sh. goli

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 Drug interactions include chemical reactions that often occur between two or more drugs or even when a drug is taken with food, drink, or a supplement. Therefore, the aim of this current review is the determine potential drug interactions in the intensive care unit, and the role of nurses in their preventions.

This is a single-article review. Our available sources include all studies conducted on drug interactions in elderly care units between 2012 and 2024 that are included in this study. The databases searched include: CINAHL, Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane Data Base of Systematic Reviews, Wiley, Science Direct, Iran Medex, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Google Scholar. The Persian-English keywords searched were: "drug interactions", "potential drug interactions", “Adverse events",“ intensive care units ",“ critically units ", “Risk of drug coexistence”,” Drug accident”, “adult “and “elderly”.

The findings of this study showed that by searching for relevant keywords in the initial stage, 34 studies were found. 17 articles were excluded for reasons such as lack of relevance to the topic and unavailability of the full text of the article. Finally, 12 valid articles were confirmed, of which 6 were Persian articles and 6 were in English.

The study results showed that drug interactions have a direct relationship with low Apgar scores, age, long-term stays in the department, and the number of doctors. The drugs that were identified as the most interfering in the department, based on both Persian and English articles, are phenytoin, phenobarbital, and fentanyl.

According to the positivie psychology perspective, negative psychological experiences during pregnancy can be justified by their counterpart, ie the experience of happiness will reduce negative experiences and unreasonable fears of pregnant women and improve their immune system, creativity and decision making ability. The aim of this study was to determine the level of happiness and desire of pregnant women for natural childbirth and the factors affecting on it during the year 2021.

This descriptive study was performed on 312 pregnant women in Kordkoy in 2021. Sampling was total counting. The data collection method was the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire and the propensity to the type of child birth was measured by a two-choice question.

According to the results of the current study, the tendency of cesarean delivery among pregnant women is 59.3 which has an inverse relationship with the level of education and a direct relationship with a history of mental disorder. The mean and standard deviation of the total happiness score in this study was 43.57 ± 7.74. According to the obtained score, the level of happiness of women seems to be normal. Factors affecting happiness were age, history of mental disorder and education, while variables of abortion and job were not significantly associated with happiness in pregnant women. (P˂0.001)

According to the results of the present study and the level of desire for cesarean delivery in pregnant women, it is necessary for health managers to make efforts to increase the level of desire for natural delivery.

In recent years, the incidence of thyroid disorders including thyroid malignancies has increased rapidly. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological information of the patients’ undergoing thyroidectomy in Yasuj.

This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in patients undergone thyroidectomy in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Yasuj city, Iran. All eligible patients with thyroidectomy from 2014 to 2018 whose records were complete (136 cases) were selected by census method. All patients’ profiles were reviewed and data were gathered by a checklist including age, sex, place of residence, occupation, education, type of the salt consumed, family history of diseases, histories of iodine therapy and radiation exposure, type of surgical operation, and pathological reports. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, paired T, and ANOVA tests in SPSS 16 software.

The mean age of patients with colloidal goiter was significantly higher than the mean age of patients with papillary carcinoma (p=0.013). There was no statistically significant relationship between smoking and the pathological diagnosis (p=0.12). No statistically significant relationship was found between the family history of thyroid diseases and the pathological diagnosis (p=0.068).

Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most prevalent malignant tumor, and the protrusion of the anterior neck is the most common symptom.

Considering that mellitus diabetes has adverse effects on spermatogenesis and male fertility and given the easy and safe access to herbal medicines to treat diabetes complications, this study investigated the preventive and therapeutic effects of ziziphora clinopodioides lam on testicular damage in male rats.
In this experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats weighing 200 to 220 g were divided into four groups of eight. The control group, the group that became diabetic through intraperitoneal injection of 55 mg/kg streptozotocin, experimental group 1 (diabetic흍 mg/kg ziziphora clinopodioides lam by gavage) and experimental group 2 (diabetic 흍 mg/kg ziziphora clinopodioides lam by gavage) that became diabetic after two months, and received ziziphora clinopodioides lam extract by gavage for five weeks. Blood samples were collected at the beginning of the fifth week, and the testes were examined macroscopically (right testis) (length, volume, weight and diameter of testes) and histologically (left testis) (spermatogenesis count).
FINDINGS: In the diabetic group, there was a significant decrease in spermatogonial cells (58.22±6.11) compared with control (78.18±10.20) (p The results of the study showed that long-term administration of ziziphora clinopodioides lam is effective in the diameter and thickness of the spermatic ducts. Therefore, treatment with ziziphora clinopodioides lam can improve the spermatogenesis of diabetic men.