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In recent decades, significant advancements in industry and technology have greatly influenced financial markets. However, criminal organizations exploit these developments to disrupt the stock market and undermine financial structures through fraudulent transactions. This expansion of illicit activities destabilizes the global economy, weakening international laws, regulations, and foreign investments. Given the complexity of financial crimes and the imperative to combat international and terrorist activities, it is crucial to examine the impact of money laundering on the global economy and the approaches of international financial institutions in preventing and confronting this issue. This descriptive-analytical study reveals that money laundering poses a fundamental challenge in the international economic arena. International institutions must oversee financial systems to safeguard the integrity and stability of global finance. This necessitates collaboration among these institutions and countries to combat money laundering effectively, including tracking illicit money flows, enhancing transparency in international banking systems, developing electronic infrastructures, integrating financial information systems, and improving global data.

The aim of the present research is to examine the obstacles existing in Iran's laws for accepting commitments to the World Trade Organization (WTO). The research method is descriptive-analytical, and the results indicate that Iran's problems in joining the WTO stem from both internal and external factors. Apart from the current problems and instabilities prevailing in Iran's economy, some domestic laws also fail to align with WTO regulations. For instance, Article 44 of the Constitution, which enforces state ownership and monopolies in significant sectors such as industries, mines, banking, radio and television, shipping, aviation, etc., underscores the overbearing presence of government and semi-government entities in the economy, while relegating the private sector to a marginalized role in economic activities. Furthermore, due to the absence of a single exchange rate, regulations related to foreign insurances, insufficient support for foreign investment in Iran and high import tariffs, some other domestic laws not only fail to conform to WTO regulations but also contradict them significantly. In Iran, due to access to foreign currency resources derived from oil exports, the foreign trade sector has not developed properly and proportionately to the needs, resulting in various problems. The emergence of these issues and the potential decrease in oil export revenues in the future underscore the significance of the foreign trade sector and its presence in global markets. Therefore, increasing production, enhancing export capabilities and competitiveness on a global scale, and benefiting from the facilities of the WTO are raised as necessities.

Iran’s uneven experience in its economic development process during the last decades, which seemingly culminated in the JCPOA process and continuous efforts made at the removal of sanctions, has made Iran revise its choice of partners in the international scene in order to attain economic development. In the meantime, world developments and the shift in power paradigm based on economy or in other words, the new international order relying on economic variables provide observes with a new outlook. In the existing order, economic rivalries based on technology, communications and information provide the basis for the formation of power structure in the international system. The major players of the international system, which give rise to such rivalries and form international interactions and transactions, include rising economic powers. To investigate this issue, this article proposed the following question: What are the place and role of the rising economies comparatively in the process of Iran’s economic development? To answer it, a hypothesis is put forward which suggests that considering Iran’s development conditions and structure, rising economies possess a salient place in development relations with Iran because of their flexibility in relations, and cheap, low cost, low risk, non-political and efficient characteristics.

Russia's massive invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 and the severe financial sanctions imposed against Moscow have not only had an economic impact on Russia; but, the consequence of this crisis has also affected the international economy, including America and Europe’s markets. The inflation caused by the Ukraine crisis, which has currently disrupted most of the world's economies, including the United States and Europe, is constantly increasing due to the sharp increase in the prices of oil, gas, industrial and agricultural products. This article tries to examine the economic impact of the war between Russia and Ukraine in 2022 on the key players of the global economy, especially the United States and Europe, which have imposed severe financial sanctions against Russia. Therefore, the main question of this research is: What effect will the Russia – Ukraine war have on the international economy, especially for the U.S. and Europe?The hypothesis of the research is that given the fact that the conflict in Ukraine has the political and military dimensions, the leaders of these countries have prioritized the political issues over the economic issues in their decision making process to address this crisis. This has caused the economy to be affected again by high politics issues and faced stagnation and increase in global prices which once was considered as a low politics during the Cold War and then, it became more relevant in the decision-making process of governments after the Cold War.This paper has applied the descriptive-analytical method to analyze the data.

While Iran's economy has relied on oil revenues, the government, parliament, judiciary, and knowledge-based companies are trying to increase domestic production to boost the economy. This study focuses on the purpose and method of conducting this research. This study uses the analytical-descriptive and necessary data collected by the library method to investigate the role of international economic policies in achieving domestic production strengthening. Several economic sanctions have been imposed on Iran by its enemies since 1978, and this has caused the country serious damage. As a result, policymakers in Iran have a heavy responsibility to constructively interact and pave the way for its economy to flourish. Counteract the enemy's tricks and attain the position envisaged in Vision 20. In this regard, strengthening the domestic economy can meet domestic requirements, but attention to international interaction and cooperation is important to strengthen production in the country. In order to strengthen exports, reduce production costs, and increase investment, the production must be strengthened.

The relation between economics and politics in the domestic and international spheres that shape economic diplomacy is essential for development. For this reason, development-concerned governments put this at the forefront of their policies. The present study also seeks to answer the main question: what is the position (role and importance) of economics and especially economic diplomacy in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran during the last few decades? The research claims that the mere attention to security issues and ignoring the economic goals emphasized by the upstream documents in the foreign policy orientations has caused the governments of the Islamic Republic of Iran not to have a specific economic strategy in the regional and international environment. The findings of the study indicate that the lack of specific economic strategies has caused fluctuations in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran during the four decades of the revolution, especially since 1989. Foreign policy pursuing cross-sectional policies in the political economy of the governments of Iran and the failure to achieve the goals envisaged in the five-year development plans are among the features of this period. Foreigners noted the impact of sanctions. Thus, in this research, an attempt is made to study the mentioned issue using a descriptive-analytical approach and relying on documentary sources.

Since Donald Trump took power as president, significant change occurred in US behavioral pattern. Trump by adopting economic nationalism approach, which is based on State-centric and protective policy, has challenged international trade order. With regard to that, this article aims to answer to this question how US economic nationalism impacted trade order of the international economic? Also what are the aims of the US by adopting economic nationalism? And to achieve the goals what strategies were chosen by the country?  The findings reveal that the US new administration, aimed at maintaining the country’s world hegemony and its favorite order and development and economic security which guarantee its national security, has prioritized economic nationalism. Though this policy supplies the US demands, however it has negative impacts on international trade order. The Economic nationalism policy through damaging national economic of other countries, creating international economic stagnation, and eventually deactivating international treaties and creating destabilation in international economic has weaken liberal trade order. The research method is analytical- explanatory and the mercantilism theory has been used for explaining the subject matter.

Social capital (SC) is important as much as physical capital and theorists discussed its functions in enhancement of countries. Successfulness in international fields is far behind reach without due attention to capacity of countries. These capacities are known as competitiveness capacity (CC) in political literature. 12 indexes have been recognized for the CC which covers different dimensions of countries’ capabilities. Due to، extend of the CC issue، this research only focuses on four main indexes of CC، then studies the impacts of SC and these indexes on CC. Existence of meaningful relation between SC and international CC indexes is the main question of the research. Data gathering and literature studies have lead to a model-making and the structure of the research. Research method is based on quantitative approach with applying T test and hypothesis test via SPSS. Result of the research illustrates that there is meaningful relation between SC and international CC indexes.

Despite resorting to renewable energies has been long put atop the agenda in the developed countries, oil and gas and other fossil energy resources will continue to attract energy consumers’ attention in the world at least for the next half a century. For this reason, extensive interaction among the countries possessing energy reserves as well as study and control of the conditions of the other party could effectively maximize the benefits arising from the exploitation of a variety of fossil energies in all aspects. This article deals with the potentials found in Iranian and Qatari oil and gas resources, exploring the grounds for convergence and divergence between the two nations. It concludes that a variety of factors put emphasis upon attention to the grounds of integration between the two nations and expansion of bilateral energy diplomacy.

In the recent years, the rise of the newly emerging powers has been the main topic of academic debates at both regional and global levels. The BRIC or BRICS are different rubrics or grouping acronyms of these new powers which refer to Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. Due to the increasing significance of the newly emerging powers in the transitional international system, analyzing and examining the characteristics, perspectives and global impacts of their emergence can enrich our understanding and knowledge of the evolving international system. In response to the research question about the role of the newly emerging powers in transitional international system, the authors argue that these powers play a crucial role in shaping the post-transitional international power structure. According to the research findings, in spite of the national, regional and international challenges and obstacles, the newly emerging powers are assuming a more prominent place in the global economy and politics by building their new international identity, providing grounds for gradual shift of power and the redistribution of their role and influence.