فهرست مطالب reza davarniya

Various research have shown that positive psychotherapy has been effective on improving mental health indices among patients, but no research has investigated the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on subjective wellbeing of obese women with type 2 diabetes.

The current research was conducted by the aim of investigating the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on obese women with type 2 diabetes

The research was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design-follow-up with the control group. The study population consisted of all obese women with type 2 diabetes, members of the Sanandaj Diabetes Association in 2019, which numbered 758 people. Forty patients were randomly selected as a sample and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (20 Person). The research tools were Rumi and et al.chr('39')s mental well-being questionnaire (2010) and positivist psychotherapy sessions (Rashid and Seligen, 2013). Data analysis was performed by variance analysis with repeated measurement and Bonfroni follow-up test.

Positive psychotherapy significantly increased the mental well-being of the subjects of the group undergoing intervention in the post-test and follow-up stages (p< 0/01). Also, therapeutic intervention was effective in increasing positive emotions and reducing negative emotions in patients (p< 0/01).

Women who participated in positive psychotherapy sessions increased their mental well-being.

the present research was conducted by the aim of investigation the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on subjective wellbeing of women with systemic lupus erythematosus.

the present research was conducted by semi-experimental method in which a pretest-posttest with control group design was used. All the women with systemic lupus erythematosus who were members of association of protecting patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in Tehran in the first half of 2018 constituted the statistical population of the present study. The sample included 40 patients who were selected by purposeful sampling method and, then, were assigned into two groups of experiment and control (20 subjects per group) through random assignment method. The level of subjective wellbeing was assessed by Mowlavi and colleagues’ questionnaire of subjective wellbeing (2010) in pretest and posttest stages. Sessions of positive psychotherapy were held in eight 120-minute sessions for the experiment group’s subjects while the control group stayed in the waiting list. For analyzing the data, univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used by SPSS24.

Results of the current research affirmed the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy in improving subjective wellbeing of the treatment group’s patients (F = 50.44, p < 0.01).

according to these results, it appears that positive psychotherapy is probably an appropriate interventional option for enhancing mental health among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Marriage is one of the most important needs which affects all the life aspects of human beings for almost half a century. The Marriage background is as old as history and since human beings put their feet on the earth, love and affection, marriage and marital conflict have existed, as well. In fact, mental health of humans is greatly dependent on a good and successful marriage. The evolution and development of the human’s personality relies on the quality of his/her relationships, and intimate relationships, in fact, act like therapeutic relationships which can be supportive platforms and human’s shelter against difficulties of life. Studying the relationships of couples helps to clarify the structural frameworks in which the couple relationships form. The imago relationship approach is a theory and therapeutic approach on dating, marriage and the process of marital conflicts formation. The main hypothesis of the imago relationship approach is the fact that relationship is our essence and nature; For we always are in relation to others. We are born in relationship, are harmed in relationship, and are healed in relationship. The imago relationship approach in marital relationship is a tool for attaining a conscious relationship which facilitates the conscious and mutual treatment of the childhood traumas between couples. Based on a theoretical principle, it is believed that we choose our couples according to an unconscious image of an individual who can complete us which is called imago or childhood ideal. The unconscious selection of spouse creates an opportunity to, by increasing empathy, mutual understanding, and relationship with the adult romantic partner, soothe and cure the relationship that we have lost in childhood. In the imago relationship approach, the goal is to align the conscious mind of the individual with his/her unconscious mind, and this method helps individuals to develop and enhance conscious, committed and intimate relationships. The present study was conducted by the aim of investigating the effect of group couple therapy based on imago relationship therapy on improving marital relationship quality.

The present research was a semi-experimental study which used a pretest-posttest with control group design. The statistical population of the present study included all the couples referring to the Rastin counseling and psychological services center in Gorgan city, Iran, in the second half of 2017. The sample of the present study included 16 couples who were selected by available sampling method and were assigned into two experiment and control groups (8 couples per group) by ransom assignment method. The inclusion criteria of the research included: having at least two years history of marital life, having at an education level of at least middle school, not being a divorce applicant, and receiving no individual counseling services outside the therapy sessions. The exclusion criteria of the research included: using psychiatric and psychotropic drugs, history of hospitalization in psychiatric hospitals, and using any type of sedative drugs, alcohol, and norcotics. The data gathering tool was Golombok Rust Inventory of Marital State. The group couple therapy based on imago relationship therapy was conducted in eight 120-minute sessions for the couples of the experiment group while the control group received no intervention. The data were analyzed by univariate analysis of covariance in SPSSv24.

The mean and standard deviation of age was 43.44 ± 6.74 for the experiment group and 41.38 ± 5.37 for the control group. The mean and standard deviation of marriage deviation was 22 ± 7.89 for the experiment group and 20.25 ± 7.21 for the control group. Investigating the information on the education level of the subjects indicated that in the experiment group, four subjects had middle school degree that included 25% of the subjects of the experiment group. 7 subjects had diploma that by composing 43.8% of the subjects, included the highest number of subjects in this group, and finally, 5 subjects had undergraduate education including 31.2% of the subjects in the experiment group. In the control group, subjects with diploma, with 9 individuals, had the greatest frequency of subjects in the control group. After that, we had 4 subjects with undergraduate degrees and 3 subjects with middle school degree. According to the results of the univariate analysis of covariance, the significance of F value for quality of marital relationships (F = 72.65 and p < 0.01) suggests that the effect of couple therapy based on imago relationship therapy is significant, that is, after calculating the pretest’s effect, the difference created in scores of both groups in the level of quality of marital relationships is significant. Moreover, according to the mean of scores of quality of marital relationships in the experiment group in pretest (41.81) and posttest (33), it is determined that the mean scores of quality of marital relationships in the couples of the experiment group have reduced in the posttest stage, and since in the quality of marital relationships questionnaire, the lower the obtained score is, the higher the quality of marital relationships will be, therefore, this indicates the effect of the therapeutic approach on improving the quality of marital relationships. The chi eta shows that 71% of the variance is caused by the effect of couple therapy based on imago relationship therapy.

IRT is a process in which the couples are given information and awareness, and most importantly, they are offered trainings regarding the unconscious aspects of their relationship and a fundamental examination of the origin of their conflicts, and which helps individuals intervene on their problems instead of trying to solve them on the surface. Succeeding in this issue leads to improvement, growth, and affective security towards each other. According to the results of present research, counselors and family therapists are recommended to use this therapeutic model for solving marital conflicts and improving relationships in families.

Marital infidelity is considered to be one of the most important traumatic factors for couples and families, and it is also a prevalent phenomenon for family and marital therapists. The present research was conducted by the aim of investigating the effectiveness of group compassion-focused counseling on internalized shame among women affected by marital infidelity.

The present study was a semi-experimental one that was conducted by pretestposttest and follow-up with control group design. The research population included all the women affected by marital infidelity referring to counseling centers in Gorgan, Iran, in 2019. The research sample composed of 24 women who were selected by purposeful sampling method and were assigned into experiment and control groups by random assignment method (12 subjects per group). The data gathering tool was Cook’s Internalized Shame Scale (1993). Group compassion-focused therapy was provided in 13 120-minute sessions for the experiment group. The data were analyzed by variance analysis test with repeated measures.

The results of variance analysis with repeated measures showed that group compassion-focused counseling led to a decrease in internalized shame in the subjects of the intervention group in the posttest and follow up stages. Moreover, the therapeutic intervention exerted a positive and significant effect on the components of internalized shame (shyness, self-esteem) (p < 0.01).

According to the confirmation of the effectiveness of the compassion-focused approach, family counselors and therapists can use this therapeutic model for reducing the traumas caused by marital infidelity.

Mothers of children with Down syndrome face challenges which lead to increased parenting stress among these mothers. The present research was conducted by the aim of investigating the effectiveness of group positive psychotherapy on parenting stress among mothers of children with Down syndrome. in the frame of a semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest-follow up with control group design. Among mothers of children with down syndrome referring to Navide Asr extensive rehabilitation center in Tehran in 2018, a sample of 40 subjects were selected by purposeful sampling method and were assigned into experiment and control groups through random assignment method. In pretest, posttest and follow up stages, the participants of both groups completed Abidin’s Parenting Stress Index- Short Form(PSI-SF). Sessions of group weekly positive psychotherapy were held in eight 90-minute sessions for the participants of the experiment group, but the control group participants received no intervention until the end of the follow up stage. Variance analysis test with repeated measures in SPSSv20 was used for analyzing the data. results suggested that positive psychotherapy significantly decreased parenting stress among mothers of the intervention group and the results were sufficiently persistent in the one-month follow up stage (p < 0.01). results of the present research confirmed the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy in improving parenting stress among mothers of children with Down syndrome. The results affirm the importance of applying this intervention on psychological symptoms of mothers with Down syndrome and offering new perspectives in clinical interventions.

Academic burnout and academic well-being of factors affecting performance of the students that consider to them is essential. Thus, the present research was conducted by the aim of investigating the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on reducing academic burnout and increasing academic well-being in students.

The present study was conducted by semi-experimental method and used a pretest-posttest with control group design. The population of the research included all the male students of Islamic Azad university of Gorgan branch in 2017-2018 academic years. The sample consisted of 40 students who, after initial interview and based on research inclusion-exclusion criteria, were selected by available sampling method and, then, were assigned into experiment and control groups via random assignment method. For gathering the data, academic burnout questionnaire of Bersu and colleagues (2007) and academic wellbeing scale of Pietarinen and colleagues (2014) were used. The MBSR training was provided for the experiment group in eight 2-hour session in groups (one session per week), but the control group received no intervention. For testing the research hypothesis, univariate multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) in SPSS 24 were used.

Results of analysis of covariance suggested that MBSR training significantly reduced academic burnout and increased academic wellbeing in the subjects of the experiment group compared to the control group (p value < 0.01).

According to the findings of the current study, it is recommended that student counseling centers in universities would provide mindfulness training workshops in order to reduce academic burnout and increase academic wellbeing in students.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a multi-systemic autoimmune disorder with a wide range of clinical manifestations which engages nearly all the bodily tissues and organs such as joints, skin and mucous membranes, blood cells, brain and kidneys and brings about undesirable psychological effects for the affected patients. The present research was designed and conducted by the aim of investigating the effectiveness of spiritual therapy on resiliency among women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

In the frame of a semi-experimental research using pretest– posttest with control group design, among the women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus who were a member of Iran Lupus Association in Tehran in 2018, based on research inclusion/exclusion criteria, 40 women were selected by purposeful sampling method and were assigned into experiment and control groups (20 subjects per group) via random assignment method. The data gathering tool was Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003) which was completed by the participants of both groups in pretest and posttest stages. Spiritual therapy was delivered to the experiment group participants in 10 2-hour sessions in groups with weekly sequence, while the control group stayed in waiting list. For analyzing the data, univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in SPSS 20 was used.

The results showed that, in posttest, spiritual therapy led to significant increase in resiliency among patients of the experiment group compared to the control group (p value < 0.01).

According to these results, it appears that spiritual therapy is probably a suitable interventional option for enhancing mental health among patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

The present research was conducted by the aim of investigating the effectiveness of training of couple communication program (CCP) on reducing couple burnout.

The present research was a semi-experimental research which was conducted by pretest-posttest with control group method.The research population included all the couples visiting Roha counseling and psychotherapy center in Bojnourd city in 2019. Among the qualified couples for participation in the study, 20 couples with highest levels of couple burnout based on the initialscreening were selected by available sampling method, and they were randomly assigned into experiment and control groups. Pains couple burnout questionnaire (1998) was the data gathering tool in the study which was completed by the couples in pretest and posttest stages. The training program (couple communication program) was delivered to the subjects of the experiment group in ten 1.5-hour group sessions. The subjects of the control group were put in the waiting list. The data were analyzed by univariate covariance analysis (ANCOVA).

Results of covariance analysis indicated that couple burnout of the experiment group was reduced in the posttest stage. No significant change was observed in the control group.

Since training of couple communication program was effective on reducing couple burnout, it is recommended that this marital life enrichment program, would be used in training workshops, couple therapy groups and family counseling centers for the purpose of improving communication and increasing marital intimacy in couples.

Marital infidelity is considered to be one of the most important traumatic factors for couples and families, and it is also a prevalent phenomenon for family and marital therapists. One of the consequences of marital infidelity is rumination in the spouse affected by infidelity. The present research was conducted by the aim of investigating the effectiveness of group compassion-focused therapy on rumination in women affected by marital infidelity.

The current research was a semi-experimental study conducted by pretest-posttest and follow up with control group design. The current research population included all the women affected by marital infidelity who referred to Rastin, Aram, Taranom, and Baran psychological and counselling services centers in Gorgan, Iran, in 2019. The research sample composed of 24 women who were selected by purposeful sampling method and were put into experiment and control groups by random assignment method (12 subjects per group). Both groups were assessed using Nolen-Hoeksema and Morrow’s ruminative response scale (1991) in pretest, posttest, and follow up stages. Group compassion-focused therapy was provided in 13 120-minute sessions for participants of the experiment group. The subjects of the control groups did not receive any intervention until the end of the follow up stage. The data were analyzed by variance analysis test with repeated measures in SPSS24.

Mean and standard deviation of the scores of rumination in the subjects of the experiment group were 58.08 ± 2.84 in pretest, 52.50 ± 5.74 in posttest, and 49.50 ± 5.35 in the follow up. In the control group, mean and standard deviation of the scores of rumination were 59.08 ± 1.92 before the intervention, 57.67 ± 1.82 after the intervention, and 58.25 ± 1.96 one month after the intervention. Results of the variance analysis with repeated measures indicated that group compassion-focused therapy has significantly reduced rumination in the intervention group in posttest and follow up stages (P < 0.01, F = 21.33).

Results of the present research confirmed the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy in reducing rumination among women affected by marital infidelity. Family counsellors and therapists can use this therapeutic model for reducing the traumas caused by marital infidelity.

The imago relationship approach is a theory on dating marriage and the process of marital conflicts treatment. Based on the main idea of this approach, choosing the spouse is done based on a mental image from ideal parents which has been formed in childhood, and compatibility with spouse is also reliant on this early image. The present study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of couple therapy based on imago relationship therapy on reducing couple burnout. 

The present research was a semi-empirical study, which used a pretest-posttest with control group design. The statistical population of the present study included all the couples with marital conflicts referring to Rastin counseling and psychological services center in Gorgan, Iran, during the second quarter of 2018. The sample included 20 couples who were selected by available sampling method and were assigned into two experiment and control groups (10 couples per group) through ransom assignment method. The assessment of the subjects was conducted in pretest and posttest stages by using Pines’ marital burnout scale (1996). Eight sessions of group couple therapy based on imago relationship therapy were held for the experiment group while the control group received no intervention.

The mean and standard deviation of the scores of couple burnout among the subjects of the experiment group in pretest and posttest stages equaled 81 ± 21.97 and 68.05 ± 15.66, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of the scores of couple burnout in the subjects of the control group equaled 80.95 ± 16.79 and 82.50 ± 14.31 in pre- and post-intervention, respectively. Results of the covariance analysis suggested that couple burnout in the couples of the experiment group has significantly decreased after receiving the imago relationship therapy intervention.

Couple therapy based on imago relationship therapy enables the couples to understand one another, and experiencing this feeling can lead to increased happiness, intimacy, and empathy in couples and, therefore, reduce couple burnout.

The present study was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy (CFT) in improving parental quality of life and self-efficacy in mothers of autistic children. The present research was conducted by semi-experimental method which used a pretest-posttest with control group design. The population of the current research included mothers of autistic children in 2018 whose children had a case file in the Nedaye Asr rehabilitation center of Tehran. A total number of 40 mothers were selected by purposive sampling method and were assigned into experiment and control groups via random assignment method (20 subjects per group). The levels of parental self-efficacy and quality of life were assessed by Dumka and colleagues’ Parental Self Agency Measure (PSAM; 1996) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (1998) in pretest and posttest stages. The experiment group received the CFT intervention in eight 2-hour sessions. The data were analyzed through univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) in SPSS v20. The results showed a significant difference in the level of parental quality of life and self-efficacy between the subjects of the experiment and control groups in the posttest stage. The results confirmed the effectiveness of CFT in improving parental quality of life and self-efficacy of mothers in the experiment group (P<0.01). As a new therapeutic approach, CFT is probably an appropriate interventional option for decreasing psychological problems and increasing mental health among mothers of autistic children.

Stress is a type of person-environment relationship which is appraised by the individual as stressful or beyond one’s own resources and, as a results, threatens the individual’s wellbeing and welfare. The aim of the present study was to investigate the variables of resilience, coping strategies, and social support as predictors of vulnerability to stress among students. The participants consisted of 375 university students who were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. The stress syndrome scale, checklist of coping skills, adult resilience inventory, and social support Appraisal scale were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed in SPSS-18 using simultaneous multiple regression analysis. Results suggested that the variables of resilience, social support, and coping strategies could predict 50.3% of the variance of vulnerability to stress. The variables of resilience, social support, and coping strategies can predict vulnerability to stress, and making changes in these factors can be effective in reducing vulnerability of people in face of stress.

Brief solution-focused therapy is a collaborative and non-pathological approach for therapy emphasizing on finding the solution by the client with the help and collaboration of the therapist. The research was conducted to examine the effectiveness of brief solution-focused couple therapy in reducing couple burnout among women. The present research has been conducted by a semi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest and follow-up with control group design. The population of the present research included all the women who visited three counseling centers of the welfare organization and also mental helpers. After the initial screening, 30 women, whose scores were the highest in couple burnout questionnaire were selected as the study sample, and they were assigned into two experimental and control groups (15 participants per group). The data were gathered by Pines’s couple burnout measure. The level of couple burnout was measured for the experimental and control group participants before experimental intervention (brief solution-focused couple therapy). Afterwards, the experimental group received the brief solution-focused couple therapy for 7 sessions of 1.5-hour in groups, but the control group received no intervention. Also, the experimental group participated in a follow-up session approximately 5 weeks after the last therapy session. Results showed that brief solution-focused couple therapy has been able to significantly reduce couple burnout in the posttest stage and in the follow-up stage. Brief solution-focused couple therapy can be used for reducing marital problems among couples.

Cancer is among various chronic diseases, and in spite of vast advancements made in medicine, progress of cancer treatments and the increasing number of survivors of cancer, this disease is still unique concerning the feelings of helplessness and deep fear which brings about in the individual. Compared to parents of healthy children, parents of children with cancer are more prone to psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, stress, and mental health threats in general. The present study was conducted by the aim of investigating the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on quality of life in mothers of children with cancer.
The present research was conducted by a semi-experimental method which used a pretest-posttest with control group design. Among all the mothers of children with cancer who visited The Institute of Supporting Children with Cancer (Mahak) in Tehran in 2016, 30 individuals were selected by available sampling method, and they were assigned into experiment and control groups randomly (15 individuals per group). The assessment of quality of life in the subjects was done by The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQL). Participants of the experiment group received acceptance and commitment therapy for 8 sessions, while the control group received no intervention. For analyzing the data, univariate covariance analysis (ANCOVA) and SPSS v20 were used.
Mean and standard deviance of the subjects’ scores of quality of life in the experiment group was 70.40 ± 6.40 in the pretest, and it was 92.87 ± 13.35 in posttest. In addition, in the control group, mean and standard deviance of quality of life was 69.07 ± 5.73 in the pretest, and it was 68 ± 7.58 in the posttest. Results of the univariate covariance analysis suggested that the acceptance and commitment therapy had significantly improved quality of life in subjects of the experiment group in posttest (F = 45.35 and P Acceptance and commitment therapy was effective in improving quality of life in mothers of children with cancer. This therapeutic method is recommended as an appropriate and effective intervention for reducing psychological problems in parents of children with chronic diseases. Keywords: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Cancer, Quality of Life

Autism spectrum disorder has been characterized by problems in social function, communication and having repetitive and stereotype behaviors. Due to ample problems of such children, families and particularly mothers suffer from tensions and psychological pressures. The present research was designed and conducted by the aim of investigating the effect of group based hope-therapy on resiliency of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder.
The present research was a semi-experimental intervention which was conducted by using a pretest-posttest with control group design. The research population included all the mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder visiting Nedaye-Asr rehabilitation center (specialized for autism children) in Tehran in 2016 whose children were diagnosed to have autism disorder by psychiatrist, pediatrician and clinical psychologist. 30 mothers with autistic children who gained the lowest scores in Connor- Davidson Resiliency Scale (2003) and possessed lower resiliency, were selected by available sampling method and were assigned into experiment and control groups through random assignment. After taking the pretest, subjects of the experiment group received 8 sessions of group based hope-therapy, while the control group were put in the waiting list. After finishing the sessions, the participants of both groups were again evaluated by the questionnaire. The research data were analyzed by univariate covariance analysis test (ANCOVA) and by using SPSS v18. R
esults: Results of the data analysis indicated that in the posttest stage, there was a significant different between the participants of experiment and control groups concerning their resiliency level. In another words, the group based hope-therapy sessions enhanced resiliency among the mothers of autistic children.
Based on the research results, the effect of hope-therapy on the resiliency of mothers of children with autism was confirmed. It is recommended that the centers specialized for autistic children across Iran would use the hope-therapy interventional package for the purpose of reducing psychological problems and enhancing mental health of parents of these children.

Commitment is one of the most important components of a successful marriage that without it, the marital commitment will be superficial, apparent and without direction. In this case, the couples are not able to experience the depth of love and intimacy which create because of loyalty, commitment, and marriage. The Study had done the impact of the effect of educational assemble program of practical application of intimate relationship skills (PAIRS) on marital commitment.
This study was a quasi-experimental study that was conducted in a pretest-posttest control group method. The study population was couples that referred to Aram counseling and psychological services center in Gorgan were in the second quarter of 2016. Sample study was 20 couples who were selected and replaced in the experimental and control groups. Evaluation of using Adams and Jones’s standard questionnaire marital commitment took place. Couples of experimental group received the training based on the practical application of intimate relationship skills in 13 weekly sessions of group therapy. Data Analysis with SPSS 20 software and analysis of covariance was performed.
The results showed that the practical application of skills intimate relationship, the couple's marital commitment in the experimental group has improved.
Due to the results of this study recommended to marriage and family counselors that operate of this marriage enrichment program in marital counseling centers and workshops to improve a couple's intimate relationships and increase satisfaction.

The concept of Psychological Well-Being symbolizes a multi-dimensional structure consisting of life attitudes. it has been designed to investigate whether a person is aware of his potential, his goals, the quality of his relationships with others and what he feels about his life or not. The objective of this study is to predict psychological well-being based on social capital and psychological hardiness.
This descriptive–correlation study was conducted on 377 students selected by multi stage cluster sampling in Kharazmi, Islamic-Azad and Payam-e-Noor universities of Karaj, 2012-13 academic-years. The data was collected by Ryff´s Psychological Well-being Scale (PWBS), Delaviz Social Capital Scale (DSCS), and Personal Views Survey Questionnaire (PVSQ (, and analyzed by simultaneous multiple regression method in SPSS 18.
Findings: Results suggested that social capital and psychological hardiness predict 39.3% of the variance in psychological well-being in the students.
Given that social capital and psychological hardiness can predict the variance of psychological well-being in students, psychotherapists can increase the students’ psychological well-being by targeting these factors.

Most parents and teens have attitudes, viewpoints and completely different expectations about family rules, power and interpersonal relationships, leading to parent-child conflict. This study aimed at investigating the impact of REP on reducing parent-child conflicts.
This quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study with control was conducted on third- grade female students of Shahriar city in academic year of 2012-2013. Among the schools, one was selected via random sampling. Then, 20 students with the highest scores on the questionnaire were selected and assigned to two groups of experiment and control through random assignment method. Conflict tactics scale (CST, 1983) was used for gathering the data. After taking pretest from both groups, the educational intervention (REP) was performed for the experimental group in 8 group session, but the control group was put on the waiting list. The data was analyzed by Statistical software, SPSS v.18 & Multivariate Covariance Analysis Test (MANCOVA).
Findings: The result suggested that relationship enhancement program has significantly reduced parent-child conflict and its dimensions (verbal aggressiveness and physical aggressiveness). Other findings indicated that this educational intervention has been significantly effective in increasing the ability of using discursive strategies in students.
It seems that REP has reduced parent-child conflict through delivering effective relational skills, and it has also led to improvement in family relationship quality.

Self-esteem is a psychological phenomenon that has strong influence on the emotional and cognitive aspects of human and is a strong predictor of life satisfaction. As a post-modern approach, short-term solution-focused therapy emphasizes on therapist and client work together to find solutions. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of solution-focused brief therapy on increasing self-esteem in female students.
The present study was an applied research and experimental method with a pre-posttest design with control group. The population included all the second-grade female students of Hashtgerd city high schools during the 2014-2015 Academic year. One school was randomly selected from female high schools in the city and after the initial screening, 24 students who scored below average on the basis of the research tool were selected and randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. The instrument was Cooper Smith self-esteem questionnaire (1967), which was completed by the participants in pretest and posttest. In this study, the experimental group was treated with group practices and weekly method for six weeks. Data was gathered using univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and analyzed in SPSS 18 statistical software.
The findings showed that self-esteem scores in the experimental group had a significant increase compared with the control group. In other words, short-term, solution-focused therapy increased the self-esteem of the experimental group at posttest (F = 164.905 and P Short-term, solution-focused therapy was effective on increasing the self-esteem of female high school students. It is recommended to school counselors to use this effective and efficient approach to better solve the psychological problems of students.

Conscience is one of the most important and an effective variable in improving students’ academic performance. It is important to pay attention and find some methods for enhancing this point. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy on promoting students’ academic conscience.
This pre-experimental pretest-posttest study was conducted on 34 first grade high school students with the lowest score of research questionnaire in Arak, 2012-2013. They were randomly assigned into two groups of experimental and control. The instrument was Mc-Ilroy& Bunting, academic conscience scale. After performing pretest for both groups, 8 one-hour sessions of group cognitive behavior therapy were performed weekly for just experimental one. The data was analyzed by univariate analysis of covariance in SPSS 20.
Findings:The results showed that the cognitive behavioral intervention has improved thee academic-conscience in the experimental group (PDue to the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral training on increasing student's academic conscience, this approach can be used along the formal school programs.

One of distress and psychological anomalies, which decreases or fades the love and affection between couples over time, causes emotional and mental problems, and finally leads to emotional or formal divorces, is couple burnout. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of relationship enhancement program on reducing couple burnout.
This study was of the quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest design with control group and follow-up. The population of the study consisted of all the married couples with marital problems who were referred to Hamyaran Salamat Ravan institute in Bojnurd city, Iran in spring and summer of 2014, and were ready to participate in the sessions. Based on purposeful and available sampling method, 20 couples who had received the highest scores in couple burnout based on inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study were considered eligible to participate in the sessions; they were assigned to intervention and control groups by random assignment (n = 1 per group). The assessment tool was couple burnout measure (CBM) of Pines (1996), which was completed by subjects in pretest, posttest and follow-up (one month) stages. The dependent variable (relationship enhancement program) was held in eight sessions of 1.5 hours in groups with step-by-step method, with the sequence of one session per week for the intervention group. The control group received no intervention until the end of the experiment. The research data were analyzed through univariate covariance analysis in SPSS 18.
The results of the analysis suggested that, at posttest, the relationship enhancement program significantly reduced couple burnout in the experimental group, and the results were consistent enough up to the follow up stage.
The results of this study indicated that the marital relationship enhancement program was effective in reducing couple burnout and this method of intervention can be used as an effective method for improving marital relationships and for solving marital problems of clients in counseling centers and couple-therapy group sessions.

Solution-Focused Brief Therapy is a post-modern approach referring to solutions offered by the clients in cooperation with therapist. We aimed to study the effect of SFBT on Self-efficacy and life satisfaction of female students.
This case control pretest-posttest design was conducted on female high-school students, in grade two, in Karaj in the academic year of 2014-2015. Using multi-stage cluster sampling and after the initial screening, 40 students were selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The instruments were General Self-Efficacy Scale of Shererr et al and life Satisfaction Scale of Dayner et al. the intervention for case group was a six session SFBT program, but the control group was not received any. The data was analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance using software SPSS20.
Findings: The results showed that SFBT was significantly effective in increasing self-efficacy and life satisfaction of experimental group compared to controls.
given the efficiency of SFBT, we recommend using this approach in educational programs of school counselors to solve students’ psychological problems.

According to global and regional statistics multiple sclerosis (MS) is increasingly prevailing all over the world. MS is an auto immune disease of the central system. It has a significant social, psychological and physical impact on the affected individual as well as his or her family. This research examined the effect of MS patient’s caregiver’s participation in group supportive- training therapy on the improvement of patient’s mental health (decrease of depression and anxiety, increase of positive effect).
The present research design is a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental method with control group. The statistical population of research is included relapse-remitting MS Patients of 20-35 years old referring to Iranian MS society in 2013 who resided in Tehran. Sample of this research consists of 24 relapse-remitting MS Patients of 20-35 years old that are selected purposively and they were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The research measure of research was MHI scale of MSQLI inventory which was answered by 24 subjects (experimental & control groups) in pretest-posttest. Caregivers of experimental group attended 8 sessions of supportive-training group counseling that lasted nearly 90 minutes and hold once a week. Caregivers of control group did not receive any intervention. Collecting data were analyzed by using independent “t” test.
The finding of research indicated supportive- training intervention on caregivers of MS Patients was effective on the improvement of patient’s mental health.
Findings of present research show supportive- training intervention for MS Patient’s caregivers is dramatically effective on the patient’s mental health. At last applying proper intervention for MS Patient’s caregivers in other MS Societies on the purpose of improvement of care giving affected patients quality of life is suggested.

Because commitment is related to better communication, greater happiness and more constructive behavior during difficulties is important and thus study factors that designer in marital commitment is important. The aim this study was examine the predictive role of Relationship Maintenance Behaviors and Attachment Styles in marital commitment of personnel of state welfare organization of North Khorasan. This study is a descriptive–correlation study. The study population were all married personnel of state welfare organization of North Khorasan and the sample consisted 155 (67 males and 88 females) persons of they that were selected by multi stage cluster sampling. For data gathering was used from questionnaires such as Marital Commitment and personality Five-Factor Inventory. Data analysis was performed by SPSS18 software and using Pearson Correlation and enter multiple regression methods.Results showed that relationship maintenance behaviors and attachment styles predict 38/7% of variance of marital commitment and positively and significantly correlated with it. The relationship maintenance behaviors and attachment styles are important predictive factors for marital commitment and may with teaching the relational maintenance behaviors to wives, promote and teaching the good parenting styles to patent, enhance of stanch and commitment to the marital commitment in wives.

Most of the couple therapy interventions approaches are to decrease marital conflict and increase mental health among couples. The present research was conducted by the aim of investigating the effectiveness of Brief self-regulation couple therapy on couple burnout in couples of Saveh city. The method was Quasi-Experimental and the design was pre-test Post-test and follow-up with control group. The sample of this research includes all the couples who visited counseling centers under supervision of the state welfare organization of Saveh (Aramesh, Mehregan &Yara) in the first half of 2013, and who agreed to the researcher's request for attending couple therapy sessions because of marital conflicts and problems. Using available sampling, 16 couples who attained the highest scores in Couple Burnout Questionnaire and were qualified to attend the sessions were chosen and were placed in two groups of experiment and control (each having 8 couples) by random replacement. For the purpose of gathering the data, Pains Couple Burnout Measure 1996 (CBM) was used that was filled as the pretest by both groups. Then, couples of the experiment group underwent a brief self-regulation couple therapy intervention for the duration of 8 sessions of one-hour by the sequence of one session per week, but the control group received no intervention and they were put in the waiting list. After finishing the treatment a post-test was taken by both groups and one month after the last therapy session, a follow-up test was taken by both groups. Data were analyzed by using SPSS18 and methods of descriptive statistics and mixed variance analysis. Results indicated that brief self-regulation couple therapy, significantly decreased couple burnout in couples, and the results have had enough consistency in the follow-up period, as well. The present research's results showed that self-regulation couple therapy can be used as an intervention option in decreasing marital problems.