mostafa hosseini

Assessing the risk levels of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) can assist in making informed choices about their treatment and rehabilitation. To assess the prognostic value of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in neurological deficit (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS]), functional independence (Modified Rankin Scale [mRS]), and mortality following AIS. 

The search encompassed Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science until June 2023. Two autonomous researchers incorporated articles by the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the included studies were assessed using the quality assessment of prognostic accuracy studies (QUAPAS) tool. 

Ten articles were included, with evidence suggesting that IGF-1 may have prognostic value in AIS outcomes. Several studies reported positive associations between IGF-1 levels, reduced neurological deficits, improved functional independence, and lower mortality. Additionally, intraindividual fluctuations in IGF-1 after AIS were identified as a potential predictor of recovery in functional independence, though significant inconsistencies exist in the findings. 

 The available studies with a very low level of evidence are not sufficient to firmly endorse the applicability of IGF-1 as a prognostic factor for mortality, neurological disability, and functional independence.

Since one of the most important accidents in Iran is road accidents and most of the causes of traffic accidents and incidents are related to the human factor and cultural intelligence, the aim of this study is to present a model for improving road safety and reducing accidents, with an emphasis on the human factor and safety culture. In this descriptive-analytical study with a statistical population of 50 ordinary people and 50 traffic police officers through simple random sampling, the required data were obtained through two survey and library methods. The questionnaires were analyzed using Minitab17 software. The findings indicated that there is a significant relationship between cultural intelligence and the culture of countries in reducing accidents, between adopting a lenient policy against traffic violations in society and reducing accidents, between the media and schools with reducing accidents and promoting culture, and between improving the culture of using public transportation with reducing accidents. In addition, the analytical results show an inverse and significant relationship between cultural intelligence and traffic violations; in such a way that by increasing and strengthening cultural intelligence and traffic awareness of people, accidents will be reduced.

Cisplatin resistance presents a considerable hurdle in the treatment of ovarian cancer, significantly impacting patient outcomes and limiting the effectiveness of chemotherapy. This study employs advanced bioinformatics techniques-including RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), DNA sequencing (DNA-seq), and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq)-to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance, with a particular focus on the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC02381. Our findings reveal that LINC02381 is significantly upregulated in ovarian cancer cells exhibiting resistance to cisplatin, suggesting its pivotal role in mediating this phenomenon. We further demonstrate that cytokines, particularly interleukin-12 (IL-12), secreted by immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, activate the Wnt signaling pathway. This activation leads to the binding of the transcription factor TCF7 to the promoter region of LINC02381, resulting in enhanced expression of this lncRNA. Notably, this interaction establishes a positive feedback loop in which LINC02381 not only promotes its own expression but also amplifies Wnt signaling activity. This cascade ultimately drives the upregulation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, which are crucial for the efflux of cisplatin from cancer cells. Thus, the drug's intracellular concentration is reduced, and cell survival under chemotherapy pressure is facilitated. These insights uncover a novel mechanism of cisplatin resistance driven by the IL-12/Wnt/TCF7/LINC02381 axis, highlighting the complex interplay between immune signaling and drug resistance in ovarian cancer. Our findings suggest that targeting this regulatory pathway may offer promising therapeutic strategies to overcome chemotherapy resistance, paving the way for improved treatment outcomes in patients with ovarian cancer. Future research should focus on validating these mechanisms and exploring potential interventions that disrupt this feedback loop.

The present paper deals with the historical overview and the reception of William Shakespeare’s Sonnets in contemporary Iran. The authors examine the chronology of Persian translations of Shakespeare’s Sonnets (both scattered and book-length ones) during a century which is a considerable period of time in the examination of the reception of any author in another culture. As poetry is not the most popular genre in Persian translation, the Persian translations of William Shakespeare’s Sonnets suffered from a lot of fluctuations. It was in the latter part of the nineteenth century, a turning-point in the history of the country, that Shakespeare was introduced into Iranian audience for the first time. It started with scattered translations and ended in book-length ones. This study indicates early Persian interest in Shakespeare’s Sonnets which was followed by a lull. The reason behind it was two-fold: the translation of foreign poetry was dominated by French and Russian languages, and the rich tradition of Persian poetry does not feel the need to translate foreign poetry. The reception of Shakespeare’s Sonnets was followed by renewed interest in 1998-2017 and finally book-length translations began to thrive. All in all, Shakespeare’s Sonnets did not have a great influence on Persian poetry, as it was expected.

The study of thematic similarities and influence of authors on each other is necessary because it helps us to understand their works much better. This paper, through the prism of comparative folklore, deals with thematic similarities between a poem from Sa’di and a story from Boccaccio, and answers the following questions: Can we consider the thematic similarity between Sa’di’s “The Arab Horse” and Boccaccio’s “The Falcon of Federigo” as an example of similarity or influence studies? Can it be regarded as an example of “International Tales”? Is it possible that they have a common source? Because of the historical-geographical closeness and the nexus of transmission (such as the Crusades, medieval Spain, or trade with the Levantine countries) Sa’di’s “The Arab Horse” and Boccaccio’s “The Falcon of Federigo”, unlike thematic similarities, can be regarded as an example of influence studies. Also, it cannot be regarded a kind of direct adaptation. In addition, Boccaccio’s familiarity with Sa’di’s poem, and even Ufi’s anecdote, is impossible. The two stories, possibly, are two different narratives of a “tale type” because they share great similarities in themes and the order of the events, so they may have one common source. In all possibilities, an original Arab oral or written narrative of the story went to Europe by Crusaders or through the Latin, as a lingua franca, and finally influenced Boccaccio.

Over two hundred and fifty years ago, Sir William Jones first translated a ghazal by Hafiz into English, both in prose and verse. Since then, various translators have employed prose, verse, and creative translations to render Hafiz’s poems, either in full or in part. Among these, verse translation—whether in prosodic or non-prosodic poetry—has been the most prevalent. However, only a few translations have successfully conveyed the formal and thematic subtleties of Hafiz’s ghazals. One notable example is Gertrude Bell’s 1897 work, Poems from the Divan of Hafiz. This translation, which includes forty-two ghazals and an additional piece, is widely regarded by both Iranian and non-Iranian specialists as one of the most successful and acclaimed translations of Hafiz’s poetry. Bell’s translation is considered a somewhat free rendition of Hafiz’s ghazals and is complemented by an Introduction and Notes. Esteemed orientalists, including Edward Brown, have praised the Introduction as one of the most informative English writings on Hafiz and his era. However, this Introduction contains several historical inaccuracies. This paper aims to identify and correct these historical errors using authentic historical sources related to Hafiz’s time. Furthermore, it seeks to demonstrate, with evidence, the origins and pathways of these inaccuracies in Bell’s Introduction.

The available evidence suggests that urinary calprotectin may be a potential biomarker in distinguishing between intrinsic acute kidney injury (AKI) and prerenal AKI. 

The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of calprotectin in identifying pediatric acute renal impairment. 

A search of the Medline, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science electronic databases was conducted on April 27, 2024. Diagnostic studies conducted on the value of urinary calprotectin in AKI were included. Two independent reviewers assessed the search records and any disagreements were resolved by discussion. The risk of bias was assessed using quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS-2) guidelines. The performance of urinary calprotectin in diagnosing AKI and its discriminatory ability between intrinsic and prerenal AKI were evaluated by calculating the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI), as well as sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC). 

Seven studies were included. The mean urinary levels of calprotectin in AKI were significantly higher than those in the non-AKI group (SMD=0.73; 95% CI, 0.50%, 0.97%; I2=0.00%). The mean urinary levels of calprotectin in pediatrics with intrinsic AKI were significantly higher than in those with prerenal AKI (SMD=0.76; 95% CI, 0.48%, 1.05%; 95% CI, 0%). Urinary calprotectin exhibited a sensitivity of 0.937 (95% CI, 0.829%, 0.978%) and a specificity of 0.252 (95% CI, 0.126%, 0.442%) for distinguishing intrinsic AKI from prerenal AKI. Additionally, the AUC of urinary calprotectin in differentiating intrinsic AKI from prerenal AKI was 0.691 (95% CI, 0.541%, 0.809%). 

Urinary calprotectin demonstrates fair screening performance characteristics for differentiating intrinsic from prerenal AKI in children. However, the low specificity necessitates additional diagnostic testing in cases with positive results.

Fodder beet can be used as a new and valuable product to provide fodder needed by livestock. It can be used for dry forage, pasture, silage, seed production and human nutrition (Lee et al., 2004). American agricultural department also recommend different fodder beets cultivars to the farmers who seek the cultivation of forages with high economic and biological performance in dry and semi dry areas of this country (Fasahat et al., 2019) . Due to its high production potential, optimum nutritional value, and the ability to be preserved as a dry hay and silage, fodder beet can be grown in many areas of Iran with different climate conditions for forage production (Taleghani et al., 2020). But, these findings need to be refined, improved and tested for local climatic, soil and crop conditions. The aim of this experiment was to determine the best cultivar from compairing of morphological and yield of two cultivars in autumn cultivation of fodder beet in Kordkuy and Bandar Torkman regions.

This research was conducted in Golestan province during the 2021-2022 growing season. This research performed in Kordkoy and Bandar-Torkeman. Experiments consisted of two fodder beet (Beta vulgaris L.), The number of planting lines was 100 with a length of 100 meters and 50 cm interval between the lines. To measure traits 10 bushes were randomly harvested by using quadrate. The total surface area under cultivation was measured. To find crop production of fodder beet cultivars the results were compared using t-test.

The mean comparison of yield and morphological parameters of two new fodder beet varieties (Beta vulgaris L.) showed that Kara, new fodder beet variety in Kordkuy had a plant height of 139.94 cm, which was 51.19% taller than Timbale cultivar. Timbale produced greater root diameter (13.1 mm) root length and number of leaf (45.05) compared to Kara cultivar. The mean comparison of fresh yield of two fodder beet varieties showed significant differences among the varieties. Fresh forage production of Timbale with a yield of 182.96 ton ha-1 was 48.02% greater compared to Kara cultivar, which gave a yield of 87.86 ton ha-1. The mean comparison of dry yield showed significant differences among the varieties. Dry forage production of Timbale (22.25 ton ha-1) was 43.68% higher than the Kara cultivar, which produced a dry forage yield of 12.53 ton ha-1). Also, the fodder beet varieties of Timbale was superior in terms of morphological parameters as compared to the Kara cultivar. Forage beet cultivation in the country so far has been based on the use of seeds of local mass and only Kara cultivar has been introduced as the first forage cultivar in Iran, which needs to be improved to achieve new cultivars (Taleghani et al., 2020). It indicates that the new fodder beet plants grow better and produce higher yield components.

Overall, the findings of the study showed that Timbale variety performed better relative to Kara. The fresh forage and dry forage production of the new variety (Timbale ) were greater than Kara cultivar. It could be concluded that, by using new fodder beet variety during autumn cropping season, higher yield per surface area might be attained.

Identifying affecting and predictive factors of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome’s (SSNS's) outcome may greatly benefit the proper management of SSNS patients. 

The current systematic review comprehensively reviews all available evidence on the risk factors of SSNS relapse in children and adolescents. 

An extensive search was conducted on the electronic databases of Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus until February 18, 2024. Studies investigating the risk factors of relapse were included in this systematic review.

A total of 11 articles were included. Age, gender, and laboratory variables, such as serum creatinine and serum protein are not risk factors for relapse in these studies. Possible associations were reported for risk factors, such as the number of relapses and response time. Overall, the studies reported conflicting results on the value of relapse risk factors.

Although factors, such as hematuria, hypertension, time from treatment to response, and number of relapses have been proposed as possible risk factors for relapse, no conclusion can be reached due to the heterogeneity of studies. Future studies should have more conforming designs to make comparisons more reliable.

The main purpose of this research is to design the framework of talent-grabbing university in the higher education system.

The present research is qualitative and of meta-synthesis type. This method is a tripartite situation of data analysis, theories and research methodology and goes far beyond the summarization of research findings. In fact, it is the integrated synthesis and interpretation of findings from qualitative studies in such a way that it provides a general picture of events, concepts and phenomena which has been done using the seven-step method of Sandelowski and Barroso.

Data analysis was done using the thematic analysis method. Identified themes were re-examined in a focus group discussion session using a virtual social network to reach an agreement on the extracted categories. All the factors extracted from the researches were considered as themes, and these themes were classified into 41 basic themes and 9 organizing themes based on the concepts related to the concept of talent-grabbing university.

Conclusions and suggestions: 

Based on the findings of the research, it is possible to understand the special characteristics of talent-grabbing universities that make them attractive and desirable for faculty members and talented students. These features, beyond theirstructural, equipment and financial features that can be found in most of the mother and comprehensive universities, emphasize the features that have been forgotten in most of the universities. These talent-grabbing universities bring mental and spiritual peace, goodness and heart and inner satisfaction to faculty members and talented students. Therefore, beyond the size and geographical location of the university, they can turn it into a talent-grabbing university.

Innovation and originality:

 It can be said that the researches carried out in the field of internal and external evaluation and talent management in higher education in Iran and abroad are more focused on methods, techniques and strategies to attract and retain talented faculty members and students. It is necessary, but the present research moves from the central role of universities in finding and attracting and keeping faculty members and talented students, taking into account special privileges or awards. It has come to focus on the attractive characteristics of universities that make talented students and faculty members compete to get to these universities without special points.

Quantile regression is a valuable alternative for survival data analysis, enabling flexible evaluations of covariate effects on survival outcomes with intuitive interpretations. It offers practical computation and reliability. However, challenges arise when applying quantile regression to censored data, particularly for upper quantiles. The minimum distance approach, utilizing dual-kernel estimation and the inverse cumulative distribution function, shows promise in addressing these challenges, especially with higher-dimensional covariates.

This study contrasts two methods within the realm of quantile linear regression for survival analysis: check-based modeling and the minimum distance approach. Effectiveness is assessed across various scenarios through comprehensive simulation.

The simulation results showed that using the quantile regression model with the minimum distance approach reduces the percentage of root mean square error in parameter estimation compared to the quantile regression models based on the check loss function. Additionally, a larger sample size and reduced censoring percentage led to decreased root mean square error in parameter estimation.

The research highlights the benefits of using the minimum distance approach for quantile regression. It reduces errors, improves model predictions, captures patterns, and optimizes parameters even with complete data. However, this approach has limitations. The accuracy of estimated quantiles can be influenced by the choice of distance metric and weighting scheme. The assumption of independence between censoring mechanism and survival time may not hold in real-world scenarios. Additionally, dealing with large datasets can be computationally complex.

Since social commitment is one of the main components of ethics and determines social order and order, this article is presented with the aim of investigating the level of social commitment of the citizens of Tehran and tries to investigate the factors affecting this variable.

This research was done with a quantitative method and through a survey. The sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula and 384 residents of Tehran city over 18 years of age were interviewed through multi-stage cluster probability sampling with a questionnaire. The validity of the research was achieved through face validity.

The average feeling of social obligation of people is 3.8, satisfaction of individual needs is 2.8, the amount of social solidarity is 3.5, emotional dependence is 4.2, the feeling of social control is 2.4, the feeling of deprivation is 2.2, and the correlation coefficient of each with The dependent variable is 0.29, 0.61, 0.51, 0.43 and -0.22 respectively. With a significance level of less than 5%, all hypotheses were confirmed.

In multiple regression analysis, 2R is also 55%. The results confirm the serious impact of the mentioned variables on the feeling of social obligation, which requires that these factors, especially those with the highest correlation coefficient with the dependent variable, should be further strengthened according to the research proposals in order to increase the feeling of social obligation and, as a result, social order.Keywords: social obligation, social order, social control, social solidarity, emotional dependence.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of identity components on students' attitudes towards the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom, and researchers have tried to answer the question that what components of identity have an effect on students' attitudes towards the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom?

The present study is a quantitative study and is based on a survey approach. The statistical population of this study includes students of the University of Grand Ayatollah Boroujerdi (e) which was selected through random sampling. The sample size was estimated to be 271 people using Sample Power software and the data related to this research were analyzed using SPSS 26 software and its structural equation modeling was performed using Amos Graphic 24 software Has been.

The results of examining the research hypotheses using Pearson correlation show that the highest correlation between identity components with students' attitudes toward the culture of self-sacrifice and martyrdom is related to individual identity with a correlation of 0.831, cultural identity, respectively. 0.821, political identity is 0.788 and geographical identity is 0.732 with a significance level of 0.000 and the results of the findings indicate the influence of five different components of identity on students' attitude towards the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom. Also, modeling the structural equations of this study according to the model fit criteria, shows a good fit of the model and the support of experimental data from the theoretical model of the research.

Ignoring outliers in data may lead to misleading results. Length of stay (LOS) is often considered a count variable with a high frequency of outliers. This study exemplifies the potential of robust methodologies in enhancing the accuracy and reliability of analyses conducted on skewed and outlier-prone count data of LOS.

The application of Zero-Inflated Poisson (ZIP) and robust Zero-Inflated Poisson (RZIP) models in solving challenges posed by outlier LOS data were evaluated. The ZIP model incorporates two components, tackling excess zeros with a zeroinflation component and modeling positive counts with a Poisson component. The RZIP model introduces the Robust Expectation-Solution (RES) algorithm to enhance parameter estimation and address the impact of outliers on the model’s performance.

Data from 254 intensive care unit patients were analyzed (62.2% male). Patients aged 65 or older accounted for 58.3% of the sample. Notably, 38.6% of patients exhibited zero LOS. The overall mean LOS was 5.89 (± 9.81) days, and 9.45% of cases displayed outliers. Our analysis using the RZIP model revealed significant predictors of LOS, including age, underlying comorbidities (p<0.001), and insurance status (p=0.013). Model comparison demonstrated the RZIP model’s superiority over ZIP, as evidenced by lower Akaike information criteria (AIC) and Bayesians information criteria (BIC) values.

The application of the RZIP model allowed us to uncover meaningful insights into the factors influencing LOS, paving the way for more informed decision-making in hospital management.

The effectiveness of various extrinsic and intrinsic regulatory signals on food intake and body weight can be influenced by hypothalamic neuropeptide-Y (NPY) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons. While several studies emphasize the vital role of regular physical activity in effective weight management, how these molecular and cellular processes interact with physical activity remains an area in need of further exploration. Hence, this study aims to investigate the impact of various long-term physical activities intensities on the regulation of body weight and appetite.

Twenty-one Wistar rats (n=7) were randomized into three groups: 1) Control group, 2) a group engaged in regular exercise at moderate intensity for 24 weeks (24-ME, 5 days each week), and 3) a group frequently and intensively exercising over 24 weeks (24-IE, 5 days each week). Subsequently, Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods were performed to measure gene expression of hypothalamic arcuate nucleus NPY and POMC, as well as serum levels of acyl-ghrelin and leptin.

The POMC mRNA level decreased in the 24-ME group compared to the control rats. However, intensive regular exercise increased NPY expression compared to the control rats. Inversely, body weight and food intake levels were considerably higher in the 24-ME and 24-IE groups than in the control group. Different intensities of prolonged exercise seem to heighten appetite, eventually increasing body weight through distinct molecular pathways.

Hence, it can be concluded that prolonged intensive exercise may not be a practical approach for weight loss.

The purpose of this article is to examine the degree of social sentiment in the city of Tehran and to attempt to quantify the variables that are examined in this investigation.This research was conducted utilizing a quantitative approach and a survey. The sample size was ascertained utilizing Cochran’s formula, and 384 adults who were residents of Tehran city and were at least 18 years old were surveyed via questionnaire and multistage cluster probability sampling. The reliability of the research was ascertained via face validity, while its reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha.According to the findings, the mean level of social commitment among the participants is 3.8, socialization is 3.9, religiosity is 3.0, life satisfaction is 2.7, exchange frequency is 3.2, and anomie is 2.1. The correlation coefficients between each of these variables and the dependent variable are as follows: -0.22, 0.65, 0.53, 0.35, and 0.14, respectively. At a level of significance below 5%, every hypothesis was validated.With the exception of the sentiment of anomy, which exhibits an inverse relationship with the dependent variable, the sentiment of social commitment is positively correlated with all other variables. The degree of social commitment exhibited by individuals of varying levels of education varies, with men demonstrating a greater degree of commitment than women. 2R equals 53% as well. The results validate the significant influence of the aforementioned variables on the perception of social commitment, which can assist government officials in formulating policies and conducting planning.

Chaos theory, which examines the behavior of dynamical systems that are highly sensitive to initial conditions, provides a powerful framework for understanding the complexities and unpredictability inherent in engineering project management. This narrative review explores the application of chaos theory to engineering projects, focusing on nonlinear dynamics, predictability, and uncertainty management. By synthesizing the literature, the review highlights the limitations of traditional linear approaches in predicting project outcomes and underscores the importance of adaptive and flexible management strategies to cope with chaos-induced uncertainties. The review also discusses tools such as scenario planning, risk management frameworks, and robust design techniques, which enhance project resilience in the face of chaos.

 There is a close relationship between Comparative Literature and Translation Studies, especially in the domain of influence studies. The famous German poet, novelist and dramatist, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, from his early youth was somehow interested to the East, in the inclusive sense of the word, and regularly read the books, in different European national languages, on East and its people. While reading these miscellaneous books that he became acquainted with Muslims’ religious book, the Holy Quran, and greatly was influenced by it. This impact is quite conspicuous, notably, in his most comprehensive book of poetry, West- Eastern Divan (1819). The present paper tries, through the prism of Comparative Literature especially influence studies, to investigate historical and personal evidences. At the beginning Goethe’s familiarity with the Quran and its translations which he read are elaborated on. Later on, the twelve books of West- Eastern Divan and its long epilogue, Notes and Papers Written for a Better Understanding of Divan, are analyzed very precisely, and Goethe’s sources of inspiration are, one by one, identified and explained.

Due to the progress of the digital image world and increasing numbers, preparing a system for image retrieval is essential. A content-based image retrieval system should find similar images to the image search by a user. In this paper, a novel content-based image retrieval system is proposed. Considering the importance of texture in an image, we introduce a new feature as the histogram of the texture difference in the equal edge orientation. Then, the expressed features are extracted from training images in the proposed system. Then these features are learned using a support vector machine. The proposed system is examined using the standard WANG database. The results show the efficiency of the proposed system in retrieving images compared to similar methods.

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common sensorimotor sleep disorder, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that causes disability. Previous studies showed that the prevalence of RLS varies in different populations of RA (13.2 – 68.4%). It raises the need for a pooled meta-analysis to determine a more reliable estimate. Therefore, we aimed to perform a meta-analysis to assess the pooled prevalence of RLS in RA patients.

Meta-analysis was performed according to the PRISMA checklist. Embase, MEDLINE, Ovid, Web-of-Science, and Scopus databases were used for the systematic search, and eligible studies were analyzed using R version 4.0.3. For further review, we performed sensitivity analyzes to identify influential studies.

Of a total of 763 studies, 11 studies (3 were from Europe, 4 from North America, and 4 from Asia) were suitable for synthesis. A total of 931 RA patients were identified, 300 of whom had symptoms of RLS. The pooled prevalence of RLS among people with RA from 11 studies was 34% (95% CI: 26-43%). The pooled prevalence of RLS in Europe, Asia, and North America was 48% (95% CI: 32-65%), 32% (95% CI: 18-45%), and 28% (95% CI: 15-42%), respectively. RLS prevalence was dramatically high in RA women patients (32% CI: 23-41%) than RA men patients (3%; 95% CI: 2-5%).

This systematic review and meta-analysis indicates that the risk of RLS in RA patients was 34% and female patients with RA were more prone to having RLS than male patients.

In this study, for the first time, thermoplastic polyurethane granule (TPU) is used as a reinforcing phase and self-healing agent in a polymer composite epoxy resin (ER) to exhibit mechanical properties recovery. When the polymer composite is damaged or cracked, TPU granules are released at the site of damage and cause auto-repair of surfaces. Therefore, TPU granules with different composition percentages were mixed in silicon molds containing epoxy resin polymer composite. 4 samples with different TPU granules percentages were selected (A= 0 Wt.% TPU, B=10 Wt.% TPU, C=20 Wt.% TPU, and D=30Wt.% TPU). At first, making a deep cut in 4 polymer composite samples, the self-healing process and mechanical properties improvement are investigated by mechanical tests. In the self-repairing behavior of self-healing samples, it is observed that polymer composite samples with self-repairing agents of ER+20 Wt.% TPU granules had the highest self-healing efficiency (60.2%) compared to other specimens. A mechanical test shows that Sample C has a higher Young’s modulus (4.837 MPa) and higher tensile strength (9.46 MPa). Also, the impact test illustrated Sample C has a higher impact energy of 7.1 (J/m). Therefore, sample C has the highest mechanical properties among self-healing samples.

In 2017, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) updated clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of hypertension in children. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension in Iranian children based on the latest guidelines.

Data on 7301 student participants (3589 boys and 3712 girls) aged between 7-12 yr were assessed. The data were extracted from the fifth Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and Prevention of Adult Non-communicable Disease (CASPIAN V) school-based study conducted in the 30 provinces of Iran in 2015. Blood pressure (BP) was classified as normal, elevated BP, and stage 1 and 2 hypertension using weighted analysis and the 2017 AAP guidelines. All analyses were performed in STATA 14.0 statistical software, with findings presented in terms of prevalence.

The overall prevalence of high BP in Iranian children was 14.7%. In addition, 15.1% of boys had high BP, with 9.4% and 1.7% of them with stage 1 and 2 hypertension, respectively. Moreover, 14.3% of girls had high BP, of which 10% had stage 1 and 1.3% with stage 2 hypertension. For elevated hypertension, it was observed in 4% of boys and 3% of girls.

Using the 2017 AAP guidelines demonstrated a higher prevalence of hypertension in children (14.7%) in Iran. The prevalence of hypertension in boys was slightly higher compared to girls.

Critical Theory: An Interdisciplinary Coursebook (in two volumes) is the most comprehensive work written by Dr. Hossein Payandeh in the realm of literary criticism and theory. The present book is a collection of the most widely used critical theories with an interdisciplinary approach. It is written for the post-graduate students (M.A. and PhD students) in humanities. Perhaps the most important feature of the present book is that the author has brought, in a very simple and lucid language, the theory and practice together. Also, for some chapters of the book an example is given from classical and contemporary Persian literature (both poetry and prose) and for some others the examples are taken from contemporary press and finally they are analyzed through the prism of discussed critical theories to make it more accessible. Some critical theories and approaches are missing in the book e.g. Deconstruction approach, Postcolonial theory, and Marxist theory.

The present systematic review and meta-analysis aims to conduct a comprehensive and complete search of electronic resources to investigate the role of administrating Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) in improving complications following Spinal Cord Injuries (SCI).

MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Sciences databases were searched until the end of 2019. Two independent reviewers assessed the studies conducted on rats and mice and summarized the data. Using the STATA 14.0 software, the findings were reported as pooled standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). 

A total of 34 preclinical studies were included. ChABC administration improves locomotion recovery after SCI (SMD=0.90; 95% CI: 0.61 to 1.20; P<0.001). The subgroup analysis showed that the differences in the SCI model (P=0.732), the severity of the injury (P=0.821), the number of ChABC administrations (P=0.092), the blinding status (P=0.294), the use of different locomotor score (P=0.567), and the follow-up duration (P=0.750) have no effect on the efficacy of ChABC treatment.

The findings of the present study showed that prescribing ChABC has a moderate effect in improving locomotion after SCI in mice and rats. However, this moderate effect introduces ChABC as adjuvant therapy and not as primary therapy.

Hamid Dabashi's The Shahnameh: The Persian Epic as World Literature (2019) is comprised of a foreword, an introduction, five chapters, a conclusion and an appendix. The chapters are entitled as follows: The Persian Epic, Ferdowsi, the Poet, The Book of the Kings, Epics and Empires, and Empires Fall and Nations Rise. The book is a study in the field of "World Literature". It is strongly contextualized in post-colonial debates. The author has two major goals in mind: a) to introduce The Shahnameh, to the Western readers, notably students (those who know English) and b) to challenge the concept of “World Literature” in the Western academia. To Dabashi, in our re-conceptualizing the Shahnameh as world literature, first and foremost, the Eurocentric world needs to be reassessed. The “World” in “World Literature,” as we use the term today, is an imaginary (“Western”) world— an imperial, colonial world. The Present book is the product of the author’s many years of teaching at Colombia University. The first chapter is about the genealogy of the Shahnameh, the introduction of the genre of epic writing and its pre-Islamic origin. In chapter two, the biography of Ferdowsi and the historical context of the Shahnameh are described. Chapter three deals with three main components of the Shahnameh (the mythical, heroic, and historical) and its famous and powerful stories. Next chapter traces the history of the Shahnameh in different periods. Finally, the last chapter discusses the later history of the Shahnameh and its political uses and abuses.