yahya jafari

Recently, social health has become significantly important as one of the dimensions of overall health. Additionally,the issue of students› social health is a crucial concern that poses numerous challenges. This study aimed to assess the socialhealth status of students enrolled at Bam University of Medical Sciences and identify the factors that influence it.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2017, involving 260 students from Bam University of MedicalSciences. The participants were selected using the quota sampling method. The data collection tool was the Social HealthStandard Questionnaire developed by Keyes. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test,performed using SPSS version 22.

Among the students studied, women accounted for 67.7% of the participants. In terms of age distribution, 53.6% fellinto the 20- to 24-year-old age group. Regarding social health, 78.4% of the students exhibited an average level. The dimensionwith the highest social health score was social participation (15.21 ± 4.30), while the lowest score was recorded for socialprosperity (11.18 ± 3.10). Female students had slightly higher social health scores (76.51 ± 14.33) compared to male students(76.21 ± 14.33). The research findings indicated that the relationship between social health and variables such as gender, age,marital status, and educational level was not significant. However, significant relationships were observed with interest in thefield of study (P = 0.002), field of study (P = 0.048), and academic year (P = 0.008).

The study results emphasize the significance of implementing educational and health promotion interventions aimedat enhancing social health among students. It is hoped that these interventions will provide a foundation for improving the variousdimensions of social health and fostering the overall well-being of students

Analyzing the structure and morphological patterns of the urban network has a fundamental role in the understanding of the population distribution process and the communication and service patterns of the urban system in the regional area. Considering this importance, in this research, an attempt has been made to analyze the morphological structure of the urban network in Khuzestan province. Analytical indicators of the research are to identify the structure and morphological patterns of the distance of population nodes and the hierarchy of the communication network in the Khuzestan province. Net draw and Uci NET flow and network analysis software were used for data analysis. The results show that based on the distance index of population nodes in the province, the morphological pattern of the urban network is linear-circular, radial and network. Meanwhile, according to the intra-regional communication network index, the dominant pattern of the urban network is linear-circular, which forms a network pattern by increasing the functional range of the communication network. The results of the research show that the majority of the urban network in Khuzestan province is small and medium in size and in close distances they have a linear morphological pattern, and with the increase in the distance of geographical centers and the functional scope of the communication network due to the presence of several dominant cities such as Ahvaz and Dezful, A network pattern is formed around the axis of these cities in the morphology of the urban network of the province

Investigating the morphology of the urban network in a geographical space is done in the framework of achieving the goal of balancing the land use. As the center of concentration of population, capital, flow of goods, services, innovation, etc., cities play an important role in planning as an element of space balance in regional and national scales. The balanced organization of space is possible with the scientific understanding of urban network morphology because the organization of spatial forms is formed through urban communication at different spatial levels. The urban network of Khuzestan province has been formed on the basis of different environmental, economic and social diversity. The existence of various spaces has caused diversity in the function and role of cities (port, commercial, basic energy industry) of the province. In this regard, the dispersion of cities in the macro-geographical level along with the diversity in role and function has affected the urban morphology. In this research, by analyzing the morphological structure of the urban network of Khuzestan province based on the variables of the distance between the population nodes and the communication network, the relationship between the types of morphological patterns and the performance of the cities is discussed.

This research is practical and has been done with "descriptive-analytical" method. The data has been collected from library documents and data, providing at the provincial and national institutions. To draw and analyze the morphology of the Khuzestan urban network in two separate parts, the communication network index based on service-based relationships as well as the distance of population nodes (cities) in the spatial area of Khuzestan province has been used. To analyze the data and draw the morphology of the urban network of the province in two dimensions of the communication network and the distance of the nodes from three Gower functions; Closeness and Varimax have been used in UciNET and Net Draw software.

In the findings section, the morphological patterns of the urban network of the province were analyzed based on the distance of population nodes in three radii of 10, 30 and 50 km, based on which it was determined that the reason for the formation of the linear pattern is due to the small size of the cities. It is mostly seen in the central, western and southern parts of the province. In this pattern, the absence of dominant cities near small cities is influential, which is an important reason for the formation of a linear pattern in the near distance for the cities of Khuzestan province, which are mostly small in size. In the analysis of urban network morphology based on the distance between nodes, network and ring patterns have been formed when dominant cities such as Ahvaz and Dezful metropolises have played a role in the urban network structure and the morphological structure of the urban network of the province. In the formation of the linear-circular pattern, the main factor was the large distance between the cities of the province in the central, northern and southern and western-eastern parts.
In the analysis of urban network morphology based on intra-provincial communication network, three radii of 30, 50 and 80 km were considered and analyzed. In the analysis of urban network morphology based on intra-provincial communication network, three radii of 30, 50 and 80 km were considered and analyzed. Similar to the node distance index, in the communication hierarchy index, in close distances, most of the cities have found a linear pattern due to their small size, and their morphological ring is due to the existence of dominant cities such as Ahvaz, Dezful and Ramshir, which are nearby cities. To them, they obey them in communication interactions as communication nodes. As the distance increases, network polygons in all four corners of the province with dominant cities such as Ahvaz, Dezful, Abadan and Bandar Mahshahr and connecting cities such as Hamidiyeh, Shush, Shushtar, Andimshek and Suleiman Mosque and Behbahan form the morphology of the urban network of the province. They give a grid shape.

The results of this research using the mentioned two indices, i.e. the distance between population nodes and the intra-regional communication network pattern, showed that from the point of view of focal waste index or geographical nodes, based on the dominant patterns in the theoretical literature presented for urban network morphology, three dominant morphological patterns were obtained in the urban network of Khuzestan province, which were linear-circular, radial and network patterns. While from the point of view of the communication network pattern index, the dominant morphological pattern for the urban network of the province was linear-circular, which with increasing the functional radius of the communication network, a network pattern is formed in the morphology of the urban network of the province. Examining the existing approaches and the background of the research shows that the best model for evaluating successful urban morphology is a network model with strong and synergistic links of two-way and multi-way interactions between the urban network, and the weakest morphological models are linear and radial models or center around It is a sign of the hierarchy and centrality of the structure, communication and function of the cities of a region. In this regard, a finding of this research made it clear that multi-dimensional and multi-functional interaction is not dominant in the urban network of Khuzestan province, and strong nuclei such as Ahvaz and Dezful form a circular pattern to meet needs and demand, and a linear pattern is also the pattern that governs relations and The communication between the small cities of the province is in close and even medium distances, and this type of pattern itself shows the poverty of having a proper, complementary and decisive position for the cities of the province to take an interactive, service and communication role suitable for themselves and their sphere of influence. Considering the importance of studying the structure, function and morphological patterns of the urban network in regional development and its role in the analysis and development of approaches based on sustainable land use, the present study from a morphological point of view was able to, according to the available data, based on Indexes of node distance and communication network to analyze the urban network of Khuzestan province. In this regard, future studies can analyze the urban network of the province and the interactions and functions of the urban network by relying on more and more diverse indicators such as the role of physical structure and also the pattern of dominant activities in the regional area.

Knowledge management creates value for the organization by turning human capital into intellectual assets. Organizational culture affects knowledge management by influencing these assets. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between the components of organizational culture and knowledge management at Bam University of Medical Sciences. This descriptive-analytical study was conducted using a cross-sectional design in 2017 on 190 staff members of Bam University of Medical Sciences who were selected through stratified sampling. The data were collected using Probst’s Knowledge Management Questionnaire and Denison Organizational Culture Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using Pearson’s correlation test and linear regression analysis with SPSS-26 software. Most of the staff (81%) had a positive evaluation of the state of organizational culture. The highest and lowest mean scores for the components of organizational culture were related to consistency (2.88) and adaptability (2.67) and also knowledge identification (3.30) and knowledge use (2.53) as the components of knowledge management. The results showed a statistically significant relationship (P < 0.005) between organizational culture and knowledge management. The findings confirmed a significant relationship between organizational culture and knowledge management, indicating that the stronger the organizational culture, the more successful the implementation of knowledge management will be. Thus, to improve knowledge management and sharing in the organization, managers can focus on the organizational culture and improve its various dimensions.

Recognizing the function and pattern of urban network activity in regional areas to identify potentials and assets correctly leads to effectively guiding spatial planning for achieving creative competitiveness and spatial balance at the regional level. The current research attempts to analyze the spatial pattern of activity accumulation and distribution in the urban network of Khuzestan province using a practical and developmental approach, along with a descriptive-analytical method. Activity and employment statistics of 78 urban points in the province, based on data from the Iranian Statistics Center and the regional survey plan of Khuzestan province, have been cited.The results from spatial autocorrelation analysis and the z-score function, as well as the Repilli k function, show that activities related to the agricultural sector have a cluster distribution pattern in the urban network of the province. On the other hand, the activities of the industry and service sectors in the province follow a scattered pattern. Spatial analysis of the activities in the urban network of the province indicates that due to the proximity of cities to each other and the close employment statistics in each of the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors, the northern parts of the province and the southern part (specifically the ports of Imam and Bandar Mahshahr) show the most areas related to hot spots from an activity point of view. Meanwhile, the service function in the urban network of the province, despite having significant employees, exhibits the most cold spots and dispersion, especially in the central areas of the province.

Bushehr province has many capabilities and potentials in the field of environment and economy. In terms of development, it faces spatial imbalances and social challenges in relation to the unfair distribution of facilities and services along the border. The development of the province in the planning system can play a decisive role in the stability and sustainable security of the southern region of Iran. The purpose of the research is practical and its methodology is descriptive and analytical. First, the weight of the indicators is calculated by FUZZY method and then the provinces cities are prioritized by using VIKOR model. According to the analysis, Bushehr province is the most prosperous county of the province and the next rank includes Assaluyeh, Kangan and Jam counties. Dashtestan township has occupied the least prosperous level. Industry, as a sector of economic progress, has played the greatest role in determining the level of development of counties as well as creating imbalances. Overloading of industrial capacity in some township will cause pollution and destructive environmental effects and will provide major challenges and threats to the structure of the residential system. Imbalances will also have consequences such as unemployment, poverty, insecurity and instability in settlements. Planning in the framework of territorial spatial arrangement is considered necessary in creation of a balanced spatial structure of the region. One of the most important research suggestions is to use all the capacities of the province in order to balance, because the north of the province has a large capacity in the field of tourism, If from which exploitation will be done, it can play a significant role in improvement and the balance of the region.

Entrepreneurship and competitiveness are inevitable for the dynamism and dynamism of the space in the age of globalization. This issue  is very important in rural areas. Rural Entrepreneurship and competitiveness - Considering the importance of cities as the focal points of development and evolution of space in the era of globalization -are considered as an effective solution to prevent stagnation and spatial isolation of rural areas. This research is applied in terms of purpose and "descriptive-analytical" in terms of methodology. In this study, the drivers of entrepreneurship and the functions of rural competitiveness as drivers of space development in rural areas have been explained and recognized. The case study is Cheshmeh Saran rural area of Azadshahr county in Golestan province in Iran. The method of data gathering is survey and documentation. The data includes both quantitative and qualitative categories. The sample population in the qualitative part of the research was members of the Islamic Council of the villages and the manager of the villages of Cheshmeh Saran rural area. The analysis is done in two steps. First, entrepreneurial drivers are determined using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). In the second step, correspondence analysis is used to identify the competitiveness functions of rural areas. The results show that the drivers of rural entrepreneurship in Cheshmeh Saran are five economic drivers, entrepreneurship contex, infrastructure, social capital and knowledge. These five factors together explain 74% of the variance. At this stage, it was found that the drivers of entrepreneurship contex with a score of 0.88 has a prominent role in explaining entrepreneurship in rural areas of Cheshmeh Saran. Entrepreneurial history, the existence of actual demand, were the explanatory variables of these drivers. Infrastructure drivers were next with a score of 0.75, which was explained in terms of infrastructure facilities, market access and access to traffic routes. Economic drivers in rural entrepreneurship Cheshmeh Saran was the third driver, which is explained in terms of variables such as income, risk-taking, employment, variety of activities, tourism opportunities, access to scarce natural resources and access to technology. The drivers of social capital were the fourth drivers of entrepreneurship in rural areas of Cheshmeh Saran, which was explained by variables such as capital and social trust, and finally the drivers of knowledge-based rural entrepreneurship in Cheshmeh Saran with variables such as training courses and literacy level. The results of factor analysis showed that four villages of Farsian, Kashidar, Vamnan and Vatan are identified as villages with entrepreneurial capacities. Entrepreneurial fields and opportunities in these villages are different from each other. Competitive functions in rural areas of Cheshmeh Saran include saffron and medicinal plants, poultry, wood industry and tourism. Based on the results of the correspondence analysis, it was determined that the villages of Vamenan, Farsian and Sosra are competitive villages of Cheshmeh Saran rural area. In Vamnan, saffron and medicinal plants, mountain products are considered as a competitive advantage. Medicinal plants conversion industries have been formed in Vamenan. Farsians have an advantage in terms of road services, natural tourism and ecotourism, historical tourism. Sosara is highly competitive in terms of wood industry.  Finally, it should be said that due to the existence of entrepreneurs in the villages of Vamnan and Farsian, the capacity to promote competitiveness in these villages is more than the villages of Sousra and Vatan.

Balancing the Spatial structure and determining the future urban network are the fundamental missions of spatial planning. As the main organizing elements of space, cities are organized within the urban network form. Urban network is assessed based on the agreement between form and function dimensions. The effectiveness of various models can be investigated through an analysis of their relationships. Accordingly, the study at hand has been carried out to analyze the urban morphology in order to accord the morphological and functional dimensions of Hormozgan province urban network. The study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of methodology. The analytic indices of the study for Hormozgan province urban network morphology include road network, the distance between settlements, urban population, and types of services. The analytic instrument for the attainment of the purpose of the study is the Inward Distance Weighted (IDW) model within ARC GIS 10-4 software. The obtained results show that Hormozgan province urban network morphology follows four patterns, namely mono-centric, polycentric, linear and isolated. The location of these patterns in the province indicates the relationship between the location and the network morphology. As the large cities of the province are located near the sea, the mono-centric and polycentric patterns have been formed under the influence of the sea factor. However, the isolated and linear patterns are located in both the islands of the province and the mountainous areas or intermountain plateaus. Ultimately, the study shows that the lack of agreement between the form and the function weakens the connection and interaction of the interconnected areas. This lack of agreement reduces the fulfillment of the urban network’s use of neighboring opportunities and decreases the network effectiveness.

Facing doubts about the judge's competence after his appointment to the judiciary is an issue that can be described as a constant challenge for the judiciary in overseeing the performance of judges; Although some changes in the economic, political and social situation of the society can cause some fluctuations in the mood and as a result the character of a judge, but the seriousness of the judgment and also the worldly and otherworldly consequences of the judge's improper performance, the sensitivity of this important Has doubled. This study seeks to analyze the legal doubt in the jurisdiction of the judge with a documentary look at Imami jurisprudence and examine the challenges ahead to illuminate a faint light in this area, which despite its great importance in poor writings and documents.