somayeh rezaee

One of the most important elements of Patrick Modiano's novels is the investigation of identity. A Trace of Malice begins and ends with distance from the identity. This article tends to find why the identity issu in the initial situation, which has led to some investigations in actions happened in the past, is different from the identity issu at the end of the novel. In order to answer this question, we use the narrative programs and the model of actors by Algirad Greimas. So, the text has been divided into three different structures : surface structure, functional structure and semiotics structure. In semiotics structure, we cut up the text into some sequences; each sequence is considered like a sample of whole text. It seems that what we can find in each sequence exists in whole text. At the end, we have presented the actantial model. As a result, we have found that one person appears at the same time in the role of the three main actants in the narrative: subject, sender and receiver. Three roles by one person might be the reason why the object loses its value for principal actant.

Since the beginning of history, mankind has been surprised and amazed when facing the world. In order to survive and continue his life, man has always been trying to transform the chaotic world into an orderly world Therefore, the first place where the myth appeared was the place where it was tried to transform the chaotic world into an orderly world. Here, there are two very important issues, i.e., the origin and function of mythology, which the following article tries to explain by addressing them. In this article, we seek to show that myths are closely related to power and their function is not only the interpretation of the human world Rather, the purpose of myths is to control and weaken a thought or a group and empower another group Based on this, in this article, we have examined the traces of the myth in a very famous Iranian novel. The name of this famous novel is "shohar ahoo Khanom".And according to this article's specific definition of the concept of myth, we have reviewed this novel.

Literature Review:

Many books and treatises have been written about the myth. Most of these researches have defined myths as a kind of neutral discourse We believe that myth is not a neutral discourse. Myth is a type of discourse that is related to power and power relations With this definition of the myth, we have examined the novel of "shohar Ahoo Khanom". Many researchers have considered this novel as a kind of feminist novel. But according to the new concept of myth, we have done another reading of this novel, which is different from the researchers' opinions.

This article has first extracted the concept of myth among the theories of great mythologists. In this section, important books and articles have been studied. And then by studying the novel "shohar e ahoo khanom", the position of creation myth has been traced in this novel. Then, with a kind of content analysis method, a new reading of this novel has been expressed according to a specific understanding of the myth. In this way The research was done with the qualitative content analysis method and based on library sources.

Most of the theories that have been proposed about myths have not considered the important aspect of this discourse. Based on this, it was shown in this article that the myth of creation is a discourse related to power. Therefore, if the myth of creation was used in the past as the primary form of law and norm, in the relations of the new world, despite the dominance of modern rationality and the marginalization of myth and myth, it has found a kind of ideological function. In this article, we have shown that the novel Shohar Ahoo khanom is a scene where the myth of creation has re-emerged with the same historical coordinates and with little changes. In fact, in this novel, although the characters have changed and its secular and earthly form has been noticed, but the theoretical foundations have not changed. In the sense that this myth also comes from a power This institution of power, according to the issues of the new world, is a patriarchal system that has been very old in human history. The creation myth of Adam and Eve has been recreated in the form of Seyedmiran and Homa Zandi in the novel and This time it has been used in order to restrain and weaken the progressive woman who threatens the patriarchal order.

Proverbs represent the beliefs, attitudes, culture, traditions, knowledge and attention of a nation to various issues, quoted in the form of popular cliché and metaphorical statements. On the one hand, such aphoristic sentences depict the nation’s beliefs, on the other hand, they potentially have a remarkable educational role. Proverbs cross people’s mind and are uttered in different situations. In fact, proverbs are mostly used to taunt people and to inform them, or to emphasize something. Since there is a great relationship between the level of attention paid to life-skills in a nation and their culture, it is possible to find out how much that nation considers life-skills by studying common proverbs there. The present study dealt with 400 common Lori’s proverbs of Kohkilouye and Boyerahmadi based on the level and manner of paying attention to the components of life-skills using a descriptive and analytical method. The results indicated that the constituents of communication-skills, critical-thinking and problem-solving had the highest frequency, and the components of creative-thinking and decision-making had the lowest one. Communication-skills were mostly informative, the components of other skills such as critical-thinking, problem-solving, and empathy were used more to taunt people. The constituents of the skill of managing negative emotions were used both for teaching and informing, and for taunting people.

The purpose of this research was exploring the components of life skills in selected children's books. Among the books published for children, some are selected as the best books that parents, educators, and those who somehow deal with children accept them. These books were examined and analyzed to see the number and way of dealing with life skills. Content analysis method was used for this study. The statistical population consisted of children’s books and the sample were top winners the most awarded selected by purposeful sampling. The researcher selected fiction works that had won more awards in their own field and analyzed them based on the quality and extent of components of life skills. The results showed that empathy skills, creative thinking, communication skills, and critical thinking are the most frequent components in these books. In most of the investigated stories, the characters who had life skills were the successful and the characters who lacked skills failed at the end of the story.

Every social human being must acquire the ten life skills to an acceptable extent. If these skills are properly learned from childhood, they can lead to adaptable behavior towards others and the world around in adulthood. These skills can be taught to and institutionalized I children by the use of children's books, especially fiction books, which are powerful tools in this regard. This study aims at investigating the quantity and quality of life skills incorporated in the most-read books of children. The researchers seek the answer to this question: to what extent are life skills incorporated in children's books and how each skill is presented in the story?

The purpose of the present article is to show that, under the 603/70 Enactment of the Supreme Administrative Council in 1999, the process of responding to homelessness has become judicialized, and to trace the causes and consequences of this judicialization. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used to achieve these goals. The Enac. and some cases of the clients of the two centers established under the Enac. have been analyzed; Also, the clients of one of the centers were interviewed and a questionnaire was completed. The staff of both centers were also interviewed. Findings explain the way in which the process of responding to homelessness, has been judicialized under the Enac. Almost all decisions depend on a special judge’s approval and decree. The roots of this judicialization, at first place, goes back to the Enac. It is centered around a criminalizing attitude to behaviors that are usually associated with homelessness, namely vagrancy and panhandling. The following judicialization of the process has resulted in that the centers to find a punitive and semi-jail identity rather than a supportive one, causing dissatisfaction of staff and clients, in the way that, the clients wish to be released from Therefore, it is necessary to formulate new laws and procedures in the aim of responding to homelessness effectively.

Literature and especially stories written for children, if written based on a correct understanding of childish personality and spirits and childhood psychology, can not only help meet some of the child's needs, but also strengthen children's ability to meet their needs. Have an effective role in this and help the parents and educators of the child.Since the needs of fictional characters shape and direct their behaviors and such story events occur and in fact the arousal of a need creates instability in the storyline, one can analyze fictional characters in children's stories and finally explain the aspect according to Glaser theory. The treatment and the effectiveness of the stories on the personality and improving the mental health of the child audience.In this study, in order to achieve this goal, selected fiction works (authorship and translation) (works that have won the most awards) in the period 1300-1390, based on the book of lasting leaves (about 145 stories), were selected. After selecting the works, fictional characters (main and secondary) were extracted in all stories; Then, the needs of the characters in the story were explained and what choices lead to the arousal of these needs and what effect the type of choice of the characters has on their destiny, and then a comparison was made between the five needs.

Children's literature is formed according to the needs of its audiences. The author writing for children, must know the characteristics, needs and interests of the audience. This information is achieved through studying about children, examining children's favorite books and surveying of children and those dealing with them. This study aims to investigate the most read children's books, surveying of children and their educators in order to find the characteristics of the desirable book from the children's viewpoint. Finally, a comparison is conducted between the views and features of the books. At first step, the most read works of the intellectual development center were extracted during 2006-2016 by field method and attendance at libraries of the center as well as the works were analyzed through content analysis method. In second step, two researcher-made questionnaires of 6-12 year-old children and a questionnaire for child educators were set up. After receiving the answers, a comparison was made between the views of children and their educators. It is concluded that, based on the answers in the children's questionnaire, children want to learn and enjoy their books while making a mental effort to understand the language of the books. In fact, improving the quality of children's books based on their needs and interests is one of the most important ways to promote book reading and make children interested in reading.

Romances and stories, and in particular children’s literature, have the significant potential to be utilized toward both education and treating some of the behavioral and personality disorders of children as well as to enhance some of their abilities. Children’s literature, especially the selected stories of this article, has a significant role in providing the basic needs of the child. This article examines fictional books, based on the idea of aroused need for recreation in William Glaser’s choice theory, to study how the characters of the stories act at the time of the arousal of this need. It also studies the type of effect their actions have on their fates. In fact, children’s stories, in addition to being a vehicle for their recreation and a reward for learning, can employ child psychology and an appropriate characterization to enhance their ability to make life choices.

This Article tries to assess the efficacy of the policies concerning homelessness in Iran. Alongwith analyzing laws, through a case study we have investigated documents and statistics of ahomeless shelter, and finally the profile of one homeless case to assess the effectiveness of thepolicies. Findings show that there are serious shortages in policies regarding homelessness.These few laws are not enacted correctly and they are not effective in reality and can’t helphomeless people to get out of homelessness circle. The laws have no principled conception ofhomelessness and have not conceptualized the steps of combating homelessness clearly. Also,the institutions and organization which must participate do not participate completely. So, theresults are poor and the homeless people remain in a vicious circle. Regarding the growingtrend of homelessness in Iran, to act effectively it is necessary to study different aspects ofhomelessness in Iran and to consider the successful experiences of other countries, and onthe bases of these considerations and investigations make comprehensive laws and policies inthe level of parliament in a way that steps and chains of action against homelessness, tasks ofdifferent institutions and sources for action clearly defined and can be monitored.

Swimming is an important exercise for the body and soul. Failure to comply with health standards can lead to health problems and the transmission of infectious diseases to swimmers. The aim of this study was to investigate the qualitative indicators of water in swimming pools in Shahinshahr, Iran, and compare them with the standards.
This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted in 2011-2012. From the 3 swimming pools in Shahinshahr, 288 water samples were collected during 4 months, once every 3 weeks. The parameters of residual chlorine, pH, turbidity, and temperature and microbial parameters such as heterotrophic bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, total coliform, and fecal coliform were evaluated.
Findings: The results of the study showed that residual chlorine, pH, turbidity, and temperature were desirable in 36.11%, 13.88%, 52.77%, and 22.22% of samples, respectively. In addition, the population of total coliform, fecal coliform, heterotrophic bacteria, and pseudomonas aeruginosa were in desirable ranges in 88.88%, 88.88%, 72.22%, and 86.11% of samples, respectively.
According to the results, the parameters of residual chlorine, temperature, and pH had the least compliance with the standards. This shows the necessity of continuous monitoring of physical and chemical parameters and disinfection of water in swimming pools.

Each writer when he wants to make a work have a person that he write only for him. In literary criticism this person named in the text addressed. After times this person become very important for critics as far as formed a theory that named in the text addressed. Following the other Theorists consideration to this approach; raised this theory in the children literature with his affect essay of iden chembers.
In fact reviewing and reading childish works with this approach can shows the level of success of a work.
Since ten childish books of morteza khosronejad by the name of ghese, bazi, shadi are one of the best works about stories of children, we want to analyzing them according to in the text addressed theory in order to show their childish level.
we want to analyzing them according to in the text addressed theory in order to show their childish level
With due attention to the studied done, it can say that tone, language, structure and mentioned elements in works and in general the style of stories announce the small child attendance in the text. After the style element, in order, point of view, partiality and finally spaces that seem to be important in children stories, having shares in involving children in the text.

Story characters are the representation of real people in the world and according to Characterization of the writer they are more believable than those information that people show about themselves.
Human needs make imbalances and they show their hidden Featurese of their personality in the special conditions. The stories are the representation of special conditions of human lives to. So we can investigate the story characters according to psychology theories and find more Believable responses.
One of these psychology theories is the theory of humanist psychologist Abraham Mazlow. The hierarchy of needs of Mazlow is the most important feature of his theory that we can define the human’s situation in his life with it.
This search investigates Ghorbanalies personality in the Dared dele Molla Ghorbanali of Hamalzadeh according of this theory.
After that we find his personality in the first stage of Mazlows hierarchy that is named Physiological needs.