دهخدا

The column "Cherandprand" in the third issue of "Sourasrafil" magazine is about a scholar who, on the one hand, was rumored to have his leg amputated, and on the other hand, received money from some constitutional opponents, but this name was removed from that column. This research is based on the question why a name has been audited in the text of "Cherandparand"? Who is the owner of that name and why has his ananame been withheld, and most importantly, what historical points does the removal of this name reveal from that turbulent era. This research, is based on the method of content analysis on the texts of "Cherandparand" and its analysis based on other texts and documents of that time, investigates the hypothesis that this name that was deleted is the name of Sheikh Fazlullah Nouri, and this deletion can be based on the process of constitutional distancing. The petitioner and Sheikh analyzed. Based on the findings of this research, it can be said that the hypothesis of the research is correct. The comparison of this text with other texts of "Cherandparand" which is about the sheikh shows that until he joined the sit-in of the constitutional opponents in Abdul Azim's shrine, despite the differences, the constitutionalists still respected the sheikh and on the other hand the sheikh had a tendency to stay at home. to avoid further confrontation with the constitutionalists, but the events take place in such a way that he is forced to appear in the community and officially and publicly oppose the constitution, and after that, nothing of his respect and credibility remains with the constitutionalists; A situation that eventually turns into a deep-rooted enmity, which is the prelude to the Sheikh's execution.

Ali Akbar Dehkhoda presented two different views - radical and moderate- in relation to the issue of land ownership in different issues of Sur-e Israfil newspaper. The main issue of the present study is to explain the dual reading of Dehkhoda from the category of land ownership. Dehkhoda in his early writings took a radical and socialist look Provides coverage of human and Islamic rights in relation to land ownership and speaks of the unconditional transfer of land to the subjects and considers its coercive realization through the reform project or, if necessary, through the possibility of a peasant revolution. However, in the following posts, take a modified look and, by accepting the property rights of the owners, He offered to transfer the property to the subjects in exchange for paying their price through the bank. The present study, based on Skinner's intentional hermeneutics, reveals the findings and points in response to the above problem. Characteristics of the dominant linguistic-discourse and intellectual-social space, including: Intensification of political tensions and alignment of proponents and opponents of the constitution, Discourse disputes between legitimacy and constitutionalism, Discourse disputes between legitimacy and constitutionalism, Attack on the office of the newspaper Sur-e Israfil and a delay of more than a month in its publication, Along with the approval of the Impressions Law and the establishment of a peace committee(In the presence of Jahangir Khan, the director of Sur-e Israfil) and request to stay away from extremism, Caused Dehkhoda to respond in this way.

Dehkhoda is one of Iran's most influential literary political elites in the constitutional era. He has dealt with the most important political issues of Iran's constitution in the course of many years, with a powerful pen and a penetrating view. Among the literate and the cultural, at least, there was at least one person who was as knowledgeable as the Dehkhoda who knew the status quo in both thought and action. Understanding his important political ideas, beyond his literary and cultural personality, plays an important role in the proper understanding of constitutionalism. He was a full-fledged "progressive" who had a national and Iranian view of the important feature of his valuable vocabulary. On the basis of this rise, he regarded constitutionalism as a positive, legal, libertarian political system, and in the negative sense defined it as an antithesis of "despotism". Dehkhoda must be regarded as a continuation of the early intellectuals of the Qajar era, who go beyond them and move towards a different understanding and understanding. This article seeks to explain Dehkhoda's understanding of constitutionalism, given her place in modern Iranian intellectual history.