saeid jafari

Introduction Equitable access for all citizens to public services is one of the basic principles of planning, which has become important in emerging justice-centric approaches in recent decades, and requires reaching out to the rural community to explore resources and facilities in these areas .Methodology The purpose of this study is to measure the amount of spatial justice in the distribution of sustainable development indicators in rural areas. This research is applied in terms of its purpose and based on the descriptive-analytical nature of which the approach is quantitative .Results and discussion In order to analyze the subject, a framework of eight indicators in 54 items was used based on the official statistics of the Population and Housing Censorship of 1395 that were weighed using the AHP method. To analyze the data and rank the villages, the method of decision making was used as a method for choosing VIKOR and TOPSIS. Finally, the rank average was used. Also, for analyzing the distribution of indices, the coefficient of dispersion was used. Conclusion The results of the dispersion coefficient also indicate inequality in the distribution of indicators, and the greatest inequality is in distributing indicators of health care centers, the representation of the kerosene and fuel location. In order to improve the development and achievement of spatial justice, it is suggested that health, infrastructure and . indicators be more appropriately distributed so that sustainable development in rural areas will lead to balanced growth.

In this research, a miniaturized narrow-band bandpass filter is presented. The design procedure has been started using a coupled structure and the final circuit has been bent to reduce the circuit size. The operational frequency is located at 3.6 GHz with an acceptable sharpness in the transition bands. In the passband, both the insertion and return loss are 0.6 and 27 dB, respectively. The obtained fractional bandwidth of the filter is about 2%, which is highly appropriate for a special-purpose narrow-band BPF. The presented BPF has been fabricated on an RT/Dourid5880 substrate. The obtained results of the fabricated circuit are consistent with the simulation one.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of personal and social responsibility in the relationship between social capital and students' altruism. The research method was descriptive-survey type. And the statistical population was the students of physical education conservatories in Sistan and Baluchestan province, 285 person were selected as a statistical sample from the cluster sampling method. The data collection tools included was the standard questionnaires was by personal and social responsibility of Lee et al (2008), Social capital Khalifa Soltani et al. (2021) and altruism by Manzur and Olavarrieta (2021). Face and content validity were used to check the validity of the questionnaires.The data was analyzed through structural equation modeling using Lisrel software. Structural equation modeling analyzes confirmed the suitability of the proposed model. The results showed that the positive and direct effects of social capital and personal and social responsibility have positive and direct effects on altruism. Also, the positive and indirect effect of social capital through personal and social responsibility on students' altruism was shown. According to the results of the research, one of the methods of persuading students to engage in extra-role behaviors for altruism, improving social capital and personal and social responsibility.

This study reports the antibacterial capability a low density polyethylene (LDPE) modified with ZnO nanoparticles using Sol Gel technique. Antibacterial activity of prepared films against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was examined. The operational conditions such as pH, time, amount of ZnO nanoparticles and silanol concentration was optimized using respond surface methodology (RSM). The proposed film under optimum condition was applied for packaging of milk sample. The highest antibacterial activity of ZnO/LPDE were pH (6.0), time (103 min), amount of ZnO nanoparticles (0.68 % w/v) and silanol agent concentration (4.81 % v/v). The antibacterial properties of ZnO/LDPE films were assessed based on the diameter of inhibition zone in a disk diffusion test against E. coli and S. aureus. These films have significantly reduced the growth of mentioned bacteria. Overall, antimicrobial packaging shows promise as an effective method for the inhibition of certain bacteria include E. coli and S. aureus in milk. The resulting ZnO/LDPE package films containing Milk sample exhibit superior and prolonged antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus during 7 and 14 days.

The present study aimed to explore the impact of media consumption on pro-environmental behavior, with a focus on the mediating role of environmental awareness among sports science students in Sistan and Baluchestan province. The research method employed was of a descriptive-survey nature, with the statistical population comprising all sports science students in the province. A sample of 271 students was selected using the cluster sampling method. The data collection instruments included the standard media consumption questionnaire developed by Mahmoudian et al. (2015), the environmental awareness questionnaire by Si et al. (2022), and the pro-environmental behavior questionnaire designed by Van and Dave (2022). Face and content validity checks were utilized to ensure the questionnaires' validity. The data was analyzed using structural equation modeling with Lisrel software, confirming the suitability of the proposed model. The results revealed positive and direct effects of media consumption and environmental awareness on pro-environmental behavior. Additionally, the study demonstrated the positive and indirect impact of media consumption on pro-environmental behavior through environmental awareness among sports science students. Based on the findings, enhancing and promoting environmental awareness through the utilization of social and national media platforms emerges as a persuasive approach to encourage students to engage in extra-role behaviors for pro-environmental conduct.

With the emergence of the industrial age, the growing concern over environmental pollution has been to drug resistance in humans due to the use of antibiotics and their discharge in environment. The aim of this work was to synthesis of a carbon ceramic composite based on molecular imprinted polymers (MIP) particles via non-covalent procedure as selective adsorbent for removal of Cloxacillin (CLO) antibiotic from aqueous and biological media (MILK). The effect of operational parameters includes pH (3-10), contact time (1-120 min), MIP (0.1 – 5.0 %wt) and adsorbent dosage (0.1- 2.0 g/L) was studied for optimization of CLO removal condition. The synthesized MIP particles and fabricated carbon composites were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and nitrogen absorption/desorption (BET). The results showed that the removal efficiency was highest in neutral conditions and increased as amount of MIP particles increased. The optimum conditions for removal of CLO (94%) were determined at pH = 6.5, 87 minutes as contact time and the 1.6 g/L carbon composite contain 3.1 % wt MIP. The performance of the synthesized composites was evaluated for Cloxacillin removal from the milk sample. The performance of the MIP particles for the Cloxacillin removal of milk samples supplied from livestock showed that these adsorbents can help to effectively reduce the residues of drug contamination in dairy samples.

The trend of total factor productivity (TFP) and GDP growth per capita in most East Asian countries is upward and in most West Asian countries is downward or fluctuating. In this regard, this study seeks to investigate the reasons for the difference in TFP and consequently economic growth in East and West Asia. This study specifically analyzes the role of human capital, institutional factors, and relative backwardness in the productivity differences between East and West Asian countries for the period 2000-2019. The importance of this issue is that the main economic growth of countries occurs through the channel of total factor productivity and the study of factors affecting productivity can reveal the reasons for the growth of East Asian countries and the backwardness of West Asian countries. In this study, by forming two separate groups from East and West Asia, the model is estimated using the static GMM and the results for these two groups of countries are compared. The findings indicate that human capital, institutional factors, and distance to the technology frontier (DTF) are the most important reasons for the difference in productivity in East and West Asia. In most cases, human capital in East Asian countries has a positive effect on total factor productivity, while in West Asian countries it has no effect. The findings also show that institutional indicators in most cases in East Asian countries increase total factor productivity, while in West Asian countries do not have a significant effect on total factor productivity. A greater distance from the technology frontier (more relative backwardness) in West Asian countries than in East Asian countries leads to a further reduction in total factor productivity.

In this paper, we introduce and study a class of topologized groups called beta-I-topological groups.

This study reports the antibacterial capability a low density polyethylene (LDPE) modified with ZnO nanoparticles using Sol Gel technique. Antibacterial activity of prepared films against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was examined. The operational conditions such as pH, time, amount of ZnO nanoparticles and silanol concentration was optimized using respond surface methodology (RSM). The proposed film under optimum condition was applied for packaging of milk sample. The highest antibacterial activity of ZnO/LPDE were pH (6.0), time (103 min), amount of ZnO nanoparticles (0.68 % w/v) and silanol agent concentration (4.81 % v/v). The antibacterial properties of ZnO/LDPE films were assessed based on the diameter of inhibition zone in a disk diffusion test against E. coli and S. aureus. These films have significantly reduced the growth of mentioned bacteria. Overall, antimicrobial packaging shows promise as an effective method for the inhibition of certain bacteria include E. coli and S. aureus in milk. The resulting ZnO/LDPE package films containing Milk sample exhibit superior and prolonged antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus during 7 and 14 days.

In this study, we tried to present an efficient method for removal of Reactive red 241 (RR241) from aqueous media, using a modified carbon composite with GO sheets. The prepared nanocomposites were then charcterizded by commonly identical techniques involve FESEM, BET and FT-IR. In removal studies, various parameters affecting the adsorption process including pH, time, adsorbent dose, temperature as well as the amount of GO in the constraction of composite were studied by respond surface method. The optimum conditions for removal of 100 mg/L of dye was pH of 5.0, time of 75 minutes and the adsorbent dose of 1.47 g/L containing 4.15 wt.% of GO. The maximum removal of 96% was also achieved under optimum conditions. Experiments showed that the adsorption was more consistent with the Langmuir equations and the maximum adsorption under this model was 160 mg/g. The results of the removal experiments showed that the amount of the adsorbent, GO content and pH had a significant effect on RR241 removal. BET analysis indicated that the addition of GO to the carbon composite structure improved the pore size, total pore volume, and effective surface area of the composite. Also, isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamic studies of adsorption were depicted that Langmuir isotherm model, pseudo-second-order kinetic model and self-adsorption are suitable models for RR241dye adsorption.

The task of pressure reducing stations is to regulate the gas pressure in the standard range for different uses. The indirect water bath heater is used as part of the gas pressure transfer station to heat the gas before the pressure drops so that the condensate temperature in the gas does not reach the point of hydration formation during breaking and reducing the gas pressure. In this study, according to the characteristics of natural gas and heat transfer relations and mass survival and energy equations, an acceptable analysis of the thermal behavior of heaters has been done and the heater is modeled with appropriate accuracy and the effect of geometric parameters on the heat performance of the heater is investigated. By changing the heater geometry from cylindrical to cubic geometry, acceptable results were obtained by increasing efficiency and reducing fuel consumption.

This article investigates the impact of factors affecting the total productivity in Iran, in particular the type of energy consumption and human capital during the period of 1971-2014. In this regard, due to the endogeneity problem in the model, the factors affecting the growth of the total factor productivity in Iran were estimated using five different models implemented through GMM. According to the results, the intensity of fossil fuel use significantly reduces the total factor productivity in Iran. Also, the first lag of the total factor productivity, trade openness and intensity of renewable energies are the incremental factors of that productivity in Iran. Finally, the results indicate that human capital and foreign direct investment during the study period did not play a role in the total factor productivity in Iran, nor was the role of their interaction confirmed in productivity.

In this study, the role of human capital in sustainable development has been analyzed through A simultaneous equations models (economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions) using (GMM) over the period of 1971-2017. In this regard, and with the aim of improving the concept of human capital, average years of schooling and returns to education have been used as human capital index in the model. The results show that human capital in Iran due to the lack of attention to applied educations, the quality of education and mismatch between employment education and their jobs, not only lead to increase in economic growth but also make economic growth slowdown through Disruption of optimal resource allocation and waste of resources. The results also confirm the role of human capital in reducing energy consumption and thereby CO2 emission through the development of energy efficient technologies. The results also show that environmental considerations have not been taken into account in the process of economic growth and energy consumption. Finally, the results show that oil rents in Iran have reduced economic growth and thus اhas been led to the “oil curse phenomenon”.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting TFP in the East and West Asia in order to discover the reasons for the difference in total productivity in each of these regions. For this purpose, factors affecting TFP, especially human capital and oil rents, were investigated using several static and dynamic models and forming two distinct groups from East and West Asia. The results of the static models show that human capital, oil rents, trade openness and energy intensity are the most important reasons for the difference in total factor productivity in East and West Asian countries. Human capital and oil rents in West Asia have led to a decline in TFP, while human capital in East Asia has led to an increase in TFP. The degree of trade openness and energy intensity in West Asia are also important contributors to TFP growth while in the East Asia they are among the deterrents. Also, based on the results of dynamic models, total factor productivity in the past period has had the greatest role in total factor productivity in the current period for West and East Asian countries.

Flixweed (Descurainia sophia L.) is an annual plant that found in various parts of the world including Iran. Flixweed seed and its syrup have been traditionally prescribed as a remedy for diarrhea, heatstroke, palpitation, upset stomach, impotence, intestinal inflammation, constipation, skin eruptions, laxative, and antipyretic since ancient times. Despite the unique pharmaceutical and nutritious advantages of this product, its production is faced with two major problems in the food industry; first, its use is not suitable for diabetics because of the high amounts of sugar in the syrup formulation. On the other hand, the sedimentation of flixweed seed syrup is one of the other common problems of this traditional drinking which restrict its commercial production. The aims of this study are the first to investigate the possibility of replacing the sugar with grape syrup as a natural sweetener to producing a functional syrup and secondly the possibility of stabilizing the flixweed syrup using soluble soybean polysaccharide and xanthan gum as natural hydrocolloids. For producing the functional flixweed syrup, the first step was to examine the replacing of grape syrup in various ratios (0:100, 10:90, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50) of sugar in the formulation of syrup as a sugar substitute. Then, in order to stabilize the flixweed syrup, the effect of various concentrations of xanthan gum (0. 1, 0. 2, and 0. 3 % w/v) and soluble soybean polysaccharide (1, 2, and 3 % w/v) was studied. For pasteurization, samples were heated in 80 C for 1 min, and then cooled to 7 C. Then, some properties of the syrups (Brix, pH, phase separation, colour, rheological and organoleptic properties) were compared together. Brix and pH were calculated using refractometer and pH meter, respectively. Stability of samples was investigated according to phase separation after thirty days storage of samples in the refrigerator. Color characteristics, including lightness (L*), Redness (a*), yellowness (b*), browning index (BI), and caramelization (Hue) were evaluated by means of Konica Minolta CR-400 apparatus. Rheological properties of the syrups were measured by Ultra DV3- LV Rheometer. Organoleptic features of samples containing color, flavor, odor, fluidity, mouth feel, and overall acceptability were evaluated using 10 trained penelists. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design and means were compared using Duncan method at p<0. 05. According to the results of this research, the optimal ratio of grape syrup to sugar was 40:60 as substitute of sugar in flixweed syrup. The best functional flixweed syrup included 5% seed, 6% sugar, and 4% grape syrup. Results revealed that the addition of xanthan gum and soluble soybean polysaccharide had no significant effect on pH and Brix of samples. In addition, soluble soybean polysaccharide had no effect on stability of syrups, while the xanthan increased the stability. The use of 0. 3% concentration of xanthan gum completely prevented the phase separation of syrup after thirty days' storage. The most appropriate model for the control syrup and samples containing soluble soybean polysaccharide was Newtonian model, and it was a pseudoplastic model for syrups including xanthan gum. The results of colorometric showed the pasteurization increased the lightness, redness, yellowness, caramelization and browning indices. As well as, the sensory characteristics of stabilized syrups were very similar to blank samples. Based on the findings of this study, that using grape syrup and xanthan gum can be produced the stabilized and functional Flixweed syrup including appreciate organoleptic features

Coating of tomato fruits with edible hydrocolloids improves some their postharvest qualitative features. The effect of 1% solution of trehalose, including Artemisia sieberi essential oil as an edible coating on the some qualitative features of cherry tomato including water loss (%), firmness (N), titrable acidity (%citric acid), ascorbic acid (%), antioxidant activity (DPPH assay), color (L*a*b*) and organoleptic characteristics was evaluated during ten days of storage compared to non-coated sample in the refrigerator (4C and 75-85% RH). The essential oil was extracted from the aerial parts of A. sieberi with hydrodisstilation and using Clevenger apparatus and added to trehalose (0. 5, 1, and 1. 5% v/w). The weight, firmness, titrable acidity, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity of all samples decreased during storage, but at the end of storage fruit coated with trehalose and essential oil showed a lower weight loss and higher firmness and antioxidant activity compared to uncoated cherry tomato. Coating of fruits delayed the decrease of titrable acidity and ascorbic acid during storage. The results indicated that the coating retained the lightness (L*) and increased the redness (a*) of the tomatoes. This coating also improved some of the sensory and appearance properties (color, odor, texture, taste) of the tomato without any adverse effect on its overall acceptance. It is concluded that trehalose comprising A. sieberi essential oil as a novel coating clearly delayed ripening and senescence effects on cherry tomatoes and promoted the storage postharvest quality of fruits.

This research is an attempt to improve the current stat of the printing industries best technologies in this industry are identified. In this regard, components and sub-components that effective the choice of printing technology in the industry are identified, evaluated and significance of each component is determined. This research is an applied research and bench marking criteria below, select a template technology process and the participation of experts, and in the form of a questionnaire, the number of paired comparisons the weight of each criteria and sub-criteria was determined. In this study generally three criteria, twelve sub-criteria and four alternatives were studied. Finally, after determining the weight of the technical criteria, sub-criteria return on investment were dedicated to the highest weights, Investment rate for all tables completed by the experts and the general inconsistency rate was calculated for each table. Inconsistency rate of less that 0/1 was found to be acceptable. The validity of the content validity confirmed by experts and scholars in this area is confirmed. the internal consistency reliability of the questionnaire responses to questionnaires and compatibility whit all questionnaire items are highlighted.

In the recent years، environmental pollution، specially، air pollution، has become one of the main concerns of the international community and those are affected health of living organisms and natural ecosystems. In the recent past، environmental pollution has imposed significant human and financial costs on society. One of the most pollutant sectors is the industrial sector and between the polluting industries، the high energy consumer industries have imposed a significant part of environmental pollution. Hence، assessment of environmental performance in these industries is important. This paper using a directional distance function approach and (SBM) approach has evaluated the environmental performance and technical efficiency in the other non-metallic mineral products and production of basic metals industry، respectively. The results indicate that the other non-metallic mineral products industry Although technically more efficient، but have a lower environmental performance and Production industrial facilities، industrial Production cement، lime and plaster and asphalt manufacturing industry had the lowest environmental performance.

The note studies further properties and results of analysis in the setting of hyper metric spaces. Among others, we present some results concerning the hyper uniform limit of a sequence of continuous functions, the hyper metric identification theorem and the metrization problem for hyper metric space.

Electricity is not substitutable. Especially, Electricity is a necessity in the residential sector. In the other hand, electricity does not have storage capabilities. Therefore, its supply and demand should be proportional to each other. Hence, attention to its demand side is important. This paper uses panel data of 28 provinces of Iran to investigate on the factors affecting on the household electricity consumption in Iran in the period 1381-1388. According to the result the price of electricity in the household sector in Iran has little impact on the power consumption in this sector. Also, the impact of alternative energy prices such as natural gas and oil, are low on the electricity consumption. The results indicate that the electricity consumption in the household sector has been more affected by consumption habits.

Today، environmental issues، especially water and air pollution problems havebecome a major global concern. Air pollution، affects the health of living organismsand natural ecosystems. According to various studies، financial development in acountry may attract Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and higher degrees of researchand development (R&D). This، in turn can، increase the environmental performanceand thereby reduce environmental pollution. This investigation aims to examine therole of financial development and energy consumption in Iran during 1971-2007، inthe framework of the environmental Kuznets curve، using ARDL approach. According to results further financial development in Iran lead to decrease of CO2emissions. In addition، an increase in energy consumption in Iran is likely toincrease CO2 emissions. Also، the results reject the Environmental Kuznets Curvehypothesis in Iran in the long-term.

As one of the major actors in the Middle East since the rise of the Justice and Development Party to power, Turkey has pursued new trends in its foreign policy. This change in practice that can be explained within the constructivist framework has managed to present Turkey’s moderate Islamic model as a pattern able to compete with other existing Islamic political models in the region. With the new uprisings in the Arab countries of the Middle East and rivalry for acquiring power among various groups in the countries, many debates have taken place concerning the pursuit of a particular model in the new governments. In the meantime, considering its soft and hard capacities, highlighting the religious fabric (Shafei Sunni), cultural tolerance with the minorities at home, strategic coordination with the West, and praising the glory of the Ottoman Empire, Turkey has tried to take precedence over the existing Islamic models in the region (Iran, Saudi Arabia and Egypt), inviting the new Arab governments and even the revolutionary movements to the rule of moderate Muslims within the Justice and Development Party framework.

Nowadays, depression is one of the most prevalent psychological disorders and is a prevalent mood disorder. Recently researches about depression etiology, show that in addition to different neurotransmitters and life events, internal stressors such as serum cholesterol, triglyceride and some coagulation factors can have an effect. This study was focused on the relationship between major depressive disorder and serum cholesterol level.

This research is a case control study that was performed in the year 2006. Case group were 62 patients referred to Hashemi Senejani psychiatric medical center and control group were chosen from ENT ward patients of Amir-Kabir hospital. Both groups were paired match for age, gender and education. In order to determine serum cholesterol level, 5cc blood sample was taken of each person from both groups. Data was analyzed using K-S and Mann-Witheny U tests.

The mean age of samples was 35.5±9.9 years. 77% were female, 67.2% married, 25.8%single and 6.5% divorced. Average serum cholesterol level in case group (215.6 ± 47.6 mg/dl) in comparison to control group (183.1 ± 31.2 mg/dl) was significantly higher (p<0.05).

Regarding the results, it seems that serum cholesterol is an internal stressor for depressive disorder so everyone with high serum cholesterol level must be evaluated for depressive disorder.

In this paper, we apply the notion of a-open sets in topological spacesto present and study contra-a-continuity as a new generalization of contra-continuity (Dontchev, 1996).