contemporary history of iran

The Supreme Council of Education (and later Culture), which was established after the Constitutional Revolution in 1301 AH, was considered a legislative and effective institution in the country's education system. This institution has been active in various dimensions, including the teaching of social sciences, including history, being one of the areas it has paid attention to. However, scientific research has not yet focused on this issue, and in this regard, the aim of the present study is to discover the process of compiling and completing history education in the Supreme Council of Education from 1301 AH to 1317 AH and the Supreme Council of Culture from 1317 AH to 1320 AH, coinciding with the fall of Reza Shah. The originality of this research was based on the minutes of the Supreme Council of Education. The results of the study showed that the Qajar period can be called the period of "foundation" of history education; But the teaching of history in the Iranian educational system, especially in different periods, especially during the reign of Reza Shah, has been accompanied by a nationalistic approach and a diversity of curriculum content and has undergone a process of "evolution". This teaching of history includes different aspects of the history of Iran, the world and Europe and explains different cultures and civilizations. In this period, the Council introduces history teaching in different fields (primary, secondary and higher education).

This article, focusing on the actions of a right-wing group in contemporary Iran, namely the Rashidian family, seeks to analyze their political performance with the aim of explaining their conservative nature in the field of domestic politics. Therefore, the research was developed around the following question: What is the level and extent of the Rashidian conservatism in the field of domestic politics and based on what actions can it be evaluated?In this regard, using library resources based on collecting data from documents, press, and historical books, and the analytical research method based on the theory of social stratification with an emphasis on the policy of the comprador bourgeoisie in the field of domestic politics, the authors of these lines found that the Rashidian family, attempted to adopt approaches in the political sphere that naturally led them towards extreme and extreme conservatism. Actions such as interacting with parts of the marginalized and urban thugs who were traditionally conservative and opposed to reforms in the political arena, collaborating with right-wing political figures and groups, who not only had a reactionary nature in the political sphere, and on the other hand, confronting nationalist figures such as Mosaddeq, trying to keep the main core of power, the Shah, away from the arrowhead of society's criticism, fighting the Tudeh Party who wanted radical changes, and even seriously challenging the technocratic reformists, all indicated the extremely right-wing and conservative nature of the Rashidians and their gang in the field of domestic politics.

The prevalence of contagious illnesses, the insufficiency of sanitary facilities as well as the increase of mortality in Iran particularly in Khalij e- Fars region were regarded as the main concerns of the country in the end of Qajar and Pahlavi era. In this very period, the political and economic competitions between the European countries in this region led to the development of new challenges in the domain of politics and sanitation and its consequences were represented in Bushehr city. England with more active role in Khalij e- Fars, took step towards the establishment of quarantine stations in borderline areas including Khalij e- Fars in order to improve the sanitation and fight with the illnesses. The focal point of this writing is the investigation of the challenge between the politics and sanitation in the quarantine of Khalij e- Fars and its consequences in Bushehr from the end of Qajar to the fall of Reza shah by taking advantage of the descriptive- analytical approach, the reports of sanitation, the official documents, the newspapers, in addition to the other sources. The findings of research indicate the competition between European physicians particularly the England ones in Iran related to fighting with diseases led to the improvement of public sanitation in Bushehr. However, the challenge in the domains of politics and sanitation changed the sanitary issue into the political one and consequently, the interference of the European faced with the resistance of people and this challenge was developed by the independency of the quarantine organization of the South

The United States saw the Islamic Republic of Iran as the biggest obstacle to maintaining its hegemony in the Middle East and Southwest Asia. The United States, with the management of its spy and intelligence organization called the CIA, and with the help of military and dictatorial opponents inside Iran, intended to overthrow the Islamic Republic with a military coup. This research answers the question of what was the strategy and action of the CIA in the Masked coup? Finds evidence that the formation of this coup originated from the active presence of the CIA, and the organization, based on the experience of previous coups in different parts of the world, opposed this military plan. Iran has managed and is still using various tools to overthrow the Islamic Republic, which has an Islamic ideology and civilization.

Document is the raw material of historical event's report.Sometimes we use documents as a makeup instrument for our texts and sometime we use documents with a prior theory.If we define document as a multifunctional raw material, its especial function will to play the role of mediator for quality mutation from descriptive writing to explanation of historical events.In the process of event's survey, it is better to present a testimonial and comprehensive explanation of event than to present a descriptive explanation. This approach will be applied by new research methods.In the understanding process of historical events, documents would not be useful by themselves. But research auxiliary elements will force the documents to reveal their inside.Documents have equal value in the descriptive explanation of historical events; but in theoretical explanation of history, some documents lose their value and some documents get more importance. Author is trying to propose a model for historical research based on documents. To achieve this goal author will try to use some documents from Qajar period as samples. It seems this approach will pave the way of acceding to the field of inward survey of history of changes in contemporary Iran.