s. moradi

Fiber metal layered composites (FMLCs) are widely used in industries such as aerospace due to their superior mechanical properties and lightweight nature. Compared to aluminum alloys and composite materials, FMLCs offer better properties. In this study, three-layer samples were made with Al1050 on the outer layers and Kevlar, carbon, and glass fibers as the core. The bending properties of these FMLCs were analyzed both numerically and experimentally. The experimental samples were made using different fibers with two angles of 0 ̊- 90 ̊ and ±45 ̊. Springback was investigated using a U-shaped bending die. The effects of punch speed (V), fibers angle (Ɵ), and punch radius (RP) on the springback (Sb) of the samples were evaluated. The experimental and simulation results indicate that reducing punch radius and speed leads to a decrease in springback. Furthermore, springback was lower in 0 ̊- 90 ̊ samples compared to the ±45 ̊ ones.  Based on the findings, three regression models were developed for springback prediction and the models demonstrated acceptable accuracy.

The increasing frequency and intensity of fire in forests and rangelands is a very worrying issue. Forest and rangeland fire is a common natural or human disaster that has a great impact on the vegetation structure, ecosystem carbon storage, fauna and flora, forest landscape, and invasion of introduced plant species. Accurate assessment of forests and rangelands fire risk and its zoning can be of great practical importance in preventing fire and reducing its damages in line with efficient environmental management. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the risk of forests and rangelands fire and its zoning by integration of Group Analysis Hierarchical Process (G-AHP) and Frequency Ratio (FR) method within Geographic Information System.
 This research was carried out in a part of the middle Zagros located in Oramanat region (Kermanshah province), due to numerous fires in recent years and in order to accurately identify and prioritize factors affecting fire and prepare a fire risk map. The criteria influencing the occurrence of forest and rangeland fires were identified based on the opinion of experts and literature review. In total, 4 criteria and 12 sub-criteria including infrastructure (Distance to roads, Distance to settlements), ecological (Average annual precipitation, Average monthly temperature, Forest cover density, Range cover density), socio-economic (Land use/land cover, Population density) and physiographic (Slope, Aspect, Elevation, Distance to Rivers) criteria were evaluated and weighted using G-AHP and pairwise comparison by 13 researchers (experts) related to forest and rangeland fires. The relative importance of different classes of sub-criteria maps was also calculated using the FR method. Finally, the fire risk zoning map was obtained using Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) method in the GIS environment in five risk classes (Very Low to Very High). The validation of the results was performed by overlaying the zoning map with the fires that happened in the study area in 2016-2024.
 The results showed that the socio-economic criteria with a weight of 0.473 and the sub-criteria of land use/land cover with a weight of 0.252 were assigned the highest importance and were recognized as the most important criteria and sub-criteria effective on the occurrence of fire in forest ecosystems. The fire risk zoning map showed that about 52 percent of the study area is in the High and Very High risk class. Additionally, based on the results, by overlaying the real fire map and the fire risk zoning map, 94.41 percent of the fire patches area are located in areas with high fire risk, which can indicate the accurate assessment and high accuracy of the zoning map.
 In general, this study highlighted the mapping importance of burned areas and fire risk zoning and provided a new framework for identifying and prioritizing different factors affecting fire in the fire-sensitive forest areas of Oramanat (Kermanshah province) that can be effective in line with prioritized prevention and control operation to prevent forest and renageland degradation in the future.

Oxidative stress is inevitable in broiler chicken production, and it affects the physiological, behavioral, and biochemical status of growing chicken which ultimately deteriorates meat quality. The imbalance among free radicals and antioxidant enzymes within living cells or tissues leads to the oxidation of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids and is a fundamental cause of oxidative stress. When the antioxidant mechanism within living cells weakens, the production of free radicals increases under physiological oxygen metabolism, and reactive species (i.e., reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species) are needed in cells in small quantities because they function as signaling molecules during homeostasis. However, excessive production of these species leads to oxidative stress. There is a mechanism in living cells to reduce the number of oxidative species through physiological scavenging. Numerous reactive oxygen species such assuperoxide and hydrogen peroxide are produced during oxygen metabolism. In addition, some reports showed that after the occurrence of oxidative stress, there are severe inflammatory reactions in the cells involved, which can lead to greater tissue damage and activate tissue apoptosis. Oxidative stress plays an essential role in the emergence of a number of chronic disorders such as diabetes and cancer by inducing inflammation. To protect against free radicals, living organisms have a combined antioxidant defense system including enzymatic system (such as glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase enzymes in the cytosol and cell membrane structure) and a non-enzymatic system (such as glutathione, polyphenol, carotenoids, special dipeptides, proteins containing thiol group, polyamines, ubiquinol, flavonoids, bilirubin, uric acid, vitamin E with selenium, and vitamin C) in tissues. Black cumin seeds (Nigella sativa) have been used as alternative medicine for more than 2000 years due to their multisystemic positive effects. Many active components of black cumin have been identified, including dithymoquinone, thymoquinone, nigellone, thymohydroquinone, nigilline, melanthin, nigelamine, damascenone, pinene, and p-cymene. Black cumin contains minerals such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron, phosphorus, cobalt, zinc, and manganese, and vitamins A, B, C, D, and E. Moreover, black cumin is rich in essential oils, proteins, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and polyphenols. The black cumin has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anthelmintic, hypocholesteremia, appetite stimulant, antidiarrheal, diuretic, antiulcer, spasmolytic and bronchodilatory, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, anticancer, hepatoprotective, and renal protective activities and has antioxidant properties. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of black cumin on growth performance, antioxidant status, inflammatory responses, and biochemical and hematological changes in broilers under oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide.

A total of 200 one-day-old chickens (Ross 308) were reared in the form of a completelyrandomized design with four treatments and five replications (10 chickens per replicate). Experimental treatments included: 1. Control group (fed with basic diet), and groups 2, 3, and 4 had levels of 50, 100, and 150 g of black seed per kg of diet. To induce oxidative stress, all birds received 1% hydrogen peroxide per liter of drinking water from 14 to 42 days of age. At 42 d, two birds were randomly selected from each cage and after blood sampling from the wing vein, were killed and dissected for liver and spleen tissue sampling. Growth performance, blood and biochemical parameters such as the number of red and white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, heterophil and lymphocyte, serum triglyceride, and cholesterol, as well as serum antioxidant parameters including the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes including glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, were determined. In addition, liver enzymes present in the serum including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured. Also, to evaluate the effect of black cumin on the inflammatory response of broiler chickens under induced oxidative stress, serum interleukins including IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α were measured.

The results showed that black seed supplementation in chickens under induced oxidative stress significantly improved the growth performance, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and decreased MDA in serum, liver tissue, and spleen (P<0.05). Black seed supplementation significantly decreased serum levels of inflammatory cytokines of IL-6 and TNF-α, and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine of IL-10 (P<0.05). Also, black seed supplementation did not affect red blood cells, hematocrit, or hemoglobin, but increased white blood cells, lymphocytes, and decreased blood heterophils (P<0.05). Serum levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, ALT, AST, and ALP also decreased significantly under the influence of black seed.

Based on the results of this experiment, it appears that black cumin (Nigella sativa) seed supplement can improve the growth performance of broiler chickens due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

the educational system is currently considered one of the complex and extensive organizations in each country and has a deep connection with the economic, social and cultural growth and development of country. Actually, the educational system of this organization is also an open system that interacts with many internal and external components. Including special strategy and goals with framework of educational system. It needs to respond to the needs of the society or provide them. According to result of this research, serious attention to the category of entrepreneurship, especially academically and in the way of education is very necessary and It causes a decrease in the unemployment rate, an increase in income, attention to production and less attention to the income from providing services and non-dependence of the economy on underground resources, diversity of production, development of exports, promotion of innovation, growth and flourishing of students' talents. This research shows designing a pattern of entrepreneurial schools in the secondary schools for education in Tehran by using the latest global and national studies, executive experiences and knowledge in scientific institutes, schools that related to entrepreneurship and also by using successful entrepreneurs.

The present research is qualitative in terms of practical purposes, in terms of the type of data, and in terms of the nature and type of data study, it is based on the dimension analysis method. The population of the current research was the experts in this field, and 15 of them were interviewed by the theoretical sampling method of the snowball type until theoretical saturation. The research measurement tool was a semi-structured interview based on which dimensions, components and indicators were drawn and verified and validated by experts. The reliability and validity of the measurement tool was obtained by the three-way consensus method. Data analysis was done in three stages of open, central and selective coding.

In this study, the dimensions, components and indicators of the entrepreneurial school were determined. 5 Next, 18 components of 139 indicators for the model of entrepreneurial schools in the second period of secondary school were finalized. After the final approval and prioritization of experts, the dimensions, components and indicators of the model were drawn, and again the said model was validated by the experts. The findings showed that the dimensions of the construct The mentioned model consisted of five dimensions related to infrastructural, structural, human capital, business environment and educational processes, which included 18 sub-components that were presented in order of priority.

Entrepreneurial education in Iran, which is the most effective strategy to get out of the country's dead ends and economic and social problems, on the one hand, is modeled after the programs, policies and experiences of advanced countries, and on the other hand, It is necessary to take into account the local conditions of the country. Educational experts and school administrators can use the findings of the model and use the best and most suitable methods to guide schools towards an entrepreneurial school.

Postbiotics can be used as promising tools in ensuring food safety due to their safety, clinical and technological benefits. In the present study, chemical profiles, functional characteristics and antimicrobial activities of postbiotics from Lactobacillus casei against Staphylococcus aureus were investigated.

Profiles of the chemical compounds in postbiotics were assessed using gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer. Folin-Ciocalteu method and aluminum chloride colorimetry were used to assess total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the postbiotics. Antioxidant capacity was assessed using three methods of DPPH free radical scavenging, ABTS free radical scavenging, and β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching. Antimicrobial activity of the postbiotics was assessed by investigating the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration as well as measuring diameter of the inhibitory zones in the well diffusion method. The MTT test was carried out to assess safety profiles of the postbiotics.

Results of the chromatogram analysis verified presence of ten distinct biological compounds with antimicrobial effects. The postbiotic compounds included high concentrations of phenolic and flavonoid components. Based on the results from the microdilution method, concentrations of 40 and 60 μg/ml were reported as the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration, respectively. Moreover, the minimum and maximum zones of growth inhibition with diameters of 7 ± 23 mm and 29 ± 65 mm were linked to concentrations of 5 and 100 μg/ml, respectively. Based on the results of the safety assessment, postbiotics included no adverse effects on the growth and proliferation processes of the normal KDR cell line. Only for concentrations of 120 and 140 μg/ml within the 48-h period, significant decreases in cell viability were observed.

Postbiotics with safe characteristics and impressive biological activities, including antimicrobial activity, can be used for the development of functional foods.

Food habits include significant effects on the human longevity and health. Use of high heat to fry carbohydrates can produce oxidants that cause several diseases such as cancers. Additives with antioxidant characteristics can prevent these diseases. The present study was carried out to investigating oxidative characteristics of fried rice (Tah-Dig) and effects of simultaneous consumption of saffron in human population of Kermanshah, Iran.

In this cross-sectional descriptive study, questionnaire of "rice preparation pattern in Iran" was used. The sample size was 18 in each group and in total for six groups of Tah-Dig samples. Samples were homogenized in PBS buffer and stored at 80 °C after centrifugation. Total specificity capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS) and carbonyl content of the samples were assessed.

Results showed significant increases in TOS and carbonyl and significant decreases in TAC (p < 0.001) within 30 min of cooking. In general, adding saffron to Tah-Dig did not change TAC. However, significant decreases were seen in TOS of Tah-Dig of potatoe and rice. Changes of TOS in Tah-Dig of the bread were not significant. No significant differences were reported in the carbonyl content of bread Tah-Dig samples; however, it led to decreases in the rice and potato groups.

This study showed that simultaneous consumption of saffron in Tah-Dig could be harmful, including toxicity and carcinogenicity.

In order to reduce the stress and anxiety caused by the spread of the Covid-19 disease, a beneficial and effective psychological variable such as resilience can play an adaptive role. Also, the therapeutic relationship is a meaningful and purposeful relationship between the nurse and the patient in order to solve the patient's problems and create adaptive responses.

The main purpose of this research was to determine the effect of communication therapy based on Peplau's theory on the level of anxiety and resilience of patients admitted to the corona ward of Khatam Al Anbia Hospital in Tehran in 2022.

In a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group, using Corona anxiety questionnaires and Connor and Davidson resilience, 60 eligible patients and random allocation in the intervention and control group (30 people), therapeutic communication stages based on Peplau's theory (acquaintance, identification, utilization of care planning and evaluation and conclusion) with prior coordination And it was done according to the treatment plan of corona patients. The data was analyzed through parametric and non-parametric statistical tests using SPSS version 22 software.

The average index of corona anxiety in the intervention group, respectively, decreased from 1.95±0.21 to 1.6±0.11 after the intervention. Also, the average resilience index in the intervention group increased from 1.93±0.46 to 2.33±0.28 after the intervention, and the results of the paired t-test showed that in the intervention group, compared to the control group, the corona anxiety, and resilience in the post-intervention stage had a statistically significant decrease, and the difference before and after the intervention group was more than the control group. Based on the results of the analysis of covariance, the difference between the two intervention and control groups in the post-intervention phase was statistically significant.

Considering the impact of the communication therapy model based on Peplau's theory on anxiety and resilience, conducting educational interventions for the use of communication therapy by patients with chronic diseases and caregivers, as well as applying the results of communication therapy based on Peplau's method to The use of upcoming crises and epidemics is recommended.

Different types of contact, including contact between node pairs, any-contact of nodes, and contacts of the entire network, are used to characterize social relations in mobile social networks. Different modes of routing, from the point of view of message delivery semantics, encompass unicasting, multicasting, any-casting, and broadcasting. Studies have shown that using probability distribution functions of contact data, which is mainly assumed to be homogeneous for nodes, improves the performance of these networks. However, there exists an important challenge in studies on distributions. A lot of works apply the distribution of one type of contact to other types. Hence in routing applications, it causes to use of the distribution of one type of contact for any mode of routing. This study provides a complete solution to model each type of homogeneous contact data distribution and to use them in different modes of routing. We propose a routing algorithm that uses this new model. Results show that our solution improves the average latency of comparing methods Epidemic, TCCB, and DR about 3.5-times, 30%, and 45%, respectively. It achieves a delivery rate of about 5% and 6%, and average latency about 6% and 8% better than that of DR and TCCB, respectively.

The most important mission of medical universities is Training capable  and committed graduates who meet the needs of society and the health system .In general, accountability to the community is one of the main priorities of the health education system, so if universities want to meet the needs of the community, they must design their education system based on the needs and priorities of community health.In this regards,this study has been done to identify dimentions  and components of accountable education for rehabilitation sciences curriculum.  

This mixed research was first conducted in a qualitative stage with semi-structured interviews with experts and specialists in the field of rehabilitation by purposive sampling method until theoretical saturation in medical sciences universities of Tehran in 2021.  By analyzing contents of interviews, dimensions,components and indicators were identified and a questionnaire with 136 item was designed that after ensuring its validity and reliability and in order to design an Accountable Education model for the rehabilitation science Curriculum, this questinnaire by 85 deans, deputies, department heads and faculty members of the rehabilitation schools of Tehran Universities of Medical Sciences was completed.Data  were  analyzed through kolmogorov-smirnov test  through SPSS and AMOS.

In the qualitative part of research, 6 dimensions of society, higher health education system, university, professor, student, Curriculum and 21 components and 136 indicators were identified and based on this, an Accountable Education model was designed for the rehabilitation science education program. Quantitative research findings based on CFI, RMSE and Chi-squared showed that the dimensions identified in a homogeneous structure support the constructs of a concept model called the Accountable Education Model for the Rehabilitation Science Curriculum.

This study showed that 6 general dimensions, society, higher health education system, university, professor, student, Curriculum as dimensions of Accountable Education play an important role in fulfilling the mission of third and fourth generation universities.

Many factors play a role in the life cycle of construction industry projects, focusing on human resources and relationships as the main axis of business development. Thus, the conflict of interests between the stakeholders in the construction industry projects is a clear and challenging problem. The increased number of stakeholders in the project complicates human relationships and, consequently, increases the possible conflicts. The conflicts may result in claims if not resolved. The success of construction projects and their cost and time management can be affected by the poor management of claims. Therefore, this research aims to take a significant step to improve the efficiency of projects by identifying and ranking the causes of claims and analyzing their effects on key efficiency indicators. Firstly, causes of claim are collected according to experts’ opinions and literature and classified based on key efficiency indicators using the integrated analytic hierarchy process-technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (AHP-TOPSIS) technique. According to findings, delays with a proximity coefficient of 0.728 are the most significant factors in making claims with a great effect on the key efficiency indicators of the construction project. The changes in most construction projects are ranked in second place, followed by acceleration command, extra work, changing workshop conditions, and contractual ambiguities. The present study results may reduce the challenges in managing the construction industry claims and ensure the successful completion of projects.

Appropriate drill bit selection can lead to enhance remarkable drilling operation efficiency and cost-saving. There are several factors affecting the bit selection process. Among these parameters, some factors such as specific energy (SE), cost per foot (CPF), formation drillability (FD), and rate of penetration (ROP) are considered the most important ones. One of the best approaches to select the optimum drill bit is to apply Multiple Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques. In this research work, Fuzzy Technique for Order-Preference by similarity to Ideal Solution (FTOPSIS) is used to choose the optimum bit for drilling operations in Sarvak and Asmari formations due to higher accuracy and validity of findings achieved from the FTOPSIS. With this respect, three types of bits (i.e. 517, 527, and 537) were considered as available candidates and were then ranked through the FTOPSIS, resulting in the best option (bit). In Asmari formation, similarity factors for bit types of 517, 527, and 537 bits were obtained as 0.479, 0.438, and 0.382, respectively indicating bit type 517 can be chosen as a proper option compared to other ones. Similarly, in Sarvak formation, results showed 0.5405, 0.5019, and 0.5622 values for 517, 527, and 537 bit types respectively, demonstrating the bit-type 537 is the most appropriate alternative in such formation.

Adenoid hypertrophy is one of the childhood complications in which bacteria are involved in its etiology. The aim of the present study was to determine the relative abundance of biofilms and genes associated with biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus isolates and also to determine the genotypic patterns of S. aureus isolates from adenoids and tonsils of children with adenoid hypertrophy by Spa typing method.

The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 86 pair isolates of S. aureus collected from adenoid and tonsil of children with adenoid hypertrophy. Phenotypic method used for assessing of biofilm production in S. aureus isolates and the presence of icaA,icaD,fnbA and clfA genes evaluated using polymerase chain reaction method. The spa typing method was apllied for typing of isolated. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics method and SPSS software.

S. aureus isolated from adenoids and tonsils were positive in 49 (57%) and 40 (46.5%) biofilms, respectively. In 47 cases, pairs of isolates from the adenoids and tonsils were similar in terms of biofilm production. In the present study, 4 types of spa types were identified in S. aureus including t081 type, the most dominant type in 67.5%, t701 in 11.6%, t2419 in 9.3% and t4870 in 8.2% of adenoid isolates. In total, 79.45% of adenoid and tonsil isolates had similar typing. highest frequency of genes was related to fnbA, which was detected in adenoids in 64% and in tonsils in 41.9% of isolates.

Due to the relative frequency of biofilm formation, biofilm is of moderate importance in the establishment of Staphylococcus aureus in the tonsils and adenoids of patients. Moreover, the role of fnbA gene in biofilm formation was higher than other studied genes. High spa similarity Staphylococcus aureus isolates isolated from the adenoids and tonsils indicate the initial colonization of bacteria in the tonsils and then act as a source of infection for the adenoids.

Prose texts constitute a large part of Persian literature and its breadth is suitable for expressing any thought more than the words of the poem. The topics and concepts used in prose are generally divided into scientific and intellectual concepts, descriptive, narrative and news meanings, each of which is different from the other in terms of writing style, which includes topics such as religious issues, national celebrities, Stories and stories, history of astronomy, advice and sermons, Tersel, Sufism and mysticism, literary sciences, etc. This article will examine the stylistics of Persian works of Ibn Sina prose from a syntactic perspective.

This article is based on library studies and has been done in a descriptive-analytical manner.

Although most of Ibn Sina's works are written in Arabic; But he has written eight works in Persian: Alaei encyclopedia, radiology, scrap of nature, treatise on the truth and quality of the order of beings and the sequence of causes, Kunuz al-Mu'azmin, the criterion of the intellect, and Zafarnameh in Persian. These works are related to the period of language development. Persian and the early period of Persian prose are known as Mursal prose style. Mursal's prose works in the early period of the Persian language are generally devoid of literary features; Also, due to the scientific topics of Ibn Sina's works, the intellectual level in these works will not have much prominence.

Simple verbs and short sentences, word brevity, simplicity of language and fluency, short sentences and emptiness of tasks and verbal cues, avoiding rhyme and balance and avoiding the use of unfamiliar Arabic words and inclusion of technical terms are important features of books. Persian is the prose of Ibn Sina.

There are several techniques for preserving the rectum in Low Anterior Resection (LAR) and preventing permanent ostomy. However, the superiority of these techniques is still under debate. The aim of this study was to compare the performance and clinical outcome of three methods of straight, side-to-end, and colonic J-pouch colorectal anastomosis in patients with rectal cancer referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Sari.

In this prospective single-blind clinical trial, all 75 patients with rectal cancer over the age of 18 years with primary rectal tumor with resection capability and position of the lower or middle rectum 4 to 12 cm from the anal canal, during the period of 2017 to 2018 referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Sari, were randomly divided into three groups of 25 people using block sampling: (the first group: low anterior resection with straight anastomosis, the second group: surgery with colonic J-pouch and the third group: side-to-end anastomosis). Functional outcomes (measured by Wexner criteria) and surgical complications were compared in the two groups, and patients were followed up to evaluate the functional features of the anastomosis.

60 patients including 29 women (48.33%) and 31 men were analyzed. The mean age of patients was 58.32±14.91 years. The mean length of surgery, median hospitalization and median bleeding in patients undergoing J-pouch anastomosis were 178.65±14.21 minutes, four days and 500 ml, respectively. No surgery-related complications were seen in the three groups. The Wexner criterion showed the superiority of patients who underwent J-pouch anastomosis surgery in the variables of daily defecation frequency, fecal incontinence and emergency defecation compared to the other two groups (p<0.001, p<0.005, p<0.022).

The results of this study showed that the performance indices of patients with rectal cancer in people undergoing J-pouch anastomosis are better compared to side-to-end and straight methods.

The study was conducted to investigate the effect of biological fertilizer and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in four levels (without biological fertilizer, Rhizophagus irregularis, Funneliformis mosseae and vermicompost) on growth and shoot mineral nutrients composition of two strawberry cultivars (Parus and Kurdistan) in factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications in greenhouse conditions. The results showed that the application of vermicompost and AM fungi significantly increased the shoot dry weight of strawberry in comparison to control but there was not a significant difference between two species of AM fungi. Total uptake of nutrients was significantly increased by inoculation of strawberry with AM fungi in comparison to the control but inoculation did not leave significance effect on shoot nutrients concentration. Vermicompost application significantly enhanced the uptake and concentration of phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc, and copper compared to control. Dry weight, zinc concentration and uptake, phosphorus, manganese and copper uptake in shoot of Kurdistan cultivar were significantly higher than Parus cultivar but there was not a significant difference between the cultivars in root colonization. Mycorrhizal dependence (Md) percentage by Rhizophagus irregularis was significantly higher in Parus cultivar than Kurdistan cultivar but Md (%) by Funneliformis mosseae in Kurdistan cultivar was higher than Parus cultivar. In conclusion, application of biological fertilizers will increase the growth of strawberry plant through an increased nutrient uptake, in which the role of vermicompost is more pronounced than that of AM fungi due perhaps to the presence of nutrients and useful soil organisms.

The sea cucumber (Bohadschia ocellata) is a species with great density, reproduction rate and growth in the Persian Gulf. A Very  few human consumption in Islamic countries makes this species a good choice to be used as a supplementary or stimulant ingredient in cultured aquatic animals. The present study evaluates the effects of dietary levels of B. ocellata meal on growth performance, blood biochemical parameters, digestive enzymes activities and body composition of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). White shrimp juveniles (6.6±0.1 g) were fed with different levels of the B. ocellata meal (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 % of the diet) during 8-weeks period. According to the results weight gain, specific growth rate, and daily feed intake trends showed significant (p<0.05) increase with increasing level of sea cucumber meal from 0% to 4%. The greatest feed conversion ratio and least protein efficiency ratio were recorded in the 8% treatment. In blood biochemical outputs, the least cholesterol and the highest glucose levels were recorded for the 4% and 6% treatments, respectively. Digestive enzymes activity assessments showed that protease activity was significantly increased from 4% to 8% treatments. In general, adding 4-6% of B. ocellata meal to commercial diet of P. vannamei juveniles clearly improved some body biochemical activities such as protease enzymes activity and blood cholesterol content, and enhanced growth performance of white shrimp.

Ultrasound hyperthermia is a new way to treat cancerous tumors. Retinoblastoma is one of the most common malignant ocular tumors in children. Since hyperthermia is an effective treatment for cancer cells, the effect of hyperthermia on retinoblastoma cells was investigated in this study. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of duration of 3 MHz ultrasound hyperthermia on Y79 cell death after 48 hours using MTT assay. In this study, the percentage of cell viability after 48 hours in treatment groups with a duration of hyperthermia more than 4 minutes was significantly different from the control group and in the treatment group with hyperthermia time of 9 minutes and 11 minutes, 50% and 69% of cells were killed, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that ultrasound hyperthermia may be a promising therapeutic option.

The rotating machinery is a common class of machinery in the industry. The root cause of faults in the rotating machinery is often faulty rolling element bearings. This paper presents a novel technique using artificial neural network learning for automated diagnosis of localized faults in rolling element bearings. The inputs of this technique are a number of features (harmmean and median), which are extracted from the vibration signals of the test data. Effectiveness and novelty of this proposed method are illustrated by using the experimentally obtained the bearing vibration data based on laboratory application. In this research, based on the fast kurtogram method in the time-frequency domain, a technique for the first time is presented using other types of statistical features instead of the kurtosis. For this study, the problem of four classes for bearing fault detection is studied using various statistical features. This study is conducted in four stages. At first, the stability of each feature for each fault mode is investigated, then resistance to load change as well as failure growth is studied. At the end, the resolution and fault detection for each feature using the comparison with a determined pattern and the coherence rate is calculated. From the above results, the best feature that is both resistant and repeatable to different variations, as well as the suitable accuracy of detection and resolution, is selected and with comparing to the kurtosis feature, it is found that this feature is not in a good condition in compared with other statistical features such as harmmean and median. The results show that the accuracy of the proposed approach is 100% by using the proposed neural network, even though it uses only two features.

Heating of milk for the purpose of removing the bacterial pathogens should be done for the shortest time, and sufficient pasteurization must be ensured. The limitation of the classical methods of pasteurization is due to the high sensitivity of the milk to coagulation by the application of high temperature, which sometimes prevents the proper process and causes problems such as milk clotting and the formation of non-washable layers (milk stones) on the interior surface of the pasteurization tubes. These layers prevent the sufficient heat transfer and the adequacy of the pasteurization of the next inlet milk, and as a result, the mentioned milk contains high levels of microbial contamination that will be hazardous to consumers. Therefore, the aim is to find a suitable pasteurization method that does not have the above-mentioned disadvantages and also the milk obtained from the pasteurization process will have a higher quality. Therefore, in this research, the inductive electromagnetic flow heat was used for pasteurization of the milk. In this method, the milk container acts as the second coil of the electromagnetic current (transformer) and allows direct flow of electricity in the milk. In the preparatory steps of the project (stages 1 to 3), whose results are not mentioned in this article, milk pasteurized was done by induction heating in an attempt to modify, revise, and refine the usual classical process. In order to obtain the best conditions for milk pasteurization by the induction method, the effect of four different factors were investigated, namely three diameters of the test vessel (23, 17 and 12 cm), three electrical conductivities (350, 1000 and 1600 watts), three temperatures (72, 75 And 84 ° C), three storage periods at pasteurization stage (15, 20 and 30 seconds) and three replications; Where 243 samples were selected in a completely randomized factorial experiment design. And the tested samples were categorized based on 1) the lowest percentage of residual microbial load, 2) the minimum time spent for pasteurization, and (3) the least Energy consumption for pasteurization. Three selected samples in the third stage of the previous project were prepared using the standard method in this study with the correct mixing at a certain temperature and used for the organoleptic test by the taste Group during the following steps. 1) Selection of 10 panelists. 2) Explaining the method and providing relevant questionnaires; 3) Checking and assuring the qualification of the panelists for evaluation (no smoking, medication, etc.); 4) explaining the evaluation method to the testers. Then, the physical and organoleptic characteristics of the produced samples were determined by the panelist group using a grading method based on the color, aroma, taste, texture, consistency and concentration of the samples. In the samples pasteurized using the induction pasteurization method with 1600 W power transmission intensity, 30 seconds holding time, temperature of 84 ° C and 23 cm cross section of the container, desirable organoleptic and physical properties were obtained compared to the other samples and the control (pasteurized under conventional conditions). So, there was a significant difference between consistency, concentration, and aroma and customer
satisfaction in two treatments at the level of 5% confidence and for the color attribute at 1% level due to the high speed of heat transfer in milk. The induction method of pasteurization is superior to the HTST method in favor of the production of desirable organoleptic properties, and is a very good substitute for the classic method of the factory under the same conditions.

The purpose of this reaserch is to examine the role of physics education with lesson study approach on teacher self- regulation learning and problem-solving perception of the tenth grade of conservatories students of Baharestan City.

This research was carried out using a semi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test design The statistical population of the study was teachers and female students of tenth grade of conservatories in Baharestan of Tehran who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling with a sample size of 50 students and 14 teachers and were randomly assigned into two groups of experiment and control. Self- Regulatory Learning Questionnaire Teachers completed before and after the implementation of teaching research by teachers. At a briefing, teachers taught the lesson plan, which was conducted twice in the classroom. Pre-test before the implementation of the lesson plan was taken from the experimental group rather than physics using the student's problem- solving perception questionnaire. At the end of the course, post-test was performed using a questionnaire, too. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (covariance analysis) were used to analyze the data.

The results of the study showed that physics education with the approach of lesson study is effective on teachers' self-regulation learning, but there is no meaningful effect on the personal control component of problem- solving perception among students of conservatories.

The Conventional heat pasteurization systems, due to the slowness of heat transfer to the milk, are associated with energy losses. Sometimes by increasing the temperature for the adequate pasteurization of the highly contaminated milk, it is associated with formation of the milk stone; lack of adequate heat transfer to the milk would be inconsistent with the relevant standard of health characteristics. Also, with increasing the temperature of the pasteurization, the burnt layer of milk would be thicker together with the negative impact on flavor, color and nutritional value of milk and also addition of the toxic substances to the milk. The increase in temperature will follow the more energy consumption. The other side the increase in the temperature will follow the more energy consumption. While in the induction method, the resulting electromagnetic flow has no disadvantages of conventional pasteurization of milk due to the heat transfer rate. In this study, the pasteurized milk by induction current in the device with 1600 watt of electricity transmission and 30 seconds storage time in 84 ° C and the diameter of the supporting surface of heat transfer: 23 cm (the best conditions of selected sample) was compared to the conventional method in a similar situation in terms of energy consumption and the costs were determined before and after targeted subsidies. The results showed that energy losses in both conventional and induced pasteurization methods were 46.15% and 32% respectively, and the percentage of saving energy consumption by using the induction method compared to the usual pasteurization method during the year before and after targeted subsidies, were 67% and 82.9% respectively. So, the energy consumption of induced pasteurization of milk is preferable to conventional method

In this study, application of operational modal analysis and bees algorithm (BA) in order finite element model updating are investigated. BA optimization algorithm applies instinctive behavior of honeybees for finding food sources. An objective function is defined as the sum of the squared errors between the obtained natural frequencies by operational modal analysis and finite element method. Experimental natural frequencies are determined by stochastic subspace identification (SSI) which is considered as one of the strong methods of operational modal analysis. In order to investigate the accuracy of the proposed method, BA and SSI methods are implemented on a three story structure to update parameters of its finite element model. Furthermore, to study of effectiveness of BA algorithm, the results of BA algorithm are compared with particle swarm optimization (PSO) and Nelder-Mead (NM) algorithms. The results show that the BA optimization algorithm, in comparison with the PSO and NM methods, is more accurate and faster to update finite element model.

In this study investigated the regrowth of sunflower plantlet shoot tips. Shoot tips of sunflower (Helianthus annuus hyb. Farrokh) were encapsulated in 3% sodium alginate to evaluate their response to different storage periods. The encapsulated shoot tips stored for several period (15, 30, 45 and 60 days) at 4°C. The regrowth ability of encapsulated shoot tips was affected by the storage duration and the presence or absence of MS nutrients and plant growth regulator in calcium alginate beads. Maximum percent germination of artificial seeds in non-encapsulated shoot tips and encapsulated in DDW, MS, MS+ growth regulator was 30, 40, 65 and 70 respectively. that obtained from synthetic seeds cultured on MS medium without plant growth regulators stored for 60 days. The longer duration of cold storage, caused the less in plantlet recovery. It can be said that encapsulated plantlets could be regenerated for a limited period under in vitro condition. Addition of MS nutrients in calcium alginate beads significantly improved encapsulated explants regrowth after storage periods

The number of road traffic accidents (RTAs) and their mortality are increasing in the world. In Iran, RTAs have caused life losses and economical damages. Death is the most important consequence of the accidents in terms of social, economic, and even political expenditures. This paper reports the statistics of the mortality status in the last decade.

A 10-year study was conducted on national and provincial data of the last decade collected by Legal Medicine Research Center. The population information provided by the National Center of Statistics was used. SPSS 15.5 and Microsoft Office Excel 2007 were used for data analysis.

Between 2001 and 2010, the annual average of 34.6 per hundred thousand people were killed in traffic accidents, more than 80% of the casualties are men. The highest number of deaths and injuries was observed in 2005 and the lowest occurred in 2001. RTAs had a descending trend trough the last decade but the rate of injuries increased. The death rates in Semnan, Qazvin, and Kerman were the highest and in Tehran, Ardabil, and West Azarbaijan were the lowest.

Although mortality rates due to RTAs declined during the last four years of the study period, direct and indirect costs of deaths resulting from RTAs in Iran are a sign of crisis.

Artificial seed production is now an outstanding technique for plant propagation and preservation, and has been applied on many plants. This investigation was carried out to study the effect of nutrients and plant growth regulator application in encapsulated matrix on regeneration and growth of synthetic seeds in two Iranian sunflower hybrids. Somatic embryos derived from the culture of sunflower immature zygotic embryos were encapsulated using 3% sodium alginate and 100 mM calcium chloride. Alginate matrix was provided with three different matrixes including distilled water, liquid MS medium and plant growth regulators and then regrowth ability was determined for synthetic seeds during four weeks after culture on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium without plant growth regulators. The results of analysis of variance showed that plant regeneration from encapsulated somatic embryos and establishment of plantlets were affected by the presence or absence of MS nutrients and plant growth regulator in calcium alginate beads. Using MS nutrients resulted in production of stronger plantlets and the presence of plant growth regulator in calcium alginate beads produced more number of shoots and leaves and more root extension in plantlets.