sayed hamid hashemi

After the verdict stripping the nationality of Sheikh Isa Qasim, Bahrain Shiite leader and Condemnation by many regional and international actors, including Gen. Qasim Soleimani, in terms of understanding the aggressive behavior of Bahrain and the cause of issuing a statement by Quds Force commander, several discussions emerged in the political atmosphere of the country. In this paper, at first according to escalating crisis principle, the Bahrain behavior will be investigated as a subsystem of Saudi Arabia behavior against Iran and then Gen Soleimanis acting as a factor for changing players calculation will be analyzed. However, issuing this statement and its effects both in terms of identifying its areas and effects and consequences is an important issue which should be considered to decision-making systems in the foreign political atmosphere.At the end, ahead Solutions for Islamic republic of Iran from international law viewpoint as sectional and quick demanding are investigated. Then Suggestions in the fields of political and security acting with strategic outlook including: Change playground, strengthen the Bahraini people movement and adopt proportion strategy to the escalating crisis are emphasized.

Encephalitis can cause a severe public health problem. The main aim of this research was to evaluate the medical laboratory results of patients with Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) encephalitis. Diagnosis of encephalitis for these patients was firstly based on a clinical profile for Herpes Simplex Encephalitis (HSE), plus either a detected HSV1&2-DNA by PCR in CSF or brain neuro-imaging results. Molecular testing on CSF showed that 15 patients (15%) had HSV infection, 5 patients (5%) had Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) and one case was positive for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-RNA in CSF. The cause of encephalitis in 79 out of 100 patients (79%) was unknown. The comparison of CSF analysis in HSV positives and negatives showed a significant increase of glucose and protein levels in HSV positives than negatives. The mortality rate was 46.6% (7/15) in patients with HSV encephalitis compared to 11.4% (10/85) in non-HSV encephalitis (P = 0.003). In the current study, 15% of cases were diagnosed as having HSV.

The E-selectin mediates the interaction of activated endothelial cells with leukocytes and plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of asthma. It has been suggested that an S/R (Serine128Arginine) polymorphism of E-selectin alters ligand binding function. Our purpose in this study was to determine whether this Serine128Arginine polymorphism influences the risk of asthma and also to analyze the possible correlation of disease severity in Iranian patients with polymorphism of E-selection. We studied human E-selectin gene polymorphism in 172 asthmatic patients and 173 healthy volunteers by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). To determine the severity of the asthma’s situation, a questionnaire was prepared requesting the following information: age, sex, clinical signs and symptoms and past medical history. After the participants filled in the questionnaire, all active or ex-smoker patients were excluded. A trained observer assessed airway reversibility, peak flowmetry and spirometry in asthmatic patients. We found increased serum levels of soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) in asthmatic patients compared with healthy subjects (P<0. 0001). Frequencies of the SS, SR, and RR genotypes were found as 66.3%, 31.4%, and 2.3% in the patients and 91.9%, 8.1%, and 0.0% in control subjects, respectively. The 128Arg allele was more prevalent in patients than controls (OR 5.78; 95% CI, 3.07-10.86, P<0.0001). However, in this study the polymorphism was not associated with circulating sE-selectin levels. We found a direct correlation between the level of sE-selectin and the severity of asthma (P=0.001). On the other hand, there was a close relation between 128Arginine carriage and disease severity (P<0.0001). These results suggest that the Ser128Arg polymorphism of the E-selectin gene is a genetic factor that may be associated with the severity of asthma.