بحران های امنیتی

The speed of today’s fast-paced developments, new trends and emerging events has brought many surprises and intelligence failures in different societies. This issue doubles the need to pay attention to warning systems and appropriate warning patterns. Therefore, in the current research, various patterns of warning are investigated and by studying documents in this field, beside identifying dimensions, components and indicators of information warning in security crises, the desired pattern of informational warning be obtained. This research is applied, qualitative and based on content analysis method is exploratory. It is done with the participation of 12 experts, elites, managers in the field of information, security, cyber, crisis and electronic war who have managerial and executive scientific records, and with the purposeful sampling method in the target statistical population and with the tools of interview, collection, implementation and analysis the data is done that after coding and matching, adaptation and integration, the following results were obtained: 68 indicators, 13 components and 4 dimensions. The resulting components are: symptoms (perception), awareness (collection), processing, analysis (examination), knowledge base, levels, tools, elements and effective factors of warning, subject, actors, intelligent network, steps and time of warning that have been obtained in 4 dimensions of observation, diagnosis, orientation, decision-making and action. Finally, the model of informational warning of security crisis is designed and the subject of evaluation, feedback and learning in each stage to the previous stage have also been considered and emphasized.

The aim of the research is to answer this question; What are the strategies of domestic social media (virtual space) to cover the news of the Islamic Republic of Iran in security crises? The type of research is mixed (qualitative and quantitative), in this research, theoretical saturation was achieved with 16 experts from the field of media and security with targeted sampling and snowball method, semi-structured interviews were used in the qualitative part, and the QSPM matrix was used in the quantitative part. was done, the findings were analyzed in a quantitative part through Excel software. In this research, internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities and threats) were identified and after calculating the importance coefficient, the current situation and the final score, the position of news coverage in social media according to the obtained score (internal factors 787/ 1 and external factors 1/765) obtained a defensive position in the SWOT matrix table, strategies were proposed to get out of the defensive mode, and then the strategies were prioritized through the QSPM technique, strategies for setting the media-security attachment to have the first narrative of the news , the first narrative to prevent the flow and incitement of public opinion, to improve the media literacy of officials and people, to have a spokesperson for each organization and department, to have transparency in the reflection of events, to improve the level of knowledge, awareness and skills of media people, in the first to fifth ranks were placed.

 In developed and developing countries, intelligence management is considered a key word in development strategy. Intelligence management, with an emphasis on quick access to accurate and reliable information about the events and happenings of the country with the support of modern technologies, is one of the requirements of the security crisis management process and plays a significant role in analyzing the past, understanding the current situation and predicting the future, identifying threats and patterns, making decisions and adoption of effective measures by administrative authorities. The main goal of the present study is to explain the strategy of intelligence management in the law enfocement management of security crises based on intelligence aristocracy in such a way that it is possible to achieve an optimal level of situational awareness and intelligence aristocracy by timely use of accurate and reliable news and information for operational excellence and effective crisis management, especially in Security incidents were achieved based on the mission communicated by the hierarchy.

 The present descriptive, analytical article was written by examining and combining two trends from the field of management studies with library and documentary methods and using reliable scientific sources as well as in-depth interviews with experts in the field of writing and the formal and content validity of the proposed model using the opinion of the experts has been confirmed. The statistical population in this research was the experts of several intelligence oganizations and based on the results, the answers converged after 18 interviews.

 In the conclusion of their findings, the authors explained the role of 10 basic principles of intelligence management, including "intelligence gathering", "intelligence processing", "intelligence storage and retrieval", "intelligene security", "intelligence overload and information resources". Documenting", "Intelligence analysis", "Intelligence-based decision-making", "Dissemination of intelligence according to prudence and protection considerations" and "Technical platform" with an emphasis on three triple principles (speed, accuracy and precision) within the time stages of security crisis management. before, during and after the crisis) based on which law enforcement policies of security crises are guided in an intelligence-oriented manner.

The present article has been compiled with the aim of identifying effective Intelligence and Security factors as one of the dimensions of government organizations' interaction in security crisis management and tries to identify Intelligence and Security components and indicators in this type of interaction using the theories of experts and scientists. This research is applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of method. The statistical population of this research is academic experts, experts, commanders and managers in the field of security, Police who have scientific and practical backgrounds. In the qualitative section, data were collected and analyzed through thematic analysis through interviews with 38 people. In the quantitative section, 46 people with a researcher-made questionnaire whose CVI, CVR and combined reliability were confirmed. Data were collected and analyzed in a three-level factor validation model in Smart PLS software. After thematic analysis of the transcripts of the interviews, 4 indicators were calculated for each of the components of the Supreme National Security Council, national security, security of the province and the city. In the analysis of quantitative data showed that the most important indicators in the components are: Use facilities to deal with threats, dealing with threats, anomalies and problems, Members' interaction with council decisions and Consult the council with elites and scientists. So Intelligence and Security components with counted indicators are effective on Security Crisis Management Interaction.

Iran has been attacked by the US and its allies in economic, cultural, social, media and military affairs for many years. The unrest that took place in some parts of Iran in 2018 is an example of the synergy of the enemy plan as well as the mismanagement of the country's economic and policy makers. However, some were trying to blame the protests on their political opposition. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully examine the flows of these events in the form of an active preventive program, to create a safe environment for intentional or inadvertent acts of public opinion. The purpose of this study was to identify the root causes of the protests and their various dimensions, as well as to provide strategies for dealing with this type of inflamed situation. Therefore, this research is an inductive and exploratory productive concept with qualitative content analysis conceptualization strategy. The results of this study, in addition to analyzing the events, should be used as a shield against future events.

The theory of social movement, by virtue of the interaction and interaction of its three functional areas, namely political opportunities, mobilization structures and frameworks, is capable of addressing the complex and fluid dynamics that a country runs through its social-security crises. The question of the present article is how political opportunities play a role in security crises. The assumption is based on the fact that political opportunity by investing in the stability or instability of the elite complex, the relative openness or obstruction of the state system, the capacity or tendency of the state to suppress and the existence or absence of united elites on the occurrence or control of effective security crises LT is. Therefore, the present paper tries to show the usefulness, efficiency and effectiveness of political opportunities in the occurrence of security crises by retrieving key dimensions and components of the theory of political opportunity structure and recognizing its theoretical capabilities. The results of this study show two dimensions of stability or instability Among the range of elites and the relative openness or obstruction of the system of governance to the other two and the four components of the ethnic, religious and racial divisions, the convergence between the elites, the active participation of the community and the media among the twenty components examined, have an impact on the occurrence of security crises ratio Have other dimensions and components.

The young Iraqi government, which is the outcome of the post-2003 state-building process, has always been affected by a number of structural and institutional problems in the social and political fields and has encountered numerous security crises. Employing an explanatory-analytical method and relying on data collected through interviews and documentary studies, this research is intended to answer the question of what the Iraqi security and political-social vulnerabilities are. The social gaps in Iraq, as well as its political-legal system, have resulted in security crises. The erupted social gaps in Iraq have increased social divergence and have prevented the development of national identity as a prerequisite of the establishment of a national government. Furthermore, the associative democracy that has been traditionally imposed on the Iraqi political structure has resulted in deeper social gaps while creating a crisis of inefficiency and illegitimacy.