mohammadamin habibi

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common cause of non-traumatic disability in young individuals. There are limited reports of developing demyelinating events following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination.

We reported all individuals (n = 8) with new MS diagnoses with recent exposure (≤ 6 weeks) to the Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV) vaccine between September 2021 and June 2022. We also reviewed the related literature published as of September 2023.

Of 338 newly diagnosed patients with MS who attended our tertiary referral MS center during the study period, 8 (2.36%) had their first demyelinating attack with a median interval of 2 [2.0, 4.0] weeks following the Sinopharm vaccine (sex ratio 1:1, median age: 20.5 [18.0, 27.0] years). No personal or family history of autoimmune/neurological disorders was documented, except for one patient's history of a previous potential demyelinating event and another's family history of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). All patients had demyelinating brain MRI lesions, and 4 had cervical spinal cord involvement. The brain areas most commonly affected were the periventricular and subcortical regions. Positive oligoclonal bands (OCBs) in all patients supported the MS diagnosis. All patients were diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS and received intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) alone or in combination with plasma exchange (3/8). Rituximab was the most frequently used disease-modifying treatment (3/8).

This study provides preliminary evidence of a potential association between the Sinopharm vaccine and the initial manifestations of MS. However, further larger-scale studies with control groups and long-term follow-ups are needed to confirm this association and determine the underlying mechanisms.

Early effective treatment and appropriate coverage are vital for full-thickness wounds. Amnion membrane-derived products have recently emerged in tissue engineering. However, the optimal concentration, carrier for controlled release, and handling have remained challenges. This study aims to develop and optimize an in situ forming, amniotic-based hydrogel for wound healing.

Here, a composite matrix was fabricated with gelatin hydrogel modified with methacrylate functional group conjugated (GelMA) and keratose (wt.1%), loaded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs, 1×105 cell/ml) and optimized soluble amniotic membrane (SAM, 0.5 mg/ml). The physicochemical properties of the final subject were evaluated in vitro and in vivo environments. 

The results of the in vitro assay demonstrated that conjugation of the methacryloyl group with gelatin resulted in the formation of GelMA hydrogel (26.7±1.2 kPa) with higher mechanical stability. Modification of GelMA with a glycosaminoglycan sulfate (Keratose) increased controlled delivery of SAM (47.3% vs. 84.3%).  Metabolic activity (93%) and proliferation (21.2 ± 1.5 µg/ml) of MSCs encapsulated in hydrogel improved by incorporation of SAM (0.5 mg/ml). Furthermore, the migration of fibroblasts was facilitated in the scratched assay by SAM (0.5 mg/ml)/MSCs (1×105 cell/ml) conditioned medium. The GelMA hydrogel groupes revealed regeneration of full-thickness skin defects in rats after 3 weeks due to the high angiogenesis (6.3 ± 0.3), cell migration, and epithelialization. 

The results indicated in situ forming and tunable GelMA hydrogels containing SAM and MSCs could be used as efficient substrates for full-thickness wound regeneration.

Mesenchymal stem cells are a promising approach for the regeneration of damaged tissues. Engineered scaffolds loaded with cells is one of the methods of cell transplantation at the site of injury. However, viability of the cells loaded in the scaffold is still a challenge. Growth factors have a proven role in increasing the metabolic activity of cells. Amniotic membrane solution is a rich source of growth factor. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal concentration of amniotic membrane solution on the behavior of mesenchymal stem cells in in vitro.

Amniotic membrane solution was prepared by enzymatic method in predetermined concentrations. Mesenchymal stem cells loaded in hydrogel were treated with different concentrations. The viability, proliferation, and metabolic activity of the cells were evaluated.

Cytotoxicity of amniotic membrane solution was measured by MTT method. Increasing the concentration from 0.1 to 1 mg/ml did not show any toxicity, and at the concentration of 1.5 mg/ml, a decrease in optical density (OD=0.58±0.012) was observed compared to the control (OD=0.39±0.014). The metabolic activity of the cell loaded in the hydrogel at a concentration of 1 mg/ml had a significant increase compared to the control group ( p 0.012) and the amount of DNA content in this group (19.6 ± 0.9 ng/matrix) confirmed it.

It is suggested that amniotic membrane solution as a rich source of growth factor with an optimal dose of 1mg/ml increases the viability and metabolic activity of the MSCs-loaded scaffold for cell therapy.

Despite the fact that knowledge enhancement workshops are held in medical sciences universities of the country, studies have shown that the status of programs and activities related to these workshops have not been evaluated. In this regard, the present study aimed to describe the experiences of faculty members from knowledge enhancement workshops held at Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

This inductive qualitative study was performed based on conventional content analysis from October 2021 to May 2022. The required data were collected through 18 in-depth semi-structured and in-person interviews with 16 faculty members of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. Participants were selected by purposive sampling method and the sampling continued until data saturation. The data were analyzed in MAXQDA software (version 10) using the Braun and Clarke method.

The interviews were divided into more than 401 open codes, 31 subcategories, 14 categories, and 2 main categories (themes). The themes that emerged included "challenges and weaknesses" and "solutions to improve the workshops". The theme of challenges and weaknesses was divided into eight categories, including the topic needs assessment, appropriateness of the content, methods of holding and teaching, registration in workshops, the time of workshops, the place of workshops, evaluation methods, and instructors of workshops. Moreover, the theme of solutions was divided into six categories, namely improvement of the selection process of instructors, usage of the capable and expert selection process of instructors, improvement of the topic needs assessment methods, modification of content matters, facilitation of information channels, and improvement of the categorization evaluation system.

The main goal of knowledge enhancement workshops is to improve the abilities of professors. Therefore, paying attention to the challenges, weaknesses and providing solutions can improve the quality of these workshops and also encourage the faculty members to participate in them.

Introduction:

Several clinical manifestations have been discovered for COVID-19 since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2,which can be classified into early, medium, and long-term complications. However, late complications can be presentafter recovery from acute COVID-19 illness. The present study aims to comprehensively review the available evidenceof late complications related to COVID-19.

A search was conducted, using keywords, through electronicdatabases, which included Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase up to August 29, 2022. Study selection wasperformed according to a strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviewsand Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist was followed, and studies were appraised using the National Institute of Health(NIH) quality assessment and risk of bias tool.

In total, 50 studies were included, and nine distinct COVID-19late complication categories were identified. A review of these studies revealed that neurologic and psychiatric (n=41),respiratory (n=27), musculoskeletal and rheumatologic (n=22), cardiovascular (n=9), and hepatic and gastrointestinal(n=6) complications were the most prevalent complications of long COVID-19.

Almost all human bodysystems are affected by late complications of COVID-19 with different severity and prevalence. Fatigue and some otherneuropsychiatric symptoms are the most common late complications among long COVID-19 patients. Respiratorysymptoms including dyspnea (during exercise), cough, and chest tightness were the next most prevalent long-termcomplications of COVID-19. Since these complications are persistent and late, being aware of the signs and symptomsis essential for the healthcare providers and patients.

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare type of stroke and usually occurs in young people. The most common early clinical sign is a headache and the most common finding on clinical examination is bilateral papillary edema.

Herewith, we have reported the frequency of clinical features, and imaging findings of cerebral venous thrombosis patients. A total of 17 patients with cerebral venous thrombosis with symptoms of stroke were evaluated, 64.7% of patients were female. The Mean±SD age of the patients was 40.41±12.08 years and the Mean±SD number of hospitalization days was 11.76±3.71 days. The most location of thrombosis and neurological symptoms were sigmoid headaches and blurred vision, respectively.

Based on our study, we found that the most common clinical manifestation of CVT is a headache. Papilledema and seizure are also very common, and the most common site of thrombosis in these patients is the sigmoid sinus.

Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) are one of the most common causes of the patientchr('39')s referral to dental clinics. Considering the role of related factors in its creation, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relative frequency of factors related to temporomandibular disorders in patients aged 20 to 50 years referred to dental clinics in Isfahan in 1397.

In this descriptive and analytical study, 324 patients referred to Isfahan dental clinics in 1397 were randomly included. Factors related to TMD and demographic factors of patients were recorded with clinical examination by a trained dentist and self-declaration of patients in the data collection form. The frequency and relevance were analysed by SPSS 22 software and chi-square, fisher and logistic regression statistic tests.

At least one of the TMD related factors was present in 40.7% of the subjects, which the most common factors related to TMD was posterior edentulousness (49.7%). History of jaw dislocation was more common in men (P=0.014) and the frequency of posterior edentulousness was more common in in women (P=0.003). As the age increased, the frequency of posterior edentulousness (P=0.000) and earache (P=0.009) increased. The frequency of posterior edentulousness was higher in housekeepers (P=0.000), the frequency of earache was higher in employees (P=0.005) and the history of jaw dislocation was higher in self-employed persons (P=0.047).

The high prevalence of TMD and related factors, such as a history of jaw dislocation, posterior edentulousness, earache, and clenching, requires attention to be identified and treat these problems.