with Colibacillosis 86/74 percent, human isolates 64/11 percent and food isolates are 60/9 percent. Regarding this level of resistance, it is recommended that the distribution and consumption of tetracycline in Iran should be discontinue for a period of time in order to reduce the population of resistant strains by other antibiotics and methods. The molecular epidemiology and affecting factors of resistance creation should be evaluate.

Brucellosis or Malta-Fever, is a zoonotic disease that cause by gram negative brucella bacteria and is a serious health problem in the Mediterranean area. It usually transmitted to humans from livestock or tainted livestock products. Brucellosis in humans followed by consumption of raw milk, its products and soft cooked meat. It’s endemic as well as in our country and it has increased in recent years. Regarding the health of milk and its products due to the high value in humans food is paramount important and contamination of milk and its products from important ways of disease transferring, therefore in this article provides overview of dairy-products contamination as one the important transfer ways since 1948 to 2016. There are several methods to diagnose, but in recent years, according to the molecular methods such as PCR or serology ones as ELISA due to the sensitivity and a high degree of accuracy are payed attention. Prevention, control and eradicate program of brucellosis have been different according to the economic condition various in countries and broadly eradicate and control of brucellosis is important from tow aspects of health and economic. Raise up awareness of poultry- mans and educating consumers by the mass media and raise up awareness about transferable disease from milk and its products can be useful.