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The study of the narrative of modernization in preeminent Persian novels is an interdisciplinary research linking communication sciences and fiction. In this research, a preeminent novel has been considered as an alternative medium which can display the current conditions of society in any period by recounting certain narratives. What is investigated in this study is the reflection of the modernization discourse as observed in the preeminent novels of the five decades (1960-2001). More specifically, this research seeks to demonstrate the functions of the novel as a medium in reflecting the concepts of modernization. To do so, the greatest novels of the five decades were selected through "Reputational Case sampling" and a survey conducted among experts, critics, writers, and literary journalists. As its methodology, the research draws on Narrative analysis, and specifically, on Gerald Prince's structuralist narratology. Based on the results of the study, modernization, which according to development theories, can be studied in a wide range of political, cultural, social, economic, and even psychological contexts, is observable in the narrated events of the selected novels. The narratives of these novels are in line with the current conditions of each period. Moreover, concepts such as, political development, political criticism and critique of politicians, socio-political rationality, religion, immigration, class divide, and women are present in all these novels.

So far, the history of Kashan has been viewed through the eyes of many travelers, but these eyes have rarely been eyes of women travelers. Depicting Kashan’s situation in Naseri and Pahlavi era from writings of two women, who came from cultural archeologic families, is an important source of recognizing Kashan, which is analyzed in this article. This critical analysis is conducted with the assumption and purpose of development possibilities from the role of operator and structure (woman and city), and with a historical, comparative, and feminine point of view. The main sources for this inquiry are daily notes of Jane Dieulafoy and Tania Girshman when they were living our visiting Iran, which is in the form of their diary. The viewpoints of women are important because the most valuable look upon development has always been the look of those who are underdeveloped. Therefore, these notes are important from a sociological, historical, feminine, political, governmental, and also for the role Sialk and Kashan’s Telegraph house. Also, some of now a day’s reasons and teachings about development are presented in the end.

 Tourism is one of the most important issues in modern societies. In fact, with the support of tourism in the country, various sectors of the community are activated, including hotels, restaurants, transportation, crafts and much more. As a result of these activities, the employment of labor in specialized and public sectors is expanding. The attention of governments to the tourism sector in some countries has shown that the proceeds from it will directly benefit the community, while the governmental sectors will also be affected. In the studied area, Sistan and Baluchestan province, despite the vast potential of tourist attractions, tourism is almost not well known. In this paper, it will be attempted to suggest suitable solution to establish sensation of security, empathy and development based on tourism. In fact, this industry, which is new in Iran, is not only important for development of the country, but it could also cause for empathy between different ethnicities and revealed religion, and sensation of security. Unfortunately, the tourism pathology in Sistan and Baluchestan province has not been written much and is not considered as worthy of the province. Sistan and Baluchestan province, which is limited to the provinces of Kerman and Hormozgan from the west, to the province of Khorasan from the north and from the east to the countries of Pakistan and Afghanistan, to the south to the Oman Sea can have many tourist attractions from different point of view. These potentials can be found in the field of cultural heritage, social, environmental, sports, religious, industrial, and commercial tourisms.  Sistan and Baluchestan Province has two major ethnicities, including Sistani and Baluchistani, in addition to these two ethnic groups, people from other provinces of the country, such as Yazd, Kerman, Khorasan, and a number of other provinces live in Sistan and Baluchestan Province. Intermediary function of the province especially its center, Zahedan, has caused for the presence of new ethic groups from other provinces. On the other hand, the existence of two religions from Islam, Shiism and Sunnis, has added to this diversity. At the same time, this diversity has been at the hands of the colonial powers that have been present in the region. The province has economic, trade and tourism talents, but the feeling of insecurity and vulnerability of empathy are the main obstacles to achieve the above talents. With the expansion of the tourism industry, based on the support of this important and revenue-generating industry, it is believed that the necessary conditions could be established to create a sense of security, empathy and, ultimately, development. In fact, with the logical support and development of the tourism industry, relations between the various parts of the province, on the one hand, and with other provinces and abroad, on the other hand, arise, which in turn creates empathy among the people of the region. In the tourism industry, the interests of people are tied together and they try to maintain their source of income for survival and life, and in this regard they will try their best. If this is not the case today, it is important because of the weakness of planning in this industry. If people in the region are aware of the interests of the tourist, whether domestic, national or international, they will no longer go to neighboring countries to work. They will try to eliminate the feeling of insecurity and create the necessary facilities for audiences in order to keep the audience satisfied with the tourist attractions of their province. In such encounters, host communities will be affected by the tourist culture and will increase the cultural sharing and interaction between them. The existence of great civilizations in the Sistan and Baluchistan region is an obvious example of this cultural sharing. For example, people in the Sistan plain and the Bampur Valley (Baluchestan) during the third millennium BC lived well in their area and created their communal economic and cultural development as important civilizations between the two great civilizations, Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley. The above two regions in southeast Iran, as an intermediary region between the above two civilizations, came to such an advancement in the fields of agriculture, industry and commerce that their commercial goods, in particular semi-precious stones, including Lapis Lazuli and Soapstone in Mesopotamia and Turkmenistan had attracted a lot of customers. In fact, the intermediary function of the region during millenniums was tied to the interests of the people of the region, and they were struggling to survive and live better and this could be seen through their archaeological remains. Each of the many attractions mentioned above has a special audience that brings with it currency and income, and here, tourism is as the important industry that has invisible exports and could be one of the main basis for the development of the province. So, if these tourism attractions are ready, what is needed is precise management and planning that the well-known researchers come to know about the sensitivities of the area. Today, along with many tourist sites such as the Pisa Tower in Italy, Eiffel in France, the Pyramids of Egypt, etc., works of art and decorations related to those works are produced and sold by artists. This function, while creating employment and income, also promotes the culture of the regions. Encouraging the producing of works of semi-precious stones along with the tourism industry will lead to the development of international trade routes. In fact, the situation of the regions will increase the importance of constructing these roads. The connection between the two regions of Sistan and Baluchestan will bring them closer to provide the needs of their audience. Therefore, these commonalities, which are now observable, will also bind the interests of the peoples of these two regions of the province, which will ultimately lead to their empathy to gain an ideal life. At the end of this discussion, it is necessary to give a brief mention of some of the most important obstacles to tourism in Sistan and Baluchestan province. Being on the border and feeling of insecurity is perhaps one of the most important of these factors. As mentioned above, Sistan and Baluchestan provinces have long borders with both Afghanistan and Pakistan. Indeed, insecurity in the two neighboring countries has caused feeling of insecurity in Sistan and Baluchestan province. This feeling has prevented private sector investment in the tourism industry and related infrastructure. On the other hand, the audience of the province's tourism, which is the people of our country and other countries, also have little interest in traveling to this province. Regarding the security, Sistan and Baluchestan is in the list of Red Zone countries for some European Countries. But, as mentioned, empathy is the most important factor for investment stability. Perhaps this feeling of insecurity itself is not a reason to neglect tourism studies in the province. While such studies, especially in the infrastructure sector, can provide an understanding of the existing conditions and the basic needs of the tourism sector.

This paper is a comparative analysis in relation to the transition process of modernity in contemporary Iranian literature based on the dialectical attitude Sadegh Hedayat and Forough Farrokhzad is in the works and their narratives. This study sought to find an appropriate answer to this key question was Sadegh Hedayat and Forough Farrokhzad in the transition to modernity in contemporary Iranian literature in their methodological study on the creation of his works have been based on what attitude? The study is Generally based on interpretive sociology approach. Meanwhile, some theoretical perspectives (Mead, Blumer and George Gorvich) in the analysis of important works of Sadegh Hedayat and Forough Farrokhzad was used. as a result, Sadegh Hedayat and Forough Farrokhzad in the transition to modernity in contemporary Iranian literature in terms of methodology and the type of attitude and abductionistic, subscriptions are very close together. methodological research is based on looking at social reality. Accordingly, important works of fiction and non-fiction Sadegh Hedayat and some important poems of Forough Farrokhzad in particular two collections of poetry "birth" and "believe in the cold season" was studied and analyzed. As a result, choose the kind of look and attitude in dealing with the creation of their work, In the transition to modernity in Iranian literature, methods of abductionistic and dialectic process together have fellowed. In terms of methodological abductionistic approach in a dialectical process in creating his art work clearly points were shared. But different on Their methodology is to look beyond gender Forough Farrokhzad, and staying within the traditional male-oriented structure that Sadegh Hedayat could not the distinction tradition and religion and time objectivity are not separate in naturalistic method mutual.

This paper is the result of research that seeks to answer the question whether the contemporary authors in the period of modernization in Iran has noticed the development and passing through tradition? And if so which concepts have been considered? To this end we studied the works of five authors (Dehkhoda, Jamal Zadeh, Hedayat, Ale-Ahmad and Daneshvar) which have been presented between 1250-1350. We tried to answer this question by counting the traditional conceptual categories and the elements and pre-requisites of modernization and development. It was found that the number of the usage of concepts by all authors was related to cultural development and the changing movement in literature was a conscious movement. This position in the works of studied authors shows their insight and understanding of the concept of development in Iran.