حمزه (ع)

One of the important and influential personalities of the beginning of Islam who played a great role in supporting the Holy Prophet (PBUH) was Hazrat Hamza bin Abdulmutallab. After years of struggle and effort to defend Islam and Muslims, he was finally martyred in the battle of Uhud and his absence left a deep scar in the heart of the Prophet (PBUH). The present study examines the reflection of the "mutilation" of Hazrat Hamza (AS) in history. The manner of Hind, Utbah's daughter and Abu Sufyan's wife conducted with his lifeless body in the battle of Uhud. The question that this article seeks to provide an answer using descriptive and historical analysis method is: How has been the reflection of Hazrat Hamza in history? The findings of this study show that the act of mutilation provoked strong reactions from the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and his companions; To the extent that he called Hind "Akla al-Akbad" (liver-eater) because of committing this ugly act, and later this title became her famous name in history. Throughout history, this heinous act has had two different reflections on the descendants of Hind (some of the Umayyad’s rulers) and other Muslims. Mu'awiyah and Yazid modeled the behavior of Hind and promoted it as a culture. But other Muslims denounced Hind’s criminal behavior and quoted it as a black mark and a shameful act in the life of her and her dynasty and recorded it in history.

The enmity of the Umayyads with Hamza (AS), both in the period before and after their rule, had various causes and factors. In the pre-government era, the main reason for this enmity was due to two issues. The first issue was the historical rivalries and enmities between the Umayyads and the Hashemites, and this issue also affected the relations between the Umayyads and Hamza (AS). The second issue is their resentment towards the dear uncle of the Prophet (PBUH), which is manifested in the type of his martyrdom and the manner of dealing with his body. In the post-government period, the main reason for their enmity with Hamza (AS) was his effective role in supporting the Prophet (PBUH) and the religion of Islam. Manifestations of this enmity can be seen in the propaganda against him by fabricating hadiths and the attitude of Abu Sufyan and his son Mu'awiyah in dealing with the tomb of Hamza (AS). The result of this research is that the Umayyads, due to the role and position of Hamza (AS), were hostile to him in order to beat the most beloved person of the Prophet and the Ahl al-Bayt. That is why in the words of Ahl al-Bayt, pride is seen in Hamza (AS). In terms of method, the data processing method in this research is descriptive-analytical and content analysis as well.

One of the ways of divine help to his prophets is through outstanding companions within the same community and nation which that prophet was raised. In the case of the Holy Prophet of Islam, the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) there were also a number of his relatives and friends who played a prominent role in supporting that Prophet in conveying his mission and establishing Islam. Among these prominent people, we can mention Hamza Sayyid al-Shuhada, the dear uncle of the Messenger of God. This outstanding character, especially after converting to Islam, played an effective role in defending the Holy Prophet and establishing and spreading Islam. Considering the social position and prestige as well as the personal characteristics and abilities of Hazrat Hamza (PBUH), his role in political and social aspects, especially in the field of jihad and military defense of the Prophet and Muslims is very prominent. This article seeks to take a brief look at this matter and explore a part of it.