seyed mahmoud hoseini

One of the most important strategies offered for agricultural development is the empowerment and participation of farmers and greenhouse owners in various dimensions. Undoubtedly, the activities of the pillars of the agricultural knowledge and information system can play a significant role in this empowerment. Considering the importance of the topic, the present research was conducted with the aim of identifying the components of the empowerment of greenhouse workers, emphasizing the role of the pillars of the agricultural knowledge and information system, using the phenomenological approach in Razavi Khorasan province. The statistical population of the research consists of agricultural Jihad experts, academic experts, private sector experts and managers of greenhouses in Razavi Khorasan province. Informed people were collected by snowball method and data were collected by in-depth interview and direct observation. Data analysis was done based on Claysey's model. The initial coding process was done by identifying the evidence from the written interviews for 30 interviews, and the result of this step is the identification of 149 primary codes. In the second stage, 21 formulated meanings were obtained, and by categorizing them, the research theme, which is the factors affecting the empowerment of greenhouse owners, was identified. As a result of the analysis of the findings, six main themes of the achievements and consequences of the agricultural knowledge and information system with emphasis on the ability of greenhouse farmers, drivers, strategies and strategies, moderating conditions (supportive and supportive policies), background conditions, Achievements and consequences were obtained.

Psychological empowerment is one of the interesting topics of human resource management researchers and is one of the important factors for predicting and understanding organizational behavior. This research sought to identify the factors affecting the psychological empowerment of Iranian agricultural extension Specialists and the methodology of qualitative content analysis with conventional content analysis approach. According to necessity, the method of theoretical sampling (interview with managers and Specialists of agricultural extension was 16) and the data were analyzed using MAXQDA12 software. Based on the results of the interviews analysis, A total of 83 initial codes were extracted from the interview, which were formed in four categories including: Individual and personality factors that underlie psychological empowerment (with 5 subcategories), Organizational contexts related to psychological empowerment (with 7 subcategories), Psychological empowerment structures (with 6 subcategories), Environmental factors that underlie psychological empowerment (with 4 subcategories). At the end, there were Suggestions to the psychological empowerment of agricultural extension experts. Results of this study have practical implications for managers, policymakers and human resources planners in the agricultural extension system and academic communities.

This research was conducted in a mixed method, in order to promote the positive organizational behaviors of agricultural extension experts through psychological empowerment. In the qualitative section, interviews were conducted with 16 experts of agricultural extension, using purposive sampling method. By analyzing the content of the interviews, using MAXQDA12 software, indices of psychological empowerment including Meaning, Competency, Impact, Choice, Trust and positive organizational behaviors including sharing job experience behavior, Innovative career behavior, behavior related to maintenance and development of professional values, behavior of improving quality of agricultural extension Services, behavior of improving agricultural extension agility, and behavior of improving Public trust in agricultural extension  were derived in the form of a conceptual model. In the quantitative section, the statistical population of the study consisted of experts of agricultural extension in the whole country in 1397, among which 192 experts of agricultural extension were selected by stratified sampling method. The data collection instrument was a researcher's developed questionnaire of psychological empowerment and positive organizational behaviors. Finally, data analysis was done by SPSS and Smart PLS software. The results showed that psychological empowerment has role in promoting positive organizational behaviors. In general, the psychological empowerment explains 48.8% of the changes in positive organizational behavior of agricultural extension experts. The value of Q2 was 0.180 for positive organizational behavior construct, which supports the suitability of prediction model for the endogenous structure of positive organizational behavior of agricultural extension experts.

Current mixed method research which used the Q-method to examine and explain agricultural extension managers’ Mental patterns regarding psychological empowerment of employees. The main idea Q-method is identify Mental thoughts hinking, opinions, attitudes, and beliefs of people about the phenomenon under examination. The participants (N=12) included Agricultural Extension managers that were selected through purposive sampling. To collect data, some deep interviews were administered .Given the appraisal and summarization of concourse, 60 short statements were selected as Q phrases and after a survey of experts, 41 Q samples were selected. Gathered information was analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using VARIMAX rotation. Semantic analysis showed that 4 distinct subjective patterns in psychological empowerment of agricultural extension staff were distinced by participants which could account for 81.49 percent of total variance. These 4 subjective pattern were called as “conductive Mental of context factors empowering ", “conductive Mental of environments factors empowering” “conductive Mental of structural factors empowering” and “conductive Mental of Individual Factors empowering”. The importance and priority of the identified factors were determined based on subjective patterns. By interpreting each of these patterns, suggestions were made to implement them.

Actor analysis is one of the most important methods in futures studies, actor analysis has a special status independently and with combination to other methods especially with scenario planning methods. Aim of this article is to design an actor analysis model based on stakeholders’ analysis models in management fields and specific actor analysis models in futures studies filed, in order to develop this model main factors from current models were discovered then the mentioned model was developed according to confirmed factors. Research methodology was based on Lynham’s methodology and data were collected from current theory and 14 expert's opinion which gathered from individual interview and expert panel. Results lead us to design attraction of intervention matrix (AIM) based on four index, power, type, tendency and time of actor intervention. This matrix categorizes actors into 5 area contain invaders, defenders, allies, merchants and hesitant and gain capability of actor analysis and strategy development. Attraction of intervention matrix was applied in Syria case in order to peruse capability of model in a real case, in order to rank actors, we used 5 methods including Simple Additive Method, Linear Assignment Method, TOPSIS, Taxonomy and Friedman test and utilized Copland methods to merge outcomes. Eventually results reveled in attraction of intervention matrix and 7 key actors including 5 allies (with positive strong power and continually intervention) and 2 invaders (with negative strong power and continually intervention) were marked and other actors were in groups with weaker power and delay in intervention.

Ab- Deraz Formation is from the Lithostratigraphic units of the Kopet Dagh Basin in upper Cretaceous located in the North Eastern of Iran. According to the palynological studies by the use of Dinoflagellates, the age of Ab- Deraz in the section of West Sanganeh village Touronian to the middle Santonian was determined. The aim of this study is separation sequence units and determining water sea level changes by using palynological factors which is used for the first time on Ab- Deraz Formation. After reading the systematic of 41 samples of this Formation with the use of the palynological factors and agents three palynological facies identified and with the use of the triple a chart of Tyson was separated that includes three environment II: Marginal dysoxic-anoxic basin, V: Mud-dominated and oxic shelf, IV: Shelf to basin transition In order to separate sequence units based on three main changes of organic materials (Phytoclasts, palynomorphs and amorphs organic materials) and integration of these data with identified palynofacies, three sedimentary sequence kind of rank three with four sequence boundary ( three boundary of second kind and a type of first border) identified and determined.

Process models in management studies are quite applicable and prevalent. They often tend to be developed on the basis of qualitative and subjective approaches. The purpose of this article is to show how to develop a prescriptive process model using a quantitative method. The process model discussed in this article is on robust strategy; one which is viable regardless of what scenario happens in the environment and can thrive in a variegated environment.Although there are different techniques for robust strategy, none of them are complete and comprehensive, so the main problem can be formulated as developing a stepwise comprehensive and applied process model for designing a robust strategy, which can in its turn be used for developing strategies that are viable and reasonable in different situation.To design the process model, first, various applicable techniques were identified: Robust Decision Making (RDM), Stakeholders Analysis (SA) and Stakeholders Based Strategic Planning, Assumption Based Planning (ABP), Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), Potential Problem Analysis (PPA), Solution Effect Analysis (SEA), Uncertainty Sensitive Planning (USP), Scenario Based Planning (SBP). Second, these techniques were combined by interpretive structural modeling. The result of research (initial process model) was fed into action research as an input. The model was applied in an organization. Action, observation and reflection phases were done. Then a consensus group was used to test the utility of resultant process model. This article tried to design and propose a mix method to design a process model that makes modeling process, repeatable, clear, transparent, testable and structured. The result of research is prescriptive process model of robust strategy that is supported by observation and individual and collective reflection phases of action research.

The purpose of this paper is an ideal organizational strategic control function. Inferential and descriptive content analysis، qualitative and quantitative and ideal modeling are selected as the research strategies. In this paper three basic steps have been taken: The first step is to study and analyze the content of theories and models to determine the control functions. The second is designing the ideal type of reconstructed control based on content analysis of different views. The third is the analysis of the achieved ideal type based on the functional approach. A total of 7 controls and 6 functions for corporate control and three types of organizational control were deduced. Control is of three types، namely operational control (infrastrategic)، strategic control and suprastrategic control. Operational control and strategic control of three subsidiaries each have. In the article، researchers have proposed future research directions.