saeedeh-sadat hosseini

The aim of present study was investigating the impact of social problem solving training on reducing anger among adolescent students. This research was a quasi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design and follow-up with a control group. 30 teenage students were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group). The social problem solving training program D’Zurilla and Nezu(2007) was implemented in 10 one-hour sessions on the experimental group. Then, the level of anger of the participants was measured in the pre-test-post-test-follow-up phases using with multidimensional student anger questionnaire (Smith, Furlong, Bates, Laughlin, 1998). The research data was analyzed through the method of mixed repeated measure. The results showed that the average scores of the participants in anger and its subscales in the post-test stage compared to the pre-test stage in the experience of anger, positive coping and hostile attitude had a significant difference, but there was no significant difference in the destructive coping subscale. Also, there was no significant change between the post-test and follow-up scores in all the anger subscales of the students in the experimental group, which indicated the significant persistence of the changes resulting from the social problem solving training in the follow-up phase. The findings of this research showed that social problem solving training has been effective in reducing the anger of adolescent students.

One of the approaches that can lead to changes in reducing psychological distress, negative automatic thoughts, and cognitive fusion among students preparing for university entrance exam is stress inoculation management. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of stress inoculation management training on negative automatic thoughts, psychological distress, and cognitive fusion among students preparing for university entrance exam.

Methods and Materials:

 This research is an applied study in nature and quasi-experimental in implementation, using a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The population consisted of all female students preparing for university entrance exam in Kermanshah in the year 2023. From this population, 60 participants were selected using a convenience sampling method into two experimental groups and one control group. The research tools included the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler et al., 2003), the Negative Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (Kendall & Hollon, 1980), and the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (Rachman & Shafran, 1996). Data analysis was performed using multivariate covariance analysis.

The results indicated that the stress inoculation management intervention had a significant effect on the psychological distress of the students preparing for university entrance exam in the post-test phase (p<0.01). The intervention also significantly impacted negative automatic thoughts (p<0.01) and cognitive fusion (p<0.01) in the post-test evaluations.

Stress inoculation management training is effective in impacting negative automatic thoughts, psychological distress, and cognitive fusion among students preparing for university entrance exam.

Background &

Marriage is a bond that binds not just two people who hope to be in love forever, but two families built on completely different foundations, traditions, value systems, and lifestyles. Therefore, it is not unusual for this encounter to lead to a host of adjustment, emotional, financial, and psychosocial problems (1). Reviewing these problems leads to marital conflicts and differences in the process of cooperation, interaction, and their daily communication (2). In general, marital conflicts occur when there is a lack of agreement and lack of compatibility between couples (3). The incompatibility of couples causes the absence of marital well-being, which also leads to feelings of anger, frustration and dissatisfaction (9).
Psychological well-being includes self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, autonomy, mastery of the environment, purposeful living, and personal growth. Couples with high psychological well-being perceive more pleasant experiences and suffer less from pleasant emotions (10). In this regard, Azarnik et al. (1400) showed that communication skills training can increase the level of marital satisfaction and lead to the reduction of marital conflicts (11).
On the other hand, communication skills are those skills through which people can engage in interpersonal interactions and the communication process; A process during which people share their information, thoughts, feelings with each other through verbal and non-verbal exchange (14).
According to the stated content, it should be kept in mind that the present research is based on this basic question: Is there a relationship between the effectiveness of life skills training and communication skills on marital conflicts, conflict resolution styles and psychological well-being of incompatible spouses?

In order to carry out this practical and quasi-experimental research, which was carried out with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group, among the incompatible couples who referred to the psychological service centers of Kermanshah in 1400, who volunteered and through an invitation to participate in this course. 45 people had registered and were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. Before and after the intervention, all the subjects completed the revised questionnaire of marital conflicts and psychological well-being. Also, the interventions of the two groups were conducted as a group for 13 sessions of 45 minutes and twice a week. Finally, the data were analyzed with SPSS-26 software and statistical tests of one-way analysis of variance, multivariate analysis of covariance and Benferoni's post hoc test.

The results of the Wilkes lambda test with the value (F(8,21)=113.113, P=0.000<0.05) indicate the impact of life skills training on marital conflicts at the 5% error level. It was also found that after controlling the effect of the pre-test, life skills training is effective on marital conflicts (F(1,28)=865.617, p<0.05) (Table 3).
Another finding showed that life skills training has an effect on the psychological well-being of couples (F(6,23)=114.234, P=0.000<0.05). Also, after controlling for the effect of the pre-test, it was found that life skills training is effective on psychological well-being. F(1,28)=534.878, p<0.05) (Table 4).
The results of the Wilkes Lambda test with the value (F(8,21)=115.310, P=0.000<0.05) indicate the effectiveness of communication skills training on marital conflicts. Also, after controlling the pre-test effect, the effectiveness of communication skills training on marital conflicts was confirmed (F(1,28)=631.731, p<0.05) (Table 5).
Another finding showed that communication skills training has an effect on the psychological well-being of couples (F(6,23)=130.589, P=0.000<0.05). And after controlling the pre-test effect, communication skills training has an effect on psychological well-being (F(1,28)=502.673, p<0.05) (Table 6).
According to table (7), by controlling the pre-test scores, the effect of the group on the post-test scores of marital conflicts is significant (F(1,42)=470.868, p<0.05). So that after the intervention, the scores of marital conflicts have decreased significantly. According to these findings, it can be said that teaching life skills and communication skills has improved marital conflicts in incompatible spouses. Also, according to the results of Benferoni's follow-up test, teaching life skills and communication skills led to a decrease in average marital conflicts in incompatible spouses. There was no significant difference between the effect of life skills training and communication skills training on marital conflicts of incompatible spouses.
According to table (8), by controlling the pre-test scores, the effect of the group on the post-test psychological well-being scores is significant (F(1,42)=417.792, p<0.05). So that after the intervention, psychological well-being scores have increased significantly. According to these findings, it can be said that teaching life skills and communication skills has improved the psychological well-being of incompatible spouses. According to the results of Benferoni's follow-up test, teaching life skills and communication skills led to an increase in average psychological well-being in incompatible spouses. There was no significant difference between the effect of life skills training and communication skills training on the psychological well-being of incompatible spouses.

The results showed that life skills training has a significant effect on psychological well-being. In reference to this finding, it is possible to refer to the study of Khenifar (2013), which showed that teaching life skills through self-awareness training, a person becomes aware of his physical, mental, emotional characteristics, and thoughts, especially his emotions in the present moment, by teaching life skills The method of decision-making, problem solving, creative thinking, critical thinking and controlling emotions, coping with stress and communication skills, teaches flexibility to a person so that he can identify and criticize different solutions in the face of challenges (36).
The results showed that communication skills training has a significant effect on marital conflicts. In explaining the effectiveness of communication skills training based on the modification of initial incompatible schemas on the reduction of marital conflicts, it can be said that since conflict is an integral part of marital relations and one of the common family problems that has attracted the attention of therapists, investigating the causes of conflicts and Also, strategies to reduce marital conflicts can have a significant effect on improving marital relations, so it can be concluded that communication skills training sessions are based on correcting incompatible schemas, learning communication skills, correcting schemas, feedback and training (39).
The results showed that communication skills training is confirmed on psychological well-being and it can be said that communication skills training has a significant effect on psychological well-being and its components. This means that proper communication increases the emotional and emotional intimacy of couples. If a couple can communicate in the right ways, they will not only have effective communication but also increase intimacy between them. On the other hand, increasing intimacy and emotional companionship of husband and wife increases their sensitivity towards each other; As a result, their emotional intercourse also increases (43).

Psychological well-being is one of the important concepts in positive psychology, which means optimal human performance. This issue has caused researchers around the world to pay attention to the underlying factors of well-being, especially in childhood. The present research was conducted with the aim of designing an integrated model of the underlying factors of psychological well-being in children.

This research is descriptive in terms of its purpose and is considered a survey study in terms of data collection. To conduct the research, all the factors related to the issue of psychological well-being in children were identified in the literature by relying on the theoretical foundations and the literature, and further, the validation of the factors was done based on the CVR and CVI tests. The statistical population of the research was the experts in the field of psychology, who especially had studies in the field of children. Purposeful sampling and snowball method were used to select the participants and finally 20 people were considered as a statistical sample. Data analysis was done using fuzzy Delphi method (AHP) and interpretive structural model.

The findings of the research showed that the factors underlying well-being are divided into three dimensions: personal, educational and external, which respectively include factors such as emotional intelligence, personality traits, self-regulation, responsibility, self-efficacy, emotion regulation, perceived social support, mindfulness, and communication patterns. , social stress and anxiety for the individual dimension, parent management training, academic performance, positive intelligence training, life skills training and family performance for the educational dimension and finally, parent-child relationship, family cohesion and flexibility, socio-economic status, social networks , parental employment, internet addiction and computer games can be considered as external factors affecting children's psychological well-being.

Without a doubt, paying attention to the strengthening aspects of some factors along with the inhibiting aspects of other factors can be effective in improving the psychological well-being of children.

As an unknown disease with a high epidemic rate, Covid-19 has drawn the attention of many medical researchers to the health category in the past few years. The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a structural model of anxiety disorders based on mental health and with the mediating role of coping strategies in pregnant women.

This study is a description of correlation and structural equations in terms of practical purpose and in terms of implementation method. In the field of research data collection, two library and field methods were used. In the field part, to collect the information required for the research, Spitzer et al.'s (2006) Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Goldberg's mental health (1972) and Lazarus and Folkman's (1988) coping strategies were used.

The results of the study showed that anxiety disorders are predicted based on mental health. Also, the results showed that coping strategies play a mediating role in the relationship between anxiety disorders and mental health.

Other results showed that there is a relationship between anxiety disorders or mental health with the mediating role of coping strategies in pregnant women.

As the most stable social unit, the family is a fundamental axis for the healthy functioning of individuals and society. The purpose of this research was to explain the family functioning model based on communication skills with the mediation of psychological security among couples. In terms of the purpose, the present research is considered to be of the applied type, and in terms of the data collection method, it is classified in the descriptive-survey research group. The statistical population includes all married men and women in areas 1 and 3 of Tehran in 1400-1999. Non-random sampling method has also been available. Data collection tools were demographic information questionnaire, psychological security questionnaire (short form), family functioning assessment questionnaire (FAD) and communication skills questionnaire. Data analysis was done using AMOS program in addition to descriptive statistics methods. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the components of communication skills and family functioning, there is a significant relationship between communication skills and psychological security, there is a significant relationship between psychological security and family functioning, psychological security It has a mediating role in the relationship between communication skills and family functioning. Therefore, the communication skills and intimate relationships between couples can affect their psychological security, because each of the couples, by establishing romantic and intimate relationships and the context of having psychological security through the couple and the other, can, in turn, lead to family stability

Transgenic rice is a type of rice that its genetic sequence has been changed to improve its quantity and quality. Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) transgenic rice expresses Cry1Ab protein and is named Tarom Molaii. There are no studies on the effect of this type of transgenic rice on gastrointestinal health in Iran, so, this study investigated the effect of Tarom Molaii transgenic rice on common microbial flora of rat intestine.

In this experimental study, 24 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats received transgenic and non-transgenic rice in their diets for 90 days and were compared with the control group that received standard rat diet. The number of Escherichia coli, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus bacteria and the total number of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in fecal samples were examined in jejunum, ileum, and duodenum samples on days 60, 90, and after killing the rats.

The study showed that except for the total number of anaerobic bacteria in the stool sample on day 90, there was no significant relationship between the study groups and the number of bacteria (P>0.05). There was an increase in the number of intestinal Lactobacillus in the transgenic rice-fed group and a decrease in the number of anaerobic bacteria in the transgenic rice-fed group compared with the control group and the non-transgenic rice-fed group.

Consumption of transgenic rice in current study had no considerable effect on the number of common bacteria in the intestinal normal flora. But, long-term studies are needed in other laboratory animals.

Learning disabilities cover a wider range ofeducational problems and require attention to the social,family, emotional and behavioral areas of the child's lifewithin the family. One of the main issues in the field ofsocial harms today is the parents' parenting style, and onthe other hand, perfectionist parents may apply ideals andaspirations that they have not been able to achieve to theirchildren and critically evaluate their children. Therefore,in the present study, the model of learning disorders basedon perfectionism and parenting style is to be presented.

The research method is appliedin terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-surveydata collection method is correlational. The statisticalpopulation includes all female students in the fifth andsixth grades of elementary school studying in theacademic year 1399-1400 in Kermanshah. The statisticalsample of the study is 270 female students from thestatistical population. Sampling method In the presentstudy, sampling method is available. Data collection toolswere Wilkat et al.'s (2011) Learning DisabilitiesQuestionnaire, Bamrind Parenting Style Questionnaireand Multiple Identity and Felt PerfectionismQuestionnaire (1991).

Learning disabilities in students were correctlypredicted based on perfectionism and parenting styles.

Finally, it has been concluded thatcommunication with parents contributes to the predictionof learning disabilities, perfectionism contributes to theprediction of learning disabilities.

This research aimed to evaluate and explain the prediction of attitude role towards infidelity due to media consumption mediated by inefficient attitude, marital conflicts, and sexual satisfaction. This study's participants consisted of 300 persons were selected from married students referring to Kermanshah Azad University counseling center in 2017 who were selected by simple random sampling. The research measures consisted of the attitude towards infidelity, inefficient attitudes, media consumption questionnaires, marital conflicts, and sexual satisfaction scales that after ensuring their voluntary attendance, the questionnaires were completed by the participants. Structural equation modeling (SEM) through Lisrel and SPSS 22 was used for data analysis. The results revealed that Media consumption directly as well as indirectly and through inefficient attitudes, marital conflicts, and sexual satisfaction affect attitudes toward infidelity. Moreover, media consumption directly affects inefficient attitudes, marital conflicts, and sexual satisfaction. Inefficient attitudes, marital conflicts, and sexual satisfaction directly affect attitude towards infidelity. Inefficient attitudes directly affect marital conflict, and marital conflict directly affects sexual satisfaction.

Iranian society is also on the path of increasing changes due to the consensual collapse of marital ties and the increase in the number of consensual divorces. The aim of this study was to provide a model of structural equations in the relationship between the tendency to divorce with communication skills and the health of the main family with the mediating role of marital intimacy in Kermanshah.

The statistical population of this study is all couples in Kermanshah. The sampling method is cluster sampling and out of 8 municipal districts, District 8 was selected and 200 couples were selected as sample members. The instruments used in this study were Walker and Thompson (1993) Marital Intimacy Questionnaire, Hawstat et al.'s (1985) Main Family Health Questionnaire, Queen Dam (2001) Communication Skills Scale, Roosevelt et al.'s Divorce Tendency Scale (1986). IBM AMOS 24 software was used for data analysis. The results were presented after fitting the model.

Findings showed that the health of the main family is related to the tendency to divorce through marital intimacy. The results also showed that communication skills are related to the tendency to divorce through marital intimacy. Marital intimacy is also directly related to the tendency to divorce.

The results of this study showed that attention to marital variables and marital satisfaction is very important in terms of individual health and public health in reducing the divorce rate.

The aim of this study was to examine the causal model of the relationship between tendency to marital infidelity and media use mediated by dysfunctional attitudes and emotional divorce. This is a descriptive-correlational research, and its statistical population consisted of married people in Kermanshah, Iran. Based on the availability sampling method, 300 people were selected from among those who had referred to psychologists' clinics, and they answered the marital infidelity and dysfunctional attitudes scales and media use and emotional divorce questionnaires. The findings revealed that media use indirectly and through dysfunctional attitudes and emotional divorce directly affect tendency to marital infidelity. Also, media use directly predicts dysfunctional attitudes, and dysfunctional attitudes directly affect emotional divorce. Emotional divorce further directly predicts tendency to marital infidelity.

Cosmetic surgery is one of the most common phenomena in recent decades. Due to high prevalence of psychiatric disorders among cosmetic surgery applicants, it is important to explore the pathways and variables affecting their mental health. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of basic psychological needs in the relationship between attachment styles and psychopathology in women undergoing cosmetic surgery.

The research was descriptive and based on correlation models. Available sampling method was employed in order to gather data from 300 women referring to Kermanshah specialized surgical centres, for doing cosmetic surgeries. Collected data were analyzed employing attachment styles questionnaire, basic psychological needs and psychopathology, and by SPSS 22 and LISREL 8/8.

The hypothetical model of the research fitted the experimental data. There was a significant relationship between attachment styles and psychopathology directly and indirectly. The results of path analysis indicated a mediating role for the difficulties of psychological needs in the relationship between attachment styles and psychopathology.

Attachment styles and basic psychological needs can be effective in preventing, diagnosing and treating of mental disorders, and promoting mental health of cosmetic surgery applicants.

The aim of this study was to predict emotional divorce based on conflict control styles and psychological hardiness in couples.

This research was descriptive and correlational in terms of practical purpose and data collection method. The statistical population of this study included all couples in Kermanshah in 2017 that had referred to counseling centers. The statistical sample of this study was 200 people. Couples (100 couples) were selected using available and voluntary sampling methods from counseling centers and psychological clinics. The research tools included Ahvaz Hardship Questionnaire (1998); Murray & Strauss Conflict Resolution Control Styles Questionnaire (1999) and Razeghi Emotional Divorce Scale (2009). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and Amos modeling software at a significance level of 0.05.

Research findings showed that psychological Hardiness had a significant relationship with emotional divorce of couples in Kermanshah and there was a significant relationship between conflict control styles and emotional divorce of couples. There was also a significant relationship between conflict control styles and psychological stubbornness of couples. Also, the results of regression test showed that the two variables of psychological Hardiness and conflict control styles can predict positive and significant emotional divorce in couples(P<0.005).

According to the findings, high psychological distress can prevent emotional divorce and the higher the psychological Hardiness of individuals, the less likely they are to experience emotional divorce

Marriage is one of the oldest human relationships that reflects human personality and plays a prominent role in the direction of human life.

The present study aimed to provide a model of structural equations in relation to the tendency to divorce with communication skills and the health of the main family with the mediating role of marital intimacy and conflict between couples in Kermanshah.

The statistical population of this study is all couples in Kermanshah and the sampling method is cluster. Among the eight municipal districts, District 8 was selected and 200 couples were selected as sample members. The tools used were the Kenzas Conflict Scale (1985), Walker and Thompsonchr('39')s Marital Intimacy (193), The Health of the Homeostat et al. (1985), Quinn Damchr('39')s Communication Skills (2001), Rosoltchr('39')s Divorce Tendency (1986). IBM AMOS 24 software was used to analyze the data.

The health of the main family through marital conflicts and marital intimacy is related to the tendency to divorce (P <0.05). Communication skills through marital conflicts and marital intimacy are also associated with the tendency to divorce (P <0.05) and each of the variables of marital conflicts and marital intimacy is directly related to divorce (P <0.05).

Intimate and intimate marital relationship is based on considering the spouse in any situation. When couples reduce high communication skills, high intimacy, and low levels of conflict, they will certainly experience a lower tendency to divorce.

Although progress has been made in the treatment of cardiac patients in the last two decades, the prevalence of coronary heart disease is on the rise. Also, factors such as social stress, conflict and hostile behavior can lead to abnormal coronary artery contractions, increased coronary artery occlusion, malignant heart rate abnormalities, and consequently, cardiac failure. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of non-prescriptive CBT, tone and musical therapy in the resilience of coronary artery disease patients.

In this research, a pseudo-experimental design was used with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the study included all patients with coronary artery disease who were hospitalized in Imam Ali Hospital in Kermanshah in 2017-2018. Sampling in this study was carried out in two stages. A sample of 50 eligible individuals was selected. The data gathering tool was the Conor and Davidson self-report questionnaire. The data were analyzed using MANOVA and MANCOVA in SPSS20 software.

The results of the study showed that the three therapeutic methods had a favorable effect on the patients' vibration, but CBT treatments had a more favorable effect on patients' resilience. After CBT, relaxation had the greatest impact on patient's resilience.

The effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy in increasing the resilience of coronary artery disease patients is more than music therapy and behavioral relaxation.

Emotional divorce and marital conflicts are the most risky factors in marital disputes. Also, psychological hardiness is an important component of personality and determines vulnerability to stress and family problems. Therefore, the question of the present study is whether psychological stubbornness can play a mediating role in the relationship between conflict control styles and emotional divorce? The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of psychological hardiness in the relationship between conflict control styles and emotional divorce in couples. The study was a correlational study. The statistical population consisted of all couples who had referred to counseling centers in Kermanshah in 1396. 200 people were selected by voluntary sampling and available as sample. Research tools are: Ahwaz Hardiness Questionnaire (1998), Conflict Resolution Control Style Questionnaire (Murray & Strauss, 1990) and Emotional Divorce Test (Razegi, Ghobari Bonab & Mazaheri, 2008). Data were analyzed using Bartlett test and structural equations. The role of psychological stubbornness in relation to conflict resolution styles and emotional divorce of couples is significant. There is a significant relationship between emotional couple of (p<0/01). It can be said that couples with higher psychological stiffness and conflict control skills experience less emotional divorce.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of compassion-based treatment on reducing rumination, anxiety and worry in obsessive-compulsive patients.

The method of the present study was a quasi-experimental experimental method in terms of data collection and its research design was a pretest-posttest design with a control group. . The study population consisted of all patients referred to counseling and psychological clinics in District 5 of Tehran. Sampling method The present study was purposive stepwise cluster sampling. Based on previous research, 15 people were selected for each group, which was a total of 30 people. Two educational packages and three questionnaires were used to evaluate the dependent variables of the research. First, the subjects in this study underwent compassion-oriented training for 8 weeks and 16 volumes of 90 minutes. The Yousefi Ruminant Questionnaire (2005), the Connor Anxiety Questionnaire (2000) and the Pennsylvania State Anxiety Inventory (PSWQ) were used to diagnose obsessive-compulsive disorder patients. Was used.

The findings showed that when obsessive-compulsive patients become aware of skills, talents, emotions, beliefs, attitudes, and cognitive and social abilities and thus overcome their mental rumination, anxiety and worry, as a result They perform well and gain success in treatment by doing homework at the right time and with the right quality.

The results of analysis of covariance showed that compassion-oriented treatment reduced rumination, anxiety and worry in obsessive-compulsive patients.

Anxiety and depression are a disabling condition in patients with coronary artery disease. This disorder has been reported in 20% of patients with coronary artery disease and has a significant relationship with increased mortality and complications of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate and to compare three non-cognitive-behavioral therapies, music therapist and relaxation therapy on this common disorder.

In this research, a pseudo-experimental design was used with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the study included all patients with coronary artery disease hospitalized in Imam Ali Hospital in Kermanshah in 2017-2018. Sampling in this study was carried out in two stages. A sample of 50 eligible individuals was selected. They were then randomly assigned to three treatment groups and one control group. Each test group received a specified number of 2-hour therapeutic sessions. Data was collected by Beck anxiety and depression Inventory. Data was analyzed using manso and mancoa analysis in SPSS20 software.

The results of this study showed that all three therapeutic methods have an effective effect on the level of anxiety and depression in patients, but the effect of CBT treatments on anxiety and depression in patients is more than that of relaxation therapy and music therapy after CBT, relaxation has the greatest impact on anxiety and depression, and music therapy is in third place with a slight difference.

The results showed that the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on decreasing anxiety and depression in coronary artery disease patients was more than music therapy and behavioral relaxation.

Psychological factors play a significant role in the exacerbation of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of teaching emotion regulation skill (based on dialectical behavioral therapy) on cognitive emotion regulation and Quality of Life (QoL) of patients with cardiovascular diseases.

 The present study has a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and the control group. The statistical population of the study included all patients with cardiovascular diseases in Kermanshah City, Iran in 2018. Among them, 30 participants were selected by simple random sampling method. Then, they were randomly assigned to the two groups of experimental and control (each group 15 patients). We performed the intervention of excited ordering education based on dialectical behavioral therapy for the experimental group in eight 90-minute sessions, while the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. To collect study information, we used a short form of the emotional cognitive regulation questionnaire and MacNew Quality of Life Questionnaire. To analyze the data, we used the multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS V. 20.

 The Research Ethics Committee of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences approved this study (Code: IR.KUMS.REC.1397.39).

 The results showed that the scores of Positive Cognitive-Emotional Strategies and quality of life of cardiovascular patients after training of emotional regulation skills based on dialectical behavioral therapy in experimental group significantly increased in comparison with control group, and also Negative Strategies Scores were decreased (P<0.01). 

 Based on our positive study results, we recommend the therapists to use psychological treatments as complementary therapies for these patients.

This study is to examine the effectiveness of parent education that employs Adlerian approach in reducing guilt in depressed children and improving their psychological well-being. The method of this research is quasi experimental with pre-test/post-test design followed-up by a group control. The statistical population consists of all sixth-grade students in elementary school of Kamyaran, Kurdistan, Iran studying during the academic year of 2017-2018 Ad (1396-1397 SH). Using randomized cluster sampling, boys and girls were selected and 60 parents whose children showed signs of depression were placed into experimental and control groups. The experimental group went through 8 ninety-minute sessions of parent education with Adlerian approach. In both groups, parents’ children answered to questionnaires that were designed based on Ryff’s psychological well-being scales (2002) and Izonk’s guilt and shame scales (2007). The data was analyzed with mixed-design analysis of variance. Accordingly, the findings have shown that the average scores of post-test and follow-up of the feelings of guilt in depressed students decreased and their psychological well-being improved significantly. Therefore, parent education that employs Adlerian approach has been effective in decreasing guilt in depressed children and improving their psychological well-being.

Emotion regulation involves all conscious and unconscious strategies that are used to increase, maintain and reduce the emotional, behavioral, and cognitive components of an emotional response. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of teaching discipline-based emotional discipline based on dialectical behavioral therapy on psychological distress and cognitive flexibility in cardiovascular patients.

The present study is a semi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all cardiovascular patients in Kermanshah in 2018. Among them, 30 subjects were selected through available sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups of experimental and control (each group was 15). Intervention of teaching skill Emotion Regulation Based on dialectical behavioral therapy for the experimental group was performed in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, while the control group did not receive any interventions during this period. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Questionnaire (DASS-21) and Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire (CFI) were used to collect information. To analyze the data, multivariate analysis of covariance was performed using SPSS software version 20. 

Data analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the mean scores of the pre-test and post-test of the experimental and control groups (P<0/05); that is, the discipline-based excitement education based on dialectical behavioral therapy reduces depression, anxiety and stress and increases the cognitive flexibility of the experimental group Compared to the control group.

According to the results, it is possible to use the emotional ordering based on dialectical behavior therapy to improve the psychological distress and cognitive flexibility of heart patients.

Cosmetic surgery is one of the most common phenomena in recent decades. Due to high prevalence of psychiatric disorders among the cosmetic surgery applicants, it is important to explore the pathways and variables which affect mental health of these people. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of difficulties in excitement adjustment in the relationship between attachment styles and psychopathology in women undergoing cosmetic surgery.

The present study was descriptive and based on correlation models. The sample included all women who applied for cosmetic surgery who referred to the specialized surgical centers of Kermanshah, 300 of whom were selected by available sampling method. Data were collected by attachment styles. Excitement adjustment difficulty and psychopathology questionnaire and were analyzed by SPSS 22 and LISREL 8/8.

The hypothesized model of research is fitted with the experimental data. There was a significant relationship between attachment styles and psychopathology directly and indirectly. The results of path analysis indicated mediating role of the difficulties of excitement adjustment in the relationship between attachment styles and psychopathology.

Attachment styles and difficulties in excitement adjustment can be effective in preventing, diagnosing and treating of mental disorders, and promoting mental health of cosmetic surgery applicants.

The purpose of current research is to determine the effect of spiritual intelligence training on coping with stress and making effective communication among the adolescent girls.The research design was semi-experimental one with pretest-posttest with control group and follow-up stage. The statistical population includes all female students of the eighth grade of Tehran in the academic year of 1396-1397. A total of 56 people were selected randomly in a multi-stage cluster sampling and randomly replaced in two groups of experimental and control.The present research tool was Andler & Parker’s Coping with stress Questionnaire (CISS), Karami’s Communication skills Questionnaire and Bowell’s spiritual intelligence educational package. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis. The statistical analysis of the data showed that 9 sessions of spiritual intelligence training intervention caused a significant increased the problem coping and effective communication between students and that also caused a significant reduction of emotional coping and avoidance coping.

Regarding the antimonial-resistant of Leishmania spp., understanding of related mechanism is neces sary. One of the most important involved molecules is aquaglyceropin1 (AQP1). The aim of this study was molecu lar analysis of AQP1 gene from antimonial-resistant clinical isolates and its expression. Overall, 150 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis referring to the reference laboratories of Yazd and Varzaneh,, located 105km southeast of Isfahan and 240km away from Yazd, were assessed from Jun 2015 to Dec 2017. After sampling, staining was done and evaluated for Leishman by microscope. Samples were collected in RNAlater solution for gene expression analysis in non-healing isolates. DNA extraction was performed from each slide with Leishman body. All patients with L. major isolates detected by ITS1-PCR-RFLP were followed for find ing the resistant isolates, consequence of molecular characterization of AQP1 using PCR-RFLP. Gene expression of AQP1 from all resistant isolates was assessed in comparison with the one in a sensitive isolate. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS. The significance level was considered ≤0.05. Five isolates were detected as antimonial resistant. Molecular detection and identification were appeared that all were L. major. The molecular characterization of AQP1 showed G562A mutation. Gene expression of AQP1 in resistant isolates showed 1.67 fold higher than the sensitive isolate. We reported a new point mutation of G562A in AQP1 gene involved in molecular mechanism in re sistant isolates.