nafise shamloo

Pigmented lesions appear with different manifestations in focal, multifocal and diffuse forms and can also be a symptom of a systemic disease. These lesions have a significant prevalence in the head and neck area. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of pigmented lesions in the head and neck region in patients referred to Razi Hospital in Tehran.

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 3000 archived files in Razi Hospital in Tehran in 2018 and 2019. All pigmented lesions in patients under 18 years of age were isolated and analyzed in terms of age, gender, location and histopathological diagnosis. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 and Chi-square and T-test statistical tests. The significance level of statistical tests was considered less than 0.05.

A total of 138 patients under 18 years of age were found with pigmented lesions 56 patients were male (40.6%) and 82 patients were female (59.4%). The average age of the patients was reported to be 11.1 ± 4.6 years. Meanwhile, compound nevus and intradermal nevus lesions were the most prevalent. The most involved sites were cheek (29.7%), nose (16.7%) and head (15.9%). A total of 6 cases of malignant pigmented lesions were found (4.3%).

Nevi types are the most common pigmented lesions in this age group and more frequent in check area.

  Vesiculobullous diseases (VBDs) are a category of disorders resulting from the production of antibodies against the connection of epithelial cells to each other and the underlying connective tissues. The prevalence of these diseases in individuals under 18 years old is significantly lower than in adults, and limited studies have specifically addressed the frequency of these lesions in this age group. This study aims to assess the prevalence of VBDs in patients under the age of 18 at Shahid Beheshti Dental School and Razi Hospital in Tehran from 2010 to 2020 based on age, gender, location of involvement, clinical diagnosis, and histopathology.

 A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed based on the available data in the archives of Shahid Beheshti Dental School and Razi Hospital from 2010 to 2020.

 A total of 2021 cases of VBD were identified, with 29 cases (1.45%) observed in individuals under the age of 18. Lesions showed a slight preference for females, with a female-to-male ratio of 1.23. Adolescents (13-18 years old) were the most affected age group (51.72%). The combination of lesions on the trunk and oral cavity was the most common combination observed in this study (44.82%). Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) (27.58%) was the most prevalent type of VBD, followed by erythema multiforme (EM) (24.13%), epidermolysis bullosa (EB) (20.68%), and bullous pemphigoid (BP) (17.23%).

 In summary, PV was the most common type of VBD in our study region, predominantly affecting females. EM and EB had the highest frequencies, with EB being the most common lesion in the birth to 5 years age group. BP had a lower prevalence in these age groups compared to the general population.

Arteriovenous malformation of head and neck is a rare vascular anomaly but when present, it is persistent and progressive in nature. It can also represent a lethal benign disease due to massive hemorrhage. There are several indications for treatment including age, location, extension and type of vascular malformation. Endovascular therapy can effectively cure most lesions with limited tissue involvement. Surgery can be used in selected cases in combination with embolization. Here, we present a rare case of arteriovenous malformation of mandible with floating tooth appearance in an 11-year-old boy patient. Given the spectrum of imaging presentations seen and the crossover with other lesions, microscopic histopathological examination is the gold standard for diagnosis.

Salivary gland tumors include a wide variety of benign and malignant tumors in the oral and maxillofacial region. Although these tumors are not common, they are not rare. The prevalence of these tumors varies with regard to age, gender, and their location in the body.

This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of benign and malignant salivary gland tumors in patients referred to three referral hospitals in Tehran, Iran.

This retrospective cross-sectional study examined the demographic and pathologic records of the patients with salivary gland tumors submitted to the Department of Pathology of Amir Alam, Loghman Hakim, and Shohada Hospitals from 2005 to 2016. In this study, the histological variants of salivary gland tumors and clinical parameters such as age, gender, and the location of the tumor were examined. The clinical data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21.

Of 137632 patient records, 1180 cases were salivary gland tumors. Pleomorphic adenoma in 794 cases (67.3%) and adenoid cystic carcinoma in 109 cases (9.2%) were the most common tumors, respectively. Salivary gland tumors were more common in males, and the participants’ mean age was 42.86 ± 16.5 years. The most common site was parotid and minor salivary glands, with 937 (79.4%) and 137 (12%) cases, respectively.

In this study, themost common benign tumor was pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland, and themost common malignant tumor was adenoid cystic carcinoma in themajor salivary glands. Furthermore, benign tumors weremore frequent than malignant tumors.

Mel-CAM (CD146, MUC18) is a 113-kD heterophilic cell-cell adhesion glycoprotein found in normal and tumoral tissues.

The aim of this study is assessing the expression of Mel-CAM in common oral carcinomas like salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) to differentiate the OSCC from high-grade MEC.

This study was performed on 19 specimens of MEC and 17 specimens of OSCC, which were retrieved from the archive of Department of Pathology of Taleghani Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Immunohistochemical staining was performed by using antibody against CD146. The data was analyzed by using SPSS software through Mann-Whitney, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and Kruskal-Wallis tests.

Mel-CAM was expressed in all MEC samples and 10 OSCC cases. The two groups were significantly different regarding the CD146 expression (p= 0.035). Furthermore, the CD146 expression was found to be significantly correlated with the invasion mode (p= 0.002), tumor size (p= 0.012), and histologic grade (p= 0.024) in OSCC group. No significant correlation existed between the expression, intensity and location with the histologic grade of MEC (p> 0.05). Nor was any significant correlation detected between the CD146 expression and lymph node metastasis in neither group.

Regarding the significant correlation between the CD146 expression and the prognostic factors in OSCC, this marker may predict the prognosis in OSCC patients, but not the MEC lesions. It cannot be used for differentiating high-grade MEC and OSCC.

Abstract Odontomas are the most common type of odontogenic tumors, which are often discovered by routine radiographic images or after taking films to determine the main cause of the tooth failure eruption or malocclusion. The present study aimed to describe a case of misdiagnosis and similarity of foreign body density in the radiographic appearance to odontoma in a 13-year-old male.

Different modalities have been used to achieve better results in wound healing among which are laser and pharmacological agents. To our knowledge, there is no investigation to compare phenytoin and laser together. In this study, we aimed to evaluate laser and phenytoin efficacy and compare their effect on wound healing. We used 60 rats. The animals were divided into 4 groups, 15 rats in each and each group was subdivided into 3 subgroups for which postoperative evaluation was performed on days 3, 7, and 14. After general anesthesia and back hair shaving of each rat, an excisional wound was made. The wounds in group 2 were treated with 1% phenytoin cream. In group 3, the wounds were irradiated with diode laser. The wounds of group 4 were treated with both phenytoin cream and laser administration. The animals of group 1 served as control. For histopathological evaluation, hematoxylin and eosin staining was used. Polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs), re-epithelization, fibroblasts, new vessels and collagen were evaluated. Faster reduction in polymorphonuclear cells after 7 and 14 days and more collagen fibers on the third day in laser treated group was statistically significant (P <. 05). The result for the phenytoin treated group were not better than control group. When both laser and phenytoin were used samples showed more collagen fibers on the third day, which was statistically significant (P <. 05). It seems that low level laser is effective in skin wound healing and have better results than phenytoin application.

Desmoplastic fibroma (DF) is a rare and locally aggressive intraosseous tumor with unknown etiology. The mandible is the common site of involvement in the maxillofacial region. However, it is believed that DF can arise in any bone of the body. A wide age distribution has been reported for DF occurrence, extending from birth to the sixth decade of life, with a peak incidence at 10 to 19 years of age. In this study, diagnostic and therapeutic management of a 6-year-old girl with a desmoplastic fibroma of the inferior orbital rim and zygomatic buttress are discussed. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed a mixed lesion in infraorbital rim, which had ill-defined borders and a straight thick bony septum inside the lesion. It also involved the zygomatic process of maxilla and zygomatic bone. According to radiologic concepts, this rare lesion may mimic fibro-osseous, benign and especially malignant lesions. Regarding different treatment plans, identification of this lesion is essential. Furthermore, presence of coarse and irregular or straight septa along with some imaging criteria for malignant lesions such as destruction of the cortex, periosteal reaction and soft tissue invasion would be helpful to differentiate this lesion from malignant and multilocular benign lesions..