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With the rise of Russian nationalists and Eurasianists, the Middle East has become strategically important in Russia's regional and global calculations. In this context, the development of relations with key actors in the Middle East subsystem, such as the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia, has been one of Russia's foreign policy priorities. But Tehran and Riyadh are pursuing conflicting interests in the region, which poses a challenge to Russia's diplomatic apparatus. Given this issue, the research question is based on how Russia, while maintaining relations with Tehran and Riyadh, has managed the conflict in their relations in line with its regional interests? The hypothesis of the article is based on the fact that Russia has tried to establish independent relations with both countries simultaneously based on a completely realistic and pragmatic approach, in order to serve its regional as well as global interests. The research method is analytical-explanatory and the theoretical approach of realism has been used to explain the subject. Findings show that in relation to the issue of Iran's nuclear activities, regional influence and its presence in Syria, the confrontation of the Resistance Front with the Arab-Hebrew coalition and Iran's support for the Yemeni Houthis in the war With Saudi Arabia, Kremlin leaders ignored the Saudis' demands and instead pursued a policy of coordination with Tehran in the national interest.

While the occupation of Khorramshahr by Iraq was considered as the last and most important winner in forcing Iran to take part in any peace talks, its releasement could have been a symbol of the Islamic Republic's political will to the invade regime and prove the Islamic Republic of Iran’s military superiority.  Accordingly, as the western Karoun public area was the last major area still occupied by Iraq, on the one hand, Iranian military commanders agreed to operate in this area, and on the other hand, Iraq considered definitive that Iran will have operation to release Khorramshahr after the operation of Fath al-Mubin. So, because of the importance of Basra and its position in defending, Iraq believed in the need to preserve the area.  Regarding the successful operation of Bait al Moghaddas in 1361, we can say that the purpose of this study is: to investigate the factors and contexts affecting the success of Bait al Moghaddas operation.  Due to the nature of the article title and in the way of answering the main question, in this research, a descriptive-analytical method has been used. In terms of the type of research, it is classified as an applied research. The method and tools for collecting information and data are also the library-documentary method, the form of a receipt, as well as the use of internet resources and the interviews with experts in this field. By analyzing the question of this article which is: "What are the factors and contexts that contribute to the success of Operation Bait al Moghaddas?" we can provide a clear answer to it and the related sub questions.After analyzing the performance of the two Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and the Islamic Republic of Iran Army and analyzing the planning, organizing, and the control of this operation, the results show that the cooperation, correlation and unity between the two units with the organization's joint focus and command at Camp of Karbala, as well as the risk of command, attacking unawares and the high speed of the operating forces, led to such a successful operation with its complete outcomes.

Recent developments in the international system in particular in regional level, which intensified anarchy in the Middle East geopolitics, directed some key actors to form coalition against common threats. Israel and Saudi Arabia are those who have seriously taken step for creating a coalition. With regard to that, the aim of the research is to study the fields that led Saudi Arabia and Israel to establish a de facto coalition and the consequences of it for Iran’s national security. Therefore, the main question of the research is that what are the main roots of forming the coalition and how this threats Iran's national security?

The research method is analytical- explanatory and library resources were used for data collection.

The research findings reveal that different factors of internal, regional and international had role in forming the coalition which are reinforcing one another. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that Israeli-Saudi coalition through intensifying Iran-phobia and changing regional blocking, shifting balance of power and altering regional security structure, extending instability and crisis generation in Iran and ultimately exacerbating identical and sectarianism variancesaimed at dwindling Iran regional power, has put in danger Iran's national security and interests.

forming Israeli-Saudi coalition will lead to divergence and escalating of differences among the Muslim countries in the region and will challenge their development. The crisis among Muslim countries, will definitely supply the US and Israel benefits in the region.

Islamic Republic of Iran, with a futuristic view, developments in the geometry of power and gaining strategic benefits based on capacities and capabilities in meeting the needs of empowerment, dynamic activism in regional and extra-territorial security arrangements and the like, can develop and strengthen defense-security cooperation with PRC in various fields, especially defense diplomacy. The central aim of this paper is to identify the factors that play a significant role in these collaborations. This is an applied-developmental study in terms of purpose, and its method is a case-field one with a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) approach. In this study, 23 important and effective factors have been identified and prioritized that play a role in defense-security collaborations between the two countries in both favorable and existing situations. In the current situation, the geopolitical and geostrategic position of the two countries with a coefficient of 81.8%, the position of PRC in the international system with a coefficient of 80.0%, the new US strategy in Asia with a coefficient of 76.4%, the consensus of these two countries on the central role of the UN, and international institutions have the greatest impact on resolving issues with a coefficient of 72.7%, and in the favorable situation, the position of PRC in the international system, the efforts of the two countries to prevent the use of unconventional weapons (nuclear, chemical and microbial) and relations between the PRC and regional and international powers with a coefficient of 98.2%, the two countries' compromise on the pivotal role of the UN and international institutions in resolving issues, the two countries' demand for a new political and economic order with the participation of all countries, geopolitical position and the geostrategic of the two countries have the greatest influence with a coefficient of 96.4%.

Given the strategic position and ideological tendencies of the Islamic Republic of Iran, which assumes the defense of the country's independence and protection of the oppressed society, and the assault on the hegemony of the superpowers, the threat of infiltration and intelligence gathering by foreign intelligence services in the armed forces There has been a dramatic increase in the need for more attention to self-control. Therefore, the lack of effective self-control will make it difficult for the armed forces to maintain information, protect their capabilities, their intelligence, and their personnel. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to "identify the legal components of security self-control in the armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran". This study, based on library resources and field research, seeks to answer the question "the legal components of security self-control in the armed forces". What are the Islamic Republic of Iran? “The research method used in this study is a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative) and the statistical population of managers and commanders of the Armed Forces with information protection and management background and at least 18 positions is considered. Accordingly, the most important components were extracted in the library studies section by referring to reputable sources and interviewing reporters. It was argued that based on the analysis of the questionnaires, the most important legal components affecting the self-control of the armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran have been identified and ranked, which can be used to identify the legal weaknesses of achieving security self-control. And approving, restoring, and enforcing laws to officials and decision makers to assist the armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Strategy of an organization affects the underlying structures, policies, programs, and core activities of the organization. Strategy is a transformational approach, but one of the reasons for lack of its usage in organizations is that managers avoid its high risk. If the operational factors regarding this risk are better understood and measures are taken to control and curb it, there will undoubtedly be more effective space to take advantage of the benefits of this approach. While I.R. of Iran's Armed Forces Physical Education Organization has been able to perform its liabilities well by employing the strategic planning process, the question is: Is it necessary for those programs to be revised and modified regarding their content and structure? In this regard, the aim of the present study was to identify the main strategies for the development of the Armed Forces by utilizing meta-analysis and combining the findings of all available sources. The present study was a meta-analysis. The statistical population of the study consists of all plans, programs and strategic documents of Iranian Armed Forces sport organizations that were selected for the research sample and meta-analysis. The findings of this study showed that the major goals and related strategies regarding sport in the Armed Forces can be grouped into five groups: Public, championship, cultural, knowledge development and resource development, and in the horizon of 1404, directs the Iranian Armed Forces Physical Education Organization on the right track by emphasizing the strengthening of the military family's shares in championship sport.

Iran and the US are experiencing turbulent times in their relations. The tension is so intense that some are concerned about the possibility of an unwanted war in the region. Trump administration with purpose to return Iran to negotiation table and signing comprehensive agreement with Iran imposes economic and political sanctions in what it calls "maximum pressure policy". This concept most closely resembles the economic pressures of sanctions, nevertheless, pondering the Trump administration's policy against Iran, shows the fact that America, It has a strategy for dealing with Iran that is not limited to economic dimensions. US strategy against Iran is a combination of economic, political, military pressure, cyber-attacks, and fog of war in Iranian areas of influence. The ultimate goal is to change the political system or disintegrate the Iranian political system. The various determinations of Trump's strategy against the Iran are explained more precisely, not in the context of the policy of maximum pressure, but in the context of the concept of "Hybrid War". For gaining this purpose, with application of the concept of Hybrid War, this article seeks to explain the Trump administration's practical policy against Iran.

The 2016 U.S presidential election has been a contest between Hillary Clinton's liberal hegemony approach and opposition with it based on nationalist approach by Donald Trump. Donald Trump's foreign policy prioritized U.S interests.The purpose of this article is to answer this main question in a descriptive-analytical method that why Donald Trump's U.S priority approach based on the internal tendencies of Jackson's tradition was adopted by part of the American people؟ And this subsidiary question be proposed that, what has this approach affected on the tensions between Iran and the U.S? In response to the main question in this article, This hypothesis on the basis of nationalist approach has proposed that for decades citizens in conflict with their leaders, more have realistic than liberal foreign policy orientation, which have led them to demand self-centered foreign policy.They insisted on the president that to put U.S interests in the first priority. In response to the subsidiary question this hypothesis proposed, Trump on the basis of nationalist approach believed the joint comprehensive plan of action failed to serve US interests. With withdrawal of U.S from JCPOA tension between U.S and Iran returned to the former enemy. The result showed even after nuclear deal relations between Iran and U.S not changed so much .It seems in the Trump era, relations between Iran and the United States neither to be a direct confrontation nor a normalization of relations, but will be a continuation of past political tension, unless unpredictable evolution take place.

 The Islamic Republic of Iran police is one of the most important and effective institutions in order to providing order and security in the country.it is an indispensable necessity for the co-ordination and overlap of the various law enforcement activities to strengthen and extend empathy and co-operation in different dimensions in this holy organization.The same subject was the field of doing this research The purpose of the researcher is to extract the results in scientific ways and with emotions of the components empathy and companionship and provide them to the managers and determiners,and complete this matter by observing them at all levels and elements of law enforcement.

this research is in terms of porpose ,usefully and in term of methode ,qualitative (descriptive -analytical); and seeks to explain the dimensions, components and indices of empathy and companionship in Naja (based on Supreme Command General guide lines and forms). The sample consisted of 80 commanders, managers, assistants and successors of Naja's assistants, and the sample size is integer that after the distribution of questionnaires, 75 questionnaires were collected. The needed data were gathered from the documentary method and content analysis of Supreme Command General and data were also collected  through questionnaire distribution the statistical society has been collected  in four sections.

After performing statistical tests such as Friedman rank test, the results showed that the commands and measures of the supreme command General(HR) in the manpower dimension in the first priority, then the hierarchy in the second priority, the rules dimensions , the Regulations, circulars and the technological dimension are the third and forth priorities to the reality attaching in empathy and companionship in Naja is effective. Suggestions from the research about the four dimensions based on the results are also presented.

Hajj, as the religion of worship, and a religious and political practice, has a vast capacity for the Islamic world. Hajj pilgrimage and new pilgrimage have been faced with a lot of ups and downs with at least half a century of experience in servicing pilgrims. This issue continues to be a challenge due to the lack of appropriate patterns of scientific research after three decades of revolution. Therefore, the main objective of the research is to explain and prioritize the dimensions and components of the Hajj pilgrimage system of the Islamic Republic of Iran. This issue continues to be a challenge due to the lack of appropriate patterns of scientific research after three decades of revolution. Therefore, the main objective of the research is to explain and prioritize the dimensions and components of the Hajj pilgrimage system of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Accordingly, the present research is applied in terms of the purpose and in terms of the type of data collected, is a combination of qualitative section of the interview protocol of mind-caving with 30 experts. In the quantitative part of the data collection method, Using a questionnaire, a field experiment was conducted. The statistical population of this research consisted of experts, experts and experts in the area of ​​Hajj pilgrimage and pilgrimage, with 80 people and a targeted sampling method. The validity of the research pattern was obtained using SPSS and PLS software. The results of the study showed that among the five dimensions of the system of management system, the "management system", the first priority and other dimensions are "value system", "system of support", "key activities" and "system of environmental interactions" in the next priorities Are. Also, out of 29 components, the components of "monitoring and control", "spirituality", "piloting journey pilgrims", "professionalism and efficiency of the broker" and "responsibility and service of brokers" are respectively Most rated. The most important achievement of this research is the proposal to create a Hajj and pilgrimage brokerage agency..

Public trust in government and its future trend is one of the important issues for governments that lack of recognition and attention to its effective factors can have destructive consequences for the government over time. In this regard, the present study has tried to explore effective factors on future of public trust in government of Islamic Republic of Iran, and the analysis of their causal interrelationship network.

In this research we used Fuzzy DEMATEL technique. In order to collect data we used the viewpoints of experts which selected by purposeful sampling. After identifying effective factors on future of public trust in government from the literature, Fuzzy DEMATEL technique was used to determine the status of causal relations among these factors.

The results of data analysis showed that among the extracted factors from literature, social justice is the most fundamental factor and making constructive changes in it, can lead to more serious changes in the future of public trust in government in Iran. Also, public managers and employees' competency and transparency in government are the most important factors in the future of public trust and at the opposite point is the quality of public service.

According these results, the government must emphasize on social justice and competency and merit in applying and appointing people and do its best efforts to implement laws related to transparency in public affairs administration.

The Iranian society has long been multiethnic and multicultural, and they have always been peacefully living together, in addition to diversifying the Iranian politics. Even with the advent of the Islamic Revolution and the Islamic Republic constitution's emphasis on peaceful lives, we have often seen the divergent orientation of the tribes. The existence of economic problems in the tribal areas, having common borders with the countries believing in border ethnicities, expansion of communications and globalization, centralization of the country's administration, and cultural and social problems have caused the ethnic identity in Iran to face challenges after the Islamic Revolution. Hence, the present study tried to address the future of ethnic identity after the Islamic Revolution. In this regard, the research questions are as follows: What are the challenges of ethnic identity after the Islamic Revolution? What are the results of Parekh’s Multicultural Approach for ethnic groups and ethnic identities in Iran? The research hypotheses are as follows: 1. decentralization in the Iranian society has led to marginalization of ethnicities. 2. Cooperation and interaction with the central government, along with peaceful pursuit of demands, will bring more income to ethnic groups.

The Central Asian region is of great importance to Iran because of its religious, ethnic, cultural, historical and civilizations shares with I. R. Iran have. the following article seeks to answer the question, "What are the factors affecting the future developments in the Central Asian region and what kind of relationship do they have with I. R. Iran?” The approach of the present study is “mixed” and based on purpose; it is an “applied- developmental” research. The target population consisted of 32 experts and experts in the area. In order to collect the required information for compiling research literature, "library studies" using "catch-up" tools, and "field studies", using "semi-structured interviews" and "closed questionnaires", were used to collect the actual data.. Interview questions and questionnaires were confirmed by experts in both aspect and content validity. The reliability coefficient (Cronbach's alpha) was calculated 0.906 using SPSS software, indicating high reliability of the questionnaire. "Shannon entropy method" was used to analyze the quantitative data collected by "descriptive statistics or parameters" and also to rank the importance of questionnaire propositions. Thus, all influential actors in the three groups; local actors (ethnicities, religions, movements and other local actors), regional and international, mentioning the type of relationship each had with I. R. Iran, as well as the extent of its impact on the future of regional developments, are identified and ranked, and finally, strategies to provide grounds for the expansion of presence and influence I. R. Iran has been suggested in this area.

Geopolitical factors comprise all factors that influence the defense strategy of I.R. of Iran in terms of geography, politics and power. These factors are similar to the dimensions of national power and play a significant role in selecting the type of defense strategy. Therefore, geopolitical factors dictate and then a defense strategy is formulated based on it. In this paper geopolitical factors have eight dimensions: Natural, human, economic, domestic and foreign policies, military, cultural, and technological. This research is a case-field study with a quantitative approach and is of developmental-applied nature. Data collection was done using field and library methods and the statistical population included 85 individuals, using expertise analytical methods. The aim of this paper is to explore the role of geopolitical factors regarding I.R. of Iran's defense strategy. The results show 51 geopolitical components (8 natural, 5 human, 7 economic, 5 domestic policy, 4 foreign policy, 12 military, 5 cultural, and 5 scientific-technological factors). 12 factors have two roles simultaneously, i.e. the geopolitical factors of Iran have 51 components and 63 roles. In total, these 63 roles include: 34 strengths, 10 weaknesses, 13 opportunities, and 6 threats. After calculating the strategic positioning, it became clear that I.R. of Iran is in a mild offensive position regarding the field of geopolitical factors.

A belief has emerged among some of the elites of the country that emphasizing the Islamic Republic of Iran’s military capabilities is a propaganda, and in a real battle, the military forces of the Islamic Republic will collapse. In this study, based on one of the concepts used in the United States strategic -military literature, entitled “Anti-Access/ Area Denial (A2 / AD) Strategies , and using Western intelligence panels, different dimensions of military power of The Islamic Republic of Iran was investigated. Therefore, this study seeks to answer the question that, “what are the features and components of Anti-Access/ Area Denial (A2 / AD) Strategies, which will be used by Iran to deal with US military capabilities, based on the United States Department of Defense (Pentagon) 2012 Defense Strategy Guidance Document (DSG)? “It is hypothesized that “Islamic Republic of Iran’s” anti-access capabilities “include cruise and ballistic missiles, submarine forces, cyber invasion capabilities, special operations forces, and Islamic Republic of Iran’s” area denial “strategies / capabilities, including air force and Fixed and mobile air defense systems; short-range anti-ship missiles and torpedo submarines; abundant land and sea mines; small armed boats; unmanned aerial vehicles and unmanned ground vehicles; rockets, canons, missiles and guided mortars (G- RAMM). 

Defensive innovation is a set of technological, procedural, and operational concepts that seek to increase military effectiveness and include the core capabilities and activities of an organization. The connection between these capabilities and military plans is to tackle the new challenges and to adjust the organization's missions based on the new capabilities. Regarding this issue, the aim of this research is to identify the most important components and indicators of defense innovation and creativity in the Army of Islamic Republic of Iran inspired by the religious resources and the guidance of the Supreme Leader. The nature of the research is exploratory and regarding the achievement of the research it is an applied study. The statistical population of the research, in the first step, is the use of religious resources and documents related to the speeches of the Supreme Leader, and in the second step, 112 commanders and experts of the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Also, the sample size was 86 according to the Cochran formula. In this research, documents and leaflets and questionnaires were used for collecting information and the required data were collected using library and field methods. By studying the religious sources and 109 lectures given by the Supreme Leader, 64 indicators and 10 components were extracted through using content analysis method. The results of the research show that the most important components of the defensive innovation and creativity in the military include science courage, militarism  morale and Basiji thinking, knowledge management, innovation management, elite management, learning organization, research and development, science production , worship and faith, trust and belief in God.

This research is in line with the essential question: What is the knowledge-based model of the army of the Islamic Republic of Iran? After studying theoretical and historical foundations, dimensions and components, identification, the data and the findings were analyzed. The research regarding its achievements was an applied and regarding its aim it was a descriptive-analytical, and the data were collected using a survey method. The statistical population of the study included the academic experts and military commanders of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Data were collected by simple random sampling and judgmental sampling. Data were collected by field and library method and using a questionnaire tool. The significance of this issue as a transition from a resource-based organization to a knowledge-based approach to macro policies in upstream documents, the research findings suggest that focusing more on a special structure can make the Islamic Republic of Iran's army more accessible to becoming a knowledge-based entity. The results indicated that the conceptualization model of the knowledge-based of the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran include the "infrastructural dimensions of the knowledge organization" and "process dimensions of the knowledge organization" as the main independent variables and "knowledge societies", "intellectual capital", "temporary special structure" and "knowledge strategies" as the mediator variables in this model. Finally, the "Knowledge-based Organization" is considered as a dependent variable.

The history of Middle East reveals the engagement of this region in instability, insecurity, crisis and conflict further than other geopolitical spheres. Regional wars, stratified conflicts,  territorial disputes, endless and frequent crises are of the factors which emphasize the study of security indices in this region. The sustainability of anarchy besides geopolitical codes has caused this region to be one of the most crisis-hit and insecure regions in the world. Accordingly, this paper mainly poses the conditions in which the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) as an effective regional actor pursues her desirable order as a question. Doing so,  it first reviews the current regional security models and contrasts them with the de facto conditions and characteristics of the region; second, it explicates the indices and desirable conditions and then defines the priorities for establishment of regional security order in the region. Following, it gathers and analyses the research documents and exploits the viewpoints of 25 experts to assess the validity of the results and determine the priorities. Furthermore, it analyses the viewpoints with SPSS; consequently, the outcome of the study suggests that the desirable model for the IRI is developed upon »participation «,» civilization and basic economy «and» soft power building«.