صنعت نفت

In relation to the background of the research, you can refer to the book "Artificial environment and the formation of the industrial working class", which examines the situation of Abadan workers between the two world wars, "Arayed, an approach to the history of Farudestan (examining the documents of Arayed of the National Assembly)" by Siavash Shohani and... pointed out.

The purpose of the research is to, in line with the research of others about industrial workers, labor unions and their role and influence in political and economic events, about the problems, demands and hidden awareness in the demands of oil industry workers, from the angle of petitions that are a place to express demands. It is a worker, an independent investigation should be done;

The method of the present research is library and documental in terms of its historical nature, and the necessary information has been collected through the review of relevant sources, documents and documents, with a historical and documentary approach. The limits and focal point of spatial, temporal and thematic research, Iran during the second Pahlavi period, from Shahrivar 1320 sh. until the coup d'etat of August 28, 1332 sh.

From the petitions of oil industry workers, it is clear that their expected welfare components include things such as basic promotion including employment, housing, insurance, salary increase and other welfare facilities.The amenities provided by Iran and England Oil Company were either not available to all groups of workers or were not paid equally.Despite suffering repression and losing many of their facilities, the workers did not give in to the oppression of their employers and reached agreements with the company that improved their conditions. They tried to achieve these demands by joining labor unions and strikes, and in cases such as the approval of the labor law in 1325 sh. They were successful in this field, but in the end they could not bring about a fundamental change in labor relations.The weakness of labor organizations, the central government's lack of support for workers, and the misuse of workers by parties were the most important factors in their all-round failure.

According to the survey of complaints, housing, wage increase, health and insurance were among the most important welfare indicators of oil industry workers. The workers were trying to get a part of their rights through various forms of protest, but due to the weakness of the labor organizations, the central government's lack of support for the workers, and the misuse of the workers by the parties, they could not bring about a fundamental change in the labor relations.It is worth mentioning that the study of Subalterns situation by examining documents and documents in all historical periods and especially in contemporary history is one of the original research cases that can be investigated by researchers and leads to the explanation of the policies of the government and the oil industry and the reactions of the workers. Therefore, with social and document-oriented historiography, it is possible to understand the degree of correspondence of historical data transmitted from political history with the narrative of documents.

With the global economic crisis of 1929, every country took a way out of this crisis. The government of Iran, which had started many infrastructural development programs years ago, witnessed a decrease in oil income and unemployment of workers at the same time as economic stagnation and a reduction in export and import income. Economic changes and reforms such as foreign trade monopoly, increasing taxes, reducing wages, etc. were an attempt to escape the crisis. One of these solutions was trying to amend the oil contract that was signed in 1306. It was in the government plans. What has been neglected in most historical research and historiography of the 1933/1312 contract is the connection and impact of world events, especially the effect of the crisis known as the Great Depression of 1929 on the quality and manner of concluding the contract. This research, using the method of historical analysis and relying on documents, newspapers and publications, has tried to investigate the impact of the world crisis of 1929 on the conclusion of the oil contract of 1312/1933 and shed light on the final achievements of the contract and its benefits for the workers of the oil industry. The research findings show that due to the pressure of the economic crisis and the shaky and unstable world economy, Reza Shah's government failed to complete the plan to change and amend the oil contract as expected. Under the influence of the problems of the global crisis on the country's domestic and foreign economy, he was forced to conclude a contract that many believed was a continuation of the Darcy contract. Although it was more beneficial for the workers of the oil industry than for the country's economy.

Khark is one of the big islands in the middle of the Persian Gulf, where the limited inhabitants of this island lived by fishing, small farming and providing services to passing ships. And its population has always been a function of this important variable. In this regard, the establishment of the Dutch and the English for trade and the pursuit of political goals in the era after geographical discoveries on this island shows the decisive position of Khark. In addition, in some historical periods, this island has also served as an exile and a prison, and the exile of leftist prisoners there is the last reminder of the past functions of this island. However, the current Khark has found a different identity that is dependent on oil. The current research seeks to find the effects of the oil industry on the new identity of this island. The results of the research, obtained through document and library studies, show that the decision of the oil consortium, the contracting party with the National Iranian Oil Company, to export Iranian oil from Khark, has given a new identity to the island. The industrialization of Khark is an important variable in changing the status of Khark Island from the old conditions to the current conditions and has affected the position of this island in the region and the world.

One of the most important challenges and debates raised in the works and documents of Iran's post-constitutional elites has been the discussion about American economic developments, especially in oil industry. After the initial discovery of oil in Iran during the period of Muzafar al-Din Shah Qajar, we witnessed the emergence of Political elites who gradually wanted to rely on the American model (as a third force) if progress in this field and  to use these methods and appriaches for the development of iran. This  present article is written with a historical approach and based on the interpretation of press texts and unpublished documents, tries to clarify how progressives and media groups managed to convince government officials to take advantage of in the oil industry as a model. Documents and debates  show that Iranians,  following the constitutional revolution the writtings of  the modernists became aware of the prosperity and flourishing of American oil industry and its impact of  the country's economy, thes awarness, in turn caused the scientific and political elites to  realise more  than ever  the ignorance of Iranians in the field  of oil industry and the chaotic situation of  management their underground resources.  In thid way, while adopting  comparative approaches about achievements of America and Iran  began criticized and writing critical texts to influence the Iranian polititians and statemen.  the statemen of iran were affected by the atmosphere of modernist writings and sought to  obtain information and understand the importance of this issue, so  that with the help of their diplomats in America, they took practical steps to emulate and bring  Americans achievements to Iran.

With the discovery of oil in the Naftun field in 1908/1287, the migration of labor from abroad and inside to the oil-rich area of ​​Masjid Suleiman was provided. The Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, which was in charge of Iran's oil industry, set up temporary shelters in the form of labor complexes to house the workforce. The directors of this company, after confirming the volume of oil reserves in the region, hired designers and architects who had experience in building houses in England and India, and started building corporate houses for British senior managers, employees and workers, which resulted in row or lane bungalows and houses. With the construction of these houses, the western architecture model became popular in the houses of Masjid Suleiman Oil Company. The upcoming research, by combining the descriptive-analytical method and using library sources and new documents and research, seeks to find an answer to this question, what role did the oil industry play in the design and architecture of residential houses of the oil company? The findings of the research indicate that Masjid Sulaiman City Company owes its existence, formation and development to the discovery of oil and the construction and urban planning measures of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company. The designers and architects of British and Iranian Oil Company, considering the climate and combining traditional and western architecture, created an eclectic style that is unique in the history of contemporary Iranian architecture. They used this style of architecture in the construction of corporate houses in Masjid Suleiman. In this research, an attempt has been made to investigate the design and architecture of Masjid Suleiman Oil Company's houses from the beginning to the nationalization of the oil industry.

The economic growth in the South Caucasus led to the emergence of new industries such as oil, cement, mining, construction, textile, etc. A significant manifestation of this development was the extraction and industrial exploitation of Baku oil wells on a large scale. These new industries created a greater need for labor in the Caucasus region, which the local workforce could not meet. However, seasonal unemployment in the agricultural society of Iran, particularly Azerbaijan, and the proximity of this state to the Caucasus, provided new job opportunities for farmers and workers in the Caucasus.This study aims to answer the question of what life was like for Iranian workers in the Caucasus and how comfortable they were. Based on statistics and information obtained from archival documents of Russia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, this article concludes that Iranian workers played a critical role in the agriculture, oil, and communication industries of the Caucasus during this period. However, they earned very little income and lived in a deplorable state of well-being. Most of these workers were uneducated and unmarried, and due to the exhausting nature of their work, the rate of illness and death among them was very high.

This paper use from Historical Research Method Based on Archival Documents to analyze the population effects of the petroleum industry in Khark Island during the years 1957-1977. On the one hand, by showing the link between the oil industry and population growth, the implications for it have been analyzed. According to the findings, the advances made by the oil industry and industrial development in Khark Island, had controversial consequences. On the one hand, by creating job opportunities, sustaining income and developing infrastructure, it created vast potential for population growth on the island, and on the other hand, it has had many social consequences and disrupted Service and influence in the process of growth and development at the local and national levels in the short and long term. As a result, the government and authorities were forced to present and implement informed policies and strategies to solve demographic problems in the region.

The impact of the emersion of oil to South Oil: A Case Study of Gachsaran( 79- 1953 / 57- 1332)gachsaran one of the largest oil fields in south-western Iran. The next area of Masjed Soleiman and Haftkel in 1307/1928 with the discovery of oil in the country's third largest oil field. Start commercial exploitation of the oil field in 1319/1940, and links to the oil industry, the region turned to the oil town. The study and explain the impact of economic and social development of the gachsaran procedure is the oil industry. gachsaran looks with the development of the oil industry in the years 1335/1956 onwards, various changes in the social and economic dimensions in the region is created. This descriptive study and analysis of statistical data shows that oil discovery and the formation of clear impact on economic and social changes in gachsaran , such as the development of infrastructure, changing demographics, the rise of a new class, the transformation of living and immigration status have .With the development of the oil industry during this period of social change, economic results, the gachsaran one of the most important and influential cities in the northern Persian Gulf and the southern oil region has become.