mohammadreza bahrani

Introduction and Goal:

 In the past few decades, psychologists and mental health specialists have paid increasing attention to the importance of spirituality in the psychosocial health of humans. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between spiritual health and self-compassion and aggression symptoms in college students.

The research was descriptive-cross-sectional and correlational. The statistical population of this research included all the students of Payam Noor University, Asalouye Branch in the academic year 2021-2022, which was selected by available sampling method, 309 students. To collect information, Polotzin and Ellison's spiritual health questionnaire (1982), Neff's (2003) self-compassion questionnaire, and Buss and Perry's (1993) aggression questionnaire were used. In addition to descriptive statistics, data analysis was performed with Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression with SPSS-26.

The findings showed that there is a difference between the total score of self-compassion (p<0.05 and β=0.33) and its dimensions including self-kindness (p<0.05 and β=0.134), mindfulness (p<0.05 and β=0.157), human commonality (P<0.05 and β=0.111), with spiritual health has a positive and significant correlation, but this relationship between self-criticism dimensions (P<0.05 and β=-0.132 ), isolation (P<0.05 and β=-0.098) and extreme identification (P<0.05 and β=-0.124) were negative and significant with spiritual health among students. Also, there was an inverse and significant correlation between the total score of aggression (r=-0.612 and P<0.014) and its dimensions with spiritual health. Regression analysis also showed that 28% of the variance of spiritual health was explained according to predictor variables.

According to the findings, it can be said that by planning to improve the spiritual health of students, psychological vulnerability can be reduced in them.

The present study aimed to investigate the efficiency of parent behavior management intervention based on Gottman's intervention in reducing parental stress and children's aggression, through a virtual (online) education system, In 1400 in Bushehr. 

In this research, which is a quasi-experimental type, through targeted sampling and based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 31 mothers were randomly divided into two groups, i.e., intervention and the waiting list. Then they were evaluated by the Parental Stress Questionnaire and Achenbach scale. The validity of the therapy program was confirmed through the content validity index (CVI = 0.94). The intervention was formulated in eleven 90-minute sessions.

Variance analysis, repeated measures, and post hoc tests were used to analyze the quantitative data. The findings showed the efficiency of parent behavior management intervention based on parent emotional intelligence coaching in reducing parental stress (p= 0.03, f=5.03). Children's aggression (p= 0.03, f=5.55) through a virtual (online) education system compared to the waiting list group in both the pretest and post-test stages, and in addition to alleviated parental stress, children's aggression was also generally reduced.

The findings of this study emphasize the effect of online parent management training intervention based on the Guttman protocol in reducing parental stress and children's aggression, Therefore, it is suggested that therapists use online parent management training intervention as a useful method.

Undoubtedly, the birth and presence of an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) child in any family is an unpleasant and challenging event and prevents the performing of the parent's normal functions. Mothers of children with special needs, especially ASD, experience more psychological problems. There is much evidence that mothers of these children experience higher levels of general anxiety than mothers of other exceptional children. Frustration and deprivation due to the child's abnormality cause isolation, disinterest in relating to the environment, low self-esteem, a feeling of worthlessness, and low parenting self-efficacy. Eventually, this situation causes depression and endangers the mother's mental health. The present research aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy with coping strategies training on increasing self-esteem and parenting self-efficacy in mothers of ASD children.

The quasi-experimental study has a pretest-posttest and follow-up design with a control group. The study population consisted of all mothers whose children were treated and educated in ASD education centers in Booshehr City, Iran. In total, 30 willing and volunteered to participate in the study were selected and randomly assigned to three groups (acceptance and commitment therapy, coping strategies training, and control group, each group was 10 people). The experimental groups participated in 8 sessions once a week for eight continuous weeks, while the control group did not receive treatment. The inclusion criteria included not having severe physical illness and maternal psychosis, having a child with ASD being treated and studying in one of the educational centers for children with autism, and having at least primary education for mothers. The exclusion criteria were the symptoms of mental disorder during the training session, and receiving psychiatric treatment and, having a history of receiving cognitive-behavioral training, absence from two or more sessions in the intervention program. The instruments for gathering required data consisted of Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) and Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale (Dumka et al., 1996). The obtained data were analyzed at the level of descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (repeated measure analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post hoc test) at the significant level of 0.05 in SPSS version 16 software.

Results showed that acceptance and commitment therapy and coping strategies training significantly improved mothers' self-esteem and parenting self-efficacy in the experimental groups compared to the control group (p<0.001). The effect of both interventions was significant from the pretest to the posttest (p<0.001) and from the pretest to follow-up (p<0.001). But it was not significant from the posttest to the follow-up (p>0.05). Also, no significant difference was observed between the average scores of the experimental groups in the variables of self-esteem (p=0.668) and parenting self-efficacy (p=0.056).

According to the study findings, both interventions are effective in increasing self-esteem and parenting self-efficacy, and there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of these two interventions. Therefore, therapists can use these two therapeutic and educational approaches, especially acceptance and commitment therapy, a new wave of cognitive-behavioral treatments.

in recent decades, new perceptions of beauty have been defined and beauty is defined as attractiveness and perfection. The aim of this study was to determine the fit of the structural model of the relationship between the tendency to cosmetic surgery with a negative body image and irrational beliefs mediated by cognitive emotion regulation in women applying for cosmetic surgery in Bushehr.

The present study was correlational and structural equation model study. The statistical population of this study is all women applicants for surgery who referred to beauty clinics in Bushehr in 2020. The sample size consists of 400 women who were selected by available random sampling method. Data collection tools were, tendency to cosmetic surgery (Etemadifar & Amani, 2013), Body image (Littleton, 2005), irrational beliefs (jones, 1969) and cognitive emotion regulation (Garnefski, 2001) questionnaires.

The results showed that negative body image and irrational beliefs predicted the tendency to cosmetic surgery in women by mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. Also, data analysis showed the appropriateness of the indicators and indicated a good and acceptable fitness for the hypothesized model. The findings of the structural model showed that the path of negative body image and irrational beliefs with cognitive emotion regulation is significant directly and with a tendency to cosmetic surgery mediated by cognitive emotion regulation.

The results of this study can introduce a protocol for psychotherapists and counselors in providing specialized counseling to women seeking cosmetic surgery to correct irrational beliefs and cognitions and teach coping styles to reduce negative body image and irrational beliefs and increase cognitive emotion regulation.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between irrational beliefs and early maladaptive schemas with tendency to cosmetic surgery in women seeking cosmetic surgery. The method of the present study was a correlation model of structural equation model. The statistical population of this study included all women applicants for cosmetic surgery who referred to beauty clinics in Bushehr 2020/1399. The sample size consisted of 400 women who were selected by available sampling method. Data collection tools were, Tendency to Cosmetic Surgery (Etemadifar & Amani, 2013/1392 s.c.), Irrational Beliefs (jones, 1969), Early Maladaptive Schemas (Young, 2005) and Cognitive Emotion Regulation (Garnefski, 2001) questionnaires. The results showed that irrational beliefs and maladaptive schemas predicted the tendency to cosmetic surgery in women by mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. Also, data analysis showed the appropriateness of the indicators and indicated a good and acceptable fitness for the hypothesized model. The findings of the structural model showed that the path of irrational beliefs and maladaptive schemas with cognitive emotion regulation is significant directly and with a tendency to cosmetic surgery mediated by cognitive emotion regulation.The results of this study can introduce a protocol for psychotherapists and counselors in providing specialized counseling to women seeking cosmetic surgery to correct irrational beliefs and cognitions and teach coping styles to reduce irrational beliefs, modification of early maladaptive schemas and increase cognitive emotion regulation.

The purpose of this research was the effect of social skills training in a group manner based on Glaser's approach on changing the identity style of delinquent boys in Bushehr city. The present research method is semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design. The statistical population of the present study consists of all juvenile delinquents in Bushehr city. The sample size of this research includes 30 people, which was obtained through simple random sampling. The data collection tool in this research was Berzonsky's (1992) identity style questionnaire. The findings showed that the average score of informational, normative and commitment identity styles in the subjects of the experimental group in the post-test phase is higher than that of the control group, but the average score of the variable identity style of confusion-confusion in the subjects of the experimental group in the post-test phase is less than The control group shows the positive effect of social skills training on informational, normative and commitment identity styles and the negative effect of social skills training on confused-avoidance identity style in the subjects of the experimental group compared to the control group. The general conclusion of the research showed that by strengthening social skills training in a group manner based on Glaser's approach among delinquent teenagers, it is possible to help improve their identity style in schools.

 The most important, valuable and costly resources of the organization are the human resources employees. It is obvious that the employees of every organization need it. The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of social and communication skills training on public interactions and the efficiency of naval personnel.

 The statistical population in the present study consisted of all naval personnel of Ganaveh city in 2018. The research sample consisted of 30 (15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group) naval personnel, who were selected through available sampling. The semi-experimental research method of the pre-test-post-test type was equal to the control group and they responded to the research tools, which were the public interaction questionnaire and the efficiency questionnaire. Analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) method was used to analyze the data.

 The results of the data analysis showed that social and communication skills training has increased people's interactions and the efficiency of seafaring personnel in the experimental group compared to the control group. In the research, it showed that there is a direct relationship between the improvement of employees' interactions with clients in economic, social, psychological and occupational issues.

In the past, cosmetic surgery was performed to restore the normal function and shape of an organ of the body, but today, cosmetic surgery has lost its original function. The aim of this study was to determine the fit of the structural model of the relationship between the tendency to cosmetic surgery with the attitude to fashion and negative body image mediated by cognitive emotion regulation based on the type of surgery in women applying for cosmetic surgery in Bushehr.

The method of the present study was a correlation model of structural equations. The statistical population of this study included all women applicants for cosmetic surgery who referred to beauty clinics in Bushehr in 2020. The sample size consisted of 400 women who were selected by available random sampling method. Data collection tools included Etemadifar and Amani (2013) Tendency to Cosmetic Surgery Questionnaire, Rezaei Fashion Attitude (2014), Littleton et al. Body Image Concern Inventory (2005), and Garnefski (2001) Cognitive Emotion Regulation.

The results showed that the attitude to fashion and negative body image mediated by cognitive emotion regulation predicted the tendency to cosmetic surgery in women. The findings of the structural model showed that the direct path of attitude to fashion and negative body image with cognitive emotion regulation, and with the tendency to cosmetic surgery mediated by cognitive emotion regulation is significant.

Data analysis showed the appropriateness of the indicators and the model had a good fit. The results of this study can introduce a protocol for psychotherapists and counselors in providing specialized counseling to women seeking surgery to correct irrational beliefs and cognitions and teach coping styles to reduce negative body image and fashion and increase cognitive emotion regulation.

Today, cosmetic surgery is considered as one of the most common surgeries in the world and various factors are influential in this field. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and tendency to fashion with tendency to cosmetic surgery in women seeking cosmetic surgery.

The method of the present study was a correlation model of structural equation model. The statistical population of this study included all women applicants for cosmetic surgery who referred to beauty clinics in Bushehr 2020. The sample size consisted of 400 women who were selected by available sampling method. . Data collection tools were, tendency to cosmetic surgery (Etemadifar & Amani, 2013), Fashion Attitude (Rezaei, 2014), Early maladaptive Schemas (Young, 2005) and cognitive emotion regulation (Garnefski, 2001) questionnaires.

The findings showed that the variables of tendency to fashion and early maladaptive schemas, mediated by cognitive emotion regulation, predicted the tendency to cosmetic surgery in women. Also, the findings of the structural equation modeling indicated the significance of the direct path coefficients of the tendency to fashion and the early maladaptive schemas with the cognitive emotion regulation.

The results of this study can introduce a protocol for psychotherapists and counselors in providing specialized counseling to women seeking surgery to correct irrational beliefs and cognitions and teach coping styles to reduce the tendency to fashion and early maladaptive schemas and increase cognitive emotion regulation

The birth of a child with authistic spectrum disorder is a challenge to the family, especially to mothers. The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance commitment therapy and coping strategies in decreasing anxiety and despair in mothers of children with autism.

This qausi-experimental multigroup pre-test, post-test design with a control group enrolled 30 mothers of children with autism who were being treated in teaching-treatment centers of Booshehr city using convenience sampling. They were randomly classified into three groups. The experimental groups participated in eight sessions of 90 minutes in 8 weeks, while the control group did not receive anyinterventions. Beck Anxiety Inventory and Beck Hopelessness Scale were used to collect research data. The collected data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and Tukey post hoc test.

Results showed that acceptance commitment therapy and training coping strategies significantly decreased anxiety and despair in mothers in the experimental groups compared to those in the control group (p<0.01), but the decrease was not significant in the follow-up stage. Tukey's test showed acceptance commitment therapy was significantly more effective for anxiety than training coping strategies in the
post-test (p<0.01).

Our findings showed that both treatments were effective in decreasing anxiety and despair. Hence, therapists can use these two therapeutic and training approaches, especially acceptance commitment therapy, which is a new wave of cognitive – behavioral therapy.

Datura plants cause poisoning in addition to properties and therapeutic applications in consumer and contain hyoscine, hyoscyamine, scopolamine and atropine with anticholinergic properties, which blocks peripheral and central muscarinic receptors. Introducing patient: In this report, a case of death due to poisoning by eating Datura seeds diagnosed with poisoning and autopsy is presented. A 24-year-old man after taking an unspecified amount of Datura seeds in order to benefit from some of the health benefits of the Datura plant showed symptoms of alertness, lower blood pressure and reduced sensory reflexes to treat will be transferred to the hospital. Hematuria and other clinical signs and symptoms of bleeding in the digestive system were revealed. Despite the use of the treatments such as blood transfusions and medications including benzodiazepines, these treatments were not effective, and death occurred. Necropsy findings included yellowing of the skin, pallor, bleeding, bleeding under the conjunctiva, jaundice in the sclera, signs of restoration in the chest, and minor scratches and a bruise on the right side and parallel to the surface of the abdomen and waist were observed. Finally, considering the history of consuming the Datura seed, clinical and paraclinical findings as well as necropsy findings with GCMS confirmation of availability of hyoscine, hyoscyamine, scopolamine in victim’s blood, the cause of death for him was reported poisoning with Datura seeds. In conclusion, the availability of wildlife seed and the sale of it in traditional herbal markets, it makes it essential to reduce the harmful effects of this product with increasing the knowledge of the community about Datura and similar herbal remedies.