macbeth

The present study aims to investigate the explanatory power of Fama and French three factor and five factor models in explaining a set of anomalies using Fama and Macbeth regression approaches. For this purpose, a sample of 136 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange was selected over the period from 2008 to 2023. Each anomaly variable was divided into five portfolios and after comparing the average excess returns of the stocks, the explanatory power of different portfolios in terms of number of anomalies is assessed. The overall findings indicate that there is a significant difference between the number of additional returns of stocks in different portfolios based on the investigated anomalies, which means the efficiency of the portfolio. The results of examining the impact of anomalies on the explanation of excess stock returns show that among the investigated anomalies, dividend yield, bankruptcy risk and stock return volatility have a significant impact on explaining excess returns in both three factor and five factor models. However, accruals have not had a significant effect. This result suggests that part of the stock returns can be explained significantly by these variables. In addition, a comparison of the explanatory power of excess stock returns between the three factor and five factor models of Fama and French reveals no significant difference between the two models in terms of capturing the examined anomalie.

Rupert Goold's adaptation of Macbeth (2010) is relatable to some of the dilemmas of the contemporary human beings. In this comparative study, the relationship between the concept of power, images and staging, such as closed and dark spaces, costumes, and scene designs are examined. The present paper draws on Linda Hutcheon’s theory of adaptation and the analysis of the cultural, social and historical context to explain the significance of the film's scene design and spaces. It examines the ways in which new methods are employed to present socio-historical elements in the context of the primary source of the adaptation using Robert Stam’s intertextual dialogism model which helps us to find the relation between images and concepts presented in the film. Goold has attempted to reflect the contemporary situation by using new visual techniques. The paper concludes that similar instances of the exercise of power still exist in the contemporary times. Goold's adaptation is an attempt to make the silenced voices of today’s victims of surveillance and control heard.

Macbeth’s desire for kingship and the throne, awakened by witches and thriving to tumultuous extremes through his wife’s words and actions, led to illusion, madness, and, eventually, loss. The Bard of Avon visualized the unlawful seizure of power two centuries before the political terminology of Coup d’état appeared in English texts in the 19th century. This paper is an attempt at investigating the nature and the elements of Coup d’état in Macbeth and appreciate the poetic prediction of this political concept through a contextual analysis of the main character’s tragic fate in the play. The alchemy of ambition and the thirst for power convert trust into treachery, fidelity into treason, and friendship into a feud, demolishing all hopes and horizons for the state in the fictitious and real-world alike. Shakespeare seems to be warning the prosperous Queen of the possible threat of infidelity by the long-trusted generals whose thoughts and heads were pregnant with evil ambition like that of Macbeth. Evil has coiled its way into him like a snake, running all through his being, leaving him no hope in life. Shakespeare portrays people in great power and healthy political relations, trust and loyalty in harmony with nature and their surroundings, but what yet resides inside is totally different. Backstabbing becomes very evident as the play moves on, but too late for King Duncan to prevent.

The world of Macbeth is a wasteland where temptation awaits those who are inclined towards it.  This drama is a tragedy of fear and trembling, butchery, violence, crime and above all annihilation.  Everything happens in a fast pace, yet swftness exists alongside slowness in order to emphasize the paradoxical structure of the play.  The main characters undergo changes in the course of the play and in different stages present variety of linguistic features.  Their world are pictured in terms of moral, political and religious ideas.  Ambition, bravery, fear, evil, injustice, isolation, and dispair are clearly illustrated.   The purpose of this article is to discuss and compare the main motifs such as Farr, two bodies of kings, the concept of time, order versus inorder, downfall of the heroic era, invincibility, absurdity, and supernatural forces  in Rostam and Esfandyar, the greatest epic tale in Shahnameh and in Macbeth.

The study of inequality in geographical areas is always one of the most important concerns of researchers in the field of urban and regional studies.The purpose of this paper is to investigate and determine the balance, conflict and imbalances in the counties of Khorasan Razavi province and rank them in terms of different developmental indicators. This is an applied research and methodologically, it is descriptive-analytical in which using MACBETH, MOORA and Arc GIS models spectroscopy and ranking are performed on a county scale. To determine the development pattern of balance and conflict, 39 variables were collected and analyzed in 6 categories of social-health, cultural-recreational, infrastructure, economic, natural and environmental hazards. The results show that Bakharz, Mashhad and Bajestan are ranked first to third respectively, while Sarakhs, Roshtkhar and Zaveh are ranked last, respectively, and there is a large gap in the extent of development between the first and last counties. As the spatial distribution of city balance levels indicates that Most of the balanced counties are located on the east and east and southeast boundaries of the province and this shows the regional imbalance. Also, most counties are only developed on natural or infrastructure indicators, And with the exception of a few counties of Bajestan, Gonabad and Neyshabur in other counties there is conflict in both parts.

Flood is a disaster that causes a lot of economic damages to farmlands, forests, gas and power transmission lines, roads, engineering structures and buildings. This study has attempted to analyze the role of hydrogeomorphic indices in flood sensitivity of Aland Chai Basin in the northwest of Iran. To achieve this aim, the study area was first divided into 15 sub-basins based on topographic and drainage characteristics using a digital elevation model (DEM) with 12.5m spatial resolution. Then, Hydrogeomorphic parameters of sub-basins have been studied from three aspects of drainage network characteristics (Such as Stream order, Streams number, Streams length, Stream frequency, Bifurcation ratio, Length of overland flow, Drainage density, Drainage texture, Texture ratio, Infiltration Number, Constant of channel maintenance, and Rho Coefficient), shape characteristics (Including Basin area, Compactness coefficient, Circulatory ratio, Elongation ratio, Form factor, and Shape Factor) and relief Properties (Relief, Relief ratio, Ruggedness number, and Gradient). Hydrogeomorphic analysis plays an important role in the analysis of hydrological behavior of the basins, especially in basins that lack information.

Aland Chai basin is located between 38, 30´ and 38, 48´ latitude and between 44, 15´ and 45, 01 longitude in the north of the West Azerbaijan province, Iran. This basin has an area of 1147.30 km2 and it is situated in the north-western part of Iran. Basin elevation variations are from 1093m in the Aland Chai River bed to 3638m above sea level in the Avrin Mountain. The main river of this basin is Aland Chai, which is one of the most important rivers of Khoy city. This basin is one of the sub basins of the Aras River basin, which surface water flows into the Aras River after joining the Qotour River. MACBETH Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Model was used to weight the parameters and the weighting of the parameters was performed in M- MACBETH software. Bana e Costa, Vansnick, and De Corte firstly proposed MACBETH method in 1990s. The MACBETH method (Measuring Attractiveness through a Categorical Based Evaluation Technique) is based on the additive value model and aims to support interactive learning about the evaluation problem and the elaboration of recommendations to prioritize and select options in individual or group decision making processes. It helps to rank the alternatives based on aggregated value of relative weighted attractiveness of alternatives under the decision criteria. MACBETH method uses 7‐semantic scale (No, very weak, weak, moderate, strong, very strong, and extreme), which is an ordinal scale.

In the first step, the information of each sub-basin was obtained based on 22 hydrogeomorphic parameters from three aspects of drainage network characteristics, shape characteristics and relief Properties in ArcGIS software. These parameters were prepared using the geomorphological laws of Horton, Schumm, and Strahler. In the next step, all necessary weights were calculated for factors and Sub-basins using MACBETH method. The weighting results showed that among the characteristics of the drainage network four parameters of drainage texture, texture ratio, drainage density and bifurcation ratio with coefficients of 16.96, 13.84, 13.49 and 12.46 percent and three parameters, area, compactness coefficient, and Circulatory ratio with coefficients of 29.63, 27.78 and 20.37 percent among the shape parameters respectively, and two parameters of relief and slope with coefficients of 43.75 and 31.25 percent among the relief Properties were the most important parameters. On the other hand, parameters of Rho Coefficient, Shape Factor, Constant of channel maintenance, and Infiltration Number with coefficients of 0.35, 1.85, 2.42, and 3.11 had the least weight.

Floods usually start abruptly and cause irreparable damage in a short period of time. In this study, an attempt was investigated to analyze the role of hydrogeomorphic indices in flood sensitivity of Aland Chai Basin. Based on the effective parameters, flood occurrence inside of Aland Chai basin could be separated into 5 distinguished classes, from very high to very low flood susceptibility. Sub-basins ranking in terms of flood risk sensitivity based on final weights obtained from MACBETH method showed that sub-basins 1, 2, and 3 have the highest ranking and have very high sensitivity to flooding. These sub-basins comprise 286.67 km2 (24.98%) of basin area. Sub-basins 4, 9, 11, and 15 are also highly susceptible to flooding. Also sub-basins 6 and 13 have very low susceptibility toward flood occurrence. In total, about 45% of the study area has high flood sensitivity. Therefore, according to the results of the study, it is necessary to take protective measures such as watershed planning and dam construction in the sub-basins that are highly sensitive to prevent flooding or reduce potential damages in case of flooding.

Ferdowsi and Shakespeare in their works deal with didactic teachings. Both poets mirror nature and consider human happiness depending on respect for the moral virtues, and strive to strengthen the teaching and ethos of moral points. Shakespeare has used every opportunity to express the teachings of education. In all its tragedies he has used elements of education. Shakespeare’s human outlook towards ethical issues is clear. Some of these teachings are expressed through the plots and characters on different occasions. This paper studies the result of moral values and its educational functions. The most important doctrine of education in the Ferdowsy and Shakespeare is condemnation of avarice and ambitions. Macbeth is a Scottish captain who kills the king in order to usurp the throne. Shakespeare shows the result of greed is the destruction of soul and its good qualities. In the end, the victory is with the good in the duality of good and evil. Both deal with two commanders who rebel against kings and bring about their own fall. Both are told by supernatural forces that they are destined to rule. their difference is that Bahram is a good commander while Macbeth turns evil.

Metaphor and simile are two figures of speech widely used by Shakespeare in his great tragedy, Macbeth. In this corpus-based descriptive comparative study, three Persian renderings of Macbeth by Shadman, Pasargadi, and Ashouri were examined. Newmark’s procedures (Newmark, Approaches 88) for translating metaphors and Pierini’s strategies (Pierini 31) for similes were employed as the frameworks of the study. Analyzing 260 randomly selected metaphors and 66 similes based on Morgan’s table of sample size, the researcher concluded that the most frequently used strategies for translating metaphors in the translations were “reproducing the same image” (Newmark’s most preferable strategy), “conversion to sense”, and “replacing the image”, which were mostly observed in Shadman, Pasargadi, and Ashouri’s renderings respectively. Pierini’s suggested strategy, “retention of the same vehicle”, has been mostly applied by Shadman. Chi-square statistical procedure indicated that the difference between the three translators’ applied strategies was not significant for the metaphors and similes.

The present article deals with two works from two different languages and two different historical eras that has the same theme of "facing evil". A structural analysis of the linguistic and literary similarities and differences shows a common structural narrative. From the point of view of semiology there are so many common features. Following that a hermeneutic point of view is used for the interpretation of the two texts. The main point in this article is having a different view toward comparative literature through force of time in which the repetition in time is more important than the differences between the two cultures. This repetition in time is one of the ceaseless concerns of human beings which produce different interpretations by human beings. In the present article the two works of art and their worlds are compared with each other. The last part deals with an eternal view toward the time period in which these two works of art were created.

The story of “Rostam&Esfandiar” is one of the most beautiful and attractive stories of “Shahnameh” by Firdausi. “Macbeth” is also a famous play by Shakespeare. These two literary works share some certain similarities. The present article is an attempt to study these similarities in the stories of “Rostam&Esfandiar” by Firdausi and “Macbeth” by Shakespeare taking into consideration the sequence of events, narration and characters.