simin dehghani

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a sensory processing, social communication, and occupational performance disorder. Sensory diets can have positive effects on these fields. Current research compared the effectiveness of the sensory diet program with and without teleoccupational therapy on sensory processing patterns, social competency and occupational performance in children with ASD.

The study sample comprised 32 children with ASD 4-10 years old. They were placed in the control and intervention groups. The number of sessions for both groups was 20 30-minute sessions administered over 8 weeks. Through photos, videos, and explanations, sensory problems were described in both groups, the mother presented and implemented activities and environmental adaptations, and the therapist supervised the implementation. This study used three tools—sensory profile 2, social responsive scale 2 and Canadian occupational performance measure.

According to the sensory profile 2, social responsiveness scale, and Canadian occupational performance measure, processing in the areas of auditory, visual, touch, movement, body position, oral, conduct, social-emotional, attentional, sensory seeking, sensory avoiding, sensory sensitive, low registration, social awareness, social cognition, social communication, social motivation, limited interests, repetitive behaviors, and occupational performance in both groups have a significant difference (P<0.05).

It seems that providing a sensory diet program through teleoccupational therapy on sensory processing patterns, social competency, and occupational performance is applicable, as well as face-to-face occupational therapy in children with ASD.

Due to the limited access of clients in non-urban areas to rehabilitation and the difficulty of specialized counseling in such conditions, the need for telehealth services has increased. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Tele occupational therapy in common disorders of children and adolescents.  

In this systematic review study, a research method published from 2010 to 2022 focusing on the effectiveness of tele-rehabilitation and its impact on children and adolescents with different physical disabilities was done in Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and EMBASE databases. 467 articles were obtained in the review, and finally, 18 articles were reviewed. 

In children with CP, Tele occupational therapy will be effective on gross motor function and balance skills, but the impact on the executive function needs more studies. In children with ASD, it will be effective on behavioral problems, but the effect on pro-social behavior needs further studies. In children and adolescents with other movement disorders, it will have an impact on the progress of their physical activity and in children and adolescents with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), it will be effective, but the effectiveness of MitiiTM programs needs further studies.  

The findings of this study showed that tele-occupational therapy could be performed in line with face-to-face occupational therapy, and it can lead to the satisfaction of families, but there is still a need to assess the effectiveness of various interventions and tools on different disorders, outcomes and settings.

One of the most important consequences of Covid-19 is delirium, which is often overlooked or forgotten. Therefore, it is very important to consider early diagnosis, standard evaluation, and management of delirium symptoms, and it is necessary for the medical staff to be fully aware of its prevalence and proper management. Therefore, this review study was performed to investigate the prevalence of delirium and its consequences in the elderly with Covid-19. In this study, the prism method was used to review and report standard standard review studies. The present study included research published from 2019 to 2021 in the scientific database of PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, SID, Mgiran. After the initial search, 63 articles were obtained, and finally, by studying their abstracts, 14 articles that were in line with the research objectives were reviewed. Findings from these studies showed that approximately one-third to one-quarter of the elderly with Covid suffer from cognitive problems caused by delirium. Therefore, the training of more and more health care professionals active in the medical sector in the field of delirium prevention and management, as part of comprehensive medical-psychiatric care for the elderly is needed.