جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « عباس میرزا » در نشریات گروه « تاریخ »

Throughout history, humans have used different defensive tools and methods to provide security and deal with natural and man-made hazards and disasters, according to the requirements of time and place. The construction of castles as an important part of defense and military fortifications has been one of these methods. In the history of Iran and different eras, including the Qajar era, according to the climatic and strategic conditions of different regions of Iran, for defense and military measures, the construction of defense fortifications and forts with a new approach based on Western thought and benefiting from the experiences of Western advisers. The region of Azerbaijan during the reign of Abbas Mirza is one of these regions. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the factors affecting the structural changes in the defense fortifications of Azerbaijan and the security role of the forts in this region, seeks to investigate and answer the question of what was the impact of external factors on the structure and security and military role of Azerbaijani fortifications? The research method is based on a theoretical and qualitative approach and in a historical-interpretive format in which, while introducing and expressing the effective factors in the structure of Azerbaijan's defense fortifications, five important and strategic fortresses in this region during the viceroy's period have been studied. The findings of the study indicate that geopolitical factors, the Iran-Russia war, the presence of foreign advisers and experts, Iranian students and intellectuals, and the presence of Abbas Mirza in Azerbaijan, play an important role in the structure of castles in the region and its security against foreign invasion.

Abbas Mirza’s efforts to organize the army led him to record military –style paintings, like the West military reports. Military-themed paintings already existed in various historical periods, such as the Safavid era. The important point in these paintings is the obvious difference in terms of the military aspect. It seems, among the painters of Abbas Mirza’s court, there is only about Allah-Verdi Afshar historical information on hand. He belonged to an artistic family from the Afshar tribe of Urmia. This article introduces a number of the painter’s works, which are preserved abroad including a damaged painting that has remained unknown for more than a hundred years. And also it intends to show that the political and diplomatic concepts of these works are more apparent than their artistic characteristic.

By choosing Abbas Mirza as Crown Prince, Fath Ali Shah aroused the rivalry and opposition of other princes, especially Mohammad Ali Mirza. By enforcing the policy of appointing his sons to the government of the states and provinces, while establishing order and security throughout the forbidden countries of Iran, he intensified the competitive atmosphere between the princes of the Qajar ruler. Meanwhile, Mohammad Ali Mirza in 1221 AH. AH / 1806 AD was appointed to the government of Kermanshah and western regions of Iran. This research has been done by descriptive-analytical method and using library resources and seeks to answer the question that what security-disciplinary measures did Mohammad Ali Mirza take in western Iran? The findings show that Mohammad Ali Mirza stabilized his position with several security-disciplinary measures and competed with Abbas Mirza. With military reforms in the army, stabilization of Iran's borders against the Ottomans, control of tribes and nomads and the use of their military power to suppress the opposition and establish security in the region under his control, he became one of the most powerful princes and rivals. Jedi turned Abbas Mirza into a monarch.

By applying the policy of appointing his children to states and provincial governments, while expanding his dynasty power throughout Iranian lands, Fath-Ali Shah Qajar created an intense competitive atmosphere among the Qajar ruling princes. The competitions among the three powerful and power-seeking princes of Fath Ali Shah (born in 1203 AH / 1789 AD), i.e. Mohammad Ali Mirza, Abbas Mirza, and Hossein Ali Mirza - were more pronounced. Hossein Ali Mirza was appointed as the governor of Fars and southern regions of Iran under the name of Farmanfarma, ruling in the area until the kingdom of Mohammad Shah. His establishment in Fars led him to be influenced by the ancient kings and Muslim rulers of Fars. During this affectedness of Shiraz court, he took the royal glamorousness and grandeur, and the princes ruling Fars thought of ruling the whole Iranian lands. Until the second period of the Russo-Persian War, Hossein Ali Mirza had always obeyed the central government and demonstrated this citizenship by constantly sending taxes to Tehran. But since then, when the authority of the Shah and Abbas Mirza, the Crown Prince, collapsed, his centrifugal policies increased. He disobeyed the central government by expulsion of Nouri family which was affiliated to the Tehran court, and not paying taxes regularly. After the death of Abbasmirza, Hossein Ali Mirza rose to the position of crown prince against Mohammad Mirza and intensified the competition after the death of Fath Ali Shah, declaring himself the official king of Iran in Shiraz. In spite of the support of the Russian and British governments over the reign of Mohammad Shah and the internal disputes of Fars, Hossein Ali Mirza was defeated by his crowned nephew, Mohammad Shah and surrendered. Via a descriptive-analytical approach, the present study aims to present Hussein Ali Mirza's political-military achievements in Fars to examine his position and role in the early Qajar succession competitions.

Rusians’ greeds in Caucasus and encroaching upon it and its confrontation with Qajar Iranian elites’ policy to revive Iran’s historical frontiers in the area‚ caused starting Iran - Rusia’s wars first period.Iranian rulers being ill – informed of international policy‚ military infirmity and the English interference‚ led to Goledtan Agreement and separation a larg part of Iranian - Shiite’s areas from Iran territory. But Qajar Govermment‚ specially dignitaries and Abbasmirza in Tabriz Court considered themselves the loser and beign deceived in Golestan Agreement‚ started their diplomatic efforts to take missed lands back. Diplomatic defeat in the way‚ caused Qajars turn to military endeavours by backing of the clerics’ crusading (jihadi) idea‚ to take the lost areas back.In this article‚ we‚ in an analytical – historical method, try to explanate the causes and reasons of starting Iran - Rusia’s second period wars in 1241 A.H. The wars started‚ because the Qajars‚ specially Abbasmirza‚ tried to take missed‚ areas on the basis of Golestan Agreement‚ back. Therefore‚ fath – ali Shah and Abbasmirza tried to ontain the Iranian elites’ and common people’s fiscal – military supporting‚ by inviting the clergy to Iran and receiving them a crusade religious edict (fatwa) and their direct interfering in the wars and by their commanding give legitimacy to the wars against Rusians.