تهدیدات

Threats and hybrid wars are among the concepts that have become frequent in the new era. In order to achieve their strategic goals, actors of hybrid threats use a wide range of methods from cyber attacks, political propaganda, strengthening discontent and community building, political orientation, subversion, sabotage, economic blackmail, recruitment, networking, etc. in order to realize their plans. They are especially used in the field of armed forces. In response to mixed and dynamic threats, the aim of this research is to provide a model of alertness and intelligence of Faraja employees against threats.

The research method is mixed and applied. In the qualitative stage, by analyzing the content of articles and documents through MAXQDA software, the themes of alertness and intelligence of employees are identified, in the next stage, the reliability of the researcher-made questionnaire is calculated based on the content analysis, and in the final stage, the questionnaire is distributed and then From factor loading calculation and Friedman's test, the result has been evaluated with the CMMI maturity model.

The results of the qualitative phase were identified in the three main groups of emotional intelligence, intelligence quotient and emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence. In the quantitative phase, the reliability coefficient was 92%, and in the descriptive statistics phase, the maturity level of the calculated indicators was determined in the interaction of humans with technology for alertness and intelligence (with 40.3%), organizational cognitive sciences in alertness and intelligence (with 48.5%), Individual cognitive sciences in alertness and intelligence (with 48.2%) and are in the second level of the CMMI maturity model, i.e. the organized level.

Security policy making is one of the most important security issues of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the reason for this is that the Islamic Republic of Iran, as a country with its own strategic geographical position, has always been exposed to a multitude of threats at different levels in the contemporary world. Security For the security of the country and to deal with threats, it seems necessary to pay attention to the policies of how to deal with such threats in the field of security. The purpose of this research is to understand the security policy according to the top documents of the Islamic Republic of Iran, which were announced by the Supreme Leader. The main question is that according to the documents of the Islamic Republic of Iran, to what extent and to what degree is it effective and responsive to current issues in times of crises and threats? Security is used in upstream documents and it is considered as applied research, and the method used in data analysis is qualitative method. The preliminary findings of the research indicate that the upstream documents of the Islamic Republic of Iran pay special attention to security policy in all dimensions. Security policy, national security, threats and upstream documents are the things that are discussed in the twenty-year vision document and development laws, including the fifth law of development.

Nowadays, Spatial planning which is actually the result of regulating the relationship between man, space and human activities in space, is knowledge between different discipline which has a multiple nature and is obtained from the overlap of various military, economic, sociological, geographical, etc. In order to create lasting security and comprehensive and continuous defense of each country needs a strategic model of territorial defense planning, it’s proved that a territory needs to recognize the threats posed to that land in the past, and especially in the future. This research has been done using quantitative and qualitative data sets, therefore the research method of this research is mixed with the approach and using a descriptive-analytical method. The realm of application of the research is the time until the results are stable and the research area of this research in terms of application is the territorial space of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The subject area of research is related to the field of defense sciences and geography of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this research, after reviewing the theoretical literature, documents and opinions of experts and consulting with professors and consultants and compiling a questionnaire and doing accurate work and statistical analysis of the research has been done. The statistical population of the research includes all documents related to the subject of the research and experts and experts.

The strategic plan is the result of the strategic planning work for strategic management in which several topics and components are defined, explained or prescribed. An important part of this planning is to explain or determine things such as principles, foundations, doctrine, values, policies and goals (qualitative and quantitative), which are called guiding elements.In the for Key Infrastructure Protection of Metropolitan Against Threats, one of the sub-goals is to achieve the guiding elements of the plan in the form of principles, values, objectives and vision, which due to the importance of each of these components in this research, only to present the principles and The values governing the plan have been discussed.The method of this research is descriptive-analytical, and the necessary data in this research has been collected using documentary and library studies, questionnaires, interviews and intellectual interaction with elites in the field of urban infrastructure.In order to calculate the principles through the review and analysis of the upstream research documents in the field of infrastructure protection, and for the calculation of the values, the analysis of the interpretation of the verses of the Holy Quran and the statements and guidelines of Imam Khamenei in the field of the city and urban infrastructures has been done, the results of which are after Review and analysis, validation and prioritization are presented in the form of 10 principles and 9 values.

media literacy in the Iranian society has caused many harms and threats in political, social and ... dimensions. And the current research seeks to identify and prioritize the most important injuries and threats in this field. Therefore, the research question is: What is the disadvantages and threats of media literacy poverty in Iranian society and what is its priority? In this study, the scrolling method was used and was obtained by the questionnaire tool, the opinion of 40 communications experts, media management, media literacy and security issues. According to the results, political threats are more prominent than other threats, and polarization of social space, reducing citizens' political confidence in the Islamic Republic of Iran and other cases are the most important threats. To address these threats, solutions such as timely and comprehensive

The aim of this study; Investigating and counting the threats to the security environment of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The security environment can be considered as a geographical area in which threats and opportunities are created for a country. In the western and southwestern part of the country; That is, from the Khosravi border to the beginning of the Azadegan plain in Khuzestan province, it is the refuge of people who are of Iranian origin and have always been the propagandists of the original Islamic and Iranian values. The existence of this ethnicity has opportunities, capabilities, benefits and advantages, as well as harms, threats and harms, etc. in its womb. These threats include: mines used and other explosive traps left over from the war, smuggling of weapons and ammunition, the presence of transnational forces, the occurrence of some fires in the border strip, smuggling, etc. from these areas. Is. The research method is historical-qualitative (thematic analysis) and its statistical population includes primary documents and historical sources as well as interviews with knowledgeable people or information gatekeepers. The sampling method was purposeful. The results show: This context: It has requirements and opportunities that, if used and mobilized, can turn many threats into suffocating seeds, even turn them into opportunities. The enormous material, spiritual, media, and intellectual investment of the arrogant front, on the other hand, presupposes the possibility of the tendency of some weak and careless elements towards them.

One of the elements and components of a security-related theory is the levels of security in different aspects. No researches are reported to have studied levels of security, especially in its political aspect. Thus this research work seeks to explain levels of political security and its threats in the Islamic security system from the viewpoint of the Qur’ān and tradition, hadith. To achieve this aim, the Qur’anic statements together with prophetic statements concerning levels of political security and its threats have been inferred drawing upon the analytical-inferential method. The findings of this article show that there are statements in the Qur’ān and Islamic traditions that, on the one hand, signify five levels of political security in the Islamic security system: individual or personal, social, national, regional and international and on the other hand show that each of the mentioned planes may be existentially threatened by other levels.

The growing trend of technology and the threat areas expansion on the one hand and defense and security theories on the other emphasize the importance that due to the existence of threats and the occurrence of new generation wars, it is always necessary to enhance the preparedness of defense with threat monitoring. Impulsive air strikes using a variety of modern equipment and weapons are the first wave of attacks in wars, in which air defense systems are considered the first line of conflict and the first priority in defense issues. Therefore, threat identification required to acquire defense readiness and addressing the threats in each area, can strengthen the ability to counter. The main purpose of this study is to present a model of aerospace threats with a futuristic approach using mixed analysis. In order to enumerate the dimensions and components of the initial proposed model, the statistical population including 10 experts in the field of air defense AJA was used. In order to proposed model survey, the statistical population including qualified employees of NPAJA, the network of aerospace defense researchers in AJA study centers (220 people) was used by random sampling method. Data collection tools were interview, Delphi technique and questionnaire and for data analysis, SPSS statistical analysis software and AMOS structural equation model were used. Findings show that threats have a significant effect on the type of action and the type of tactical action on performance. And the results show that the model has a good fit and the highest impact factor related to active defense measures on performance is 83.9% and the total of active and passive defense measures show 89.1% of changes in performance.

The purpose of the present study is to analyze the threats to the domestic and foreign national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran and its impact on public policy. In this regard, in addition to the comprehensive approach to national security threats, with a comprehensive and thorough approach, using the new approach of national security studies, the country's national security threats were examined in four categories: Military- Intelligence, Economic, Cultural-Political, and Environmental- Resources. In the next step, these threats were prioritized using the hierarchical analysis method. The results showed that the military-intelligence is the most important criterion among other criteria, so the security strategies of the system based on the sub-indicators mentioned in it are the most important area for allocating human and financial capital to deal with threats. Military-intelligence threats are more prominent than other threats, and among the group's threats, it has a higher threat from security and intelligence experts. National Security Experts have emphasized the importance of the military-intelligence, espionage, and influence among various options.

Pakistan has been one of the most unstable, crisis-ridden countries in the world since independence, but it has always had a special geopolitical and strategic importance during the Cold War and after the Cold War, especially after 9/11 and the United States has given Pakistan a prominent place in the fight against terrorism. Therefore, the main question of this study is what are the most important factors of tension and threat, based on geopolitical sovereignty in the relations between Iran and Pakistan. The research is descriptive-analytical. The required information has been collected by the library method and referring to reliable sources. Regarding to the answer of main question of the research, it is hypothesized that considering the internal situation of Pakistan and the unresolved problems of this country with its neighbors, it seems that Pakistan, despite the 987 km border with Iran, is threatening and a source of tension.

Survey of rivals, collides and conflicts of religions and cultures are considered fundamental issues of cultural studies (contrast), and it is suitable geopolitical issues to study. In the contemporary age, conflicts among Islam. Jew and west civilization stemmed from traditions and views of Christianity religion are of very important and many parts of cultural studies have dedicated to it. Europeans attempts to control and overcome Middle East and Iran date back to British attack, crusaders and romans. The west knew that the most way to take and permanent hegemony on a territory is to dwell there.. Findings of the research show that America and west to prevent of unity of Islamic countries and seize of theirs sources use several technics including Yinon plan. Progression of the Arab and Israel peace plan, prevention of exert or apply power of Iraq on the pricing and direct supply of oil, showing Iran. Iraq and Syria as a danger and in result, making excuse to long presence in this countries and imposition pressure to break of these countries to distance them from Iran and resistance countries, prevention of export of Islamic revolution are most important of goals of the west and Yinon plan.

Turkey with knowledge about the possible future development of water resources and political upcoming conflicts, the massive dam construction project has been implemented since 1970, According to evaluations, is the world's fifth dam construction plan. The implementation of this project has negative effects on the ecosystem of Turkey's neighboring countries such as the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, and Syria, and has been carried out in accordance with international conventions without regarding the water rights of other countries. For this reason, this article seeks to answer the question, what threats can the GAP project create to the region and the Islamic Republic of Iran? The hypothesis of the article is influenced by the theoretical framework of the Copenhagen School, which shows that the continuation of this situation will engage the Islamic Republic of Iran and the West Asian region with environmental threats, which according to the new definitions of security and threat, will lead to political and security problems. In this research, by examining the dimensions of the Dam construction project in Turkey and its consequences for the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, and Syria, it is proposed to refer to international conventions in the field of international waterways and also to regulate regional legal and political actions Against to this project, managed this critical situation. The method used in this research is descriptive-explanatory based on library resources.

Geopolitical factors have impact on Islamic Republic of Iran’s defense strategy including all factors in the framework of geography, politics and power. Based on literature, geopolitical factors are consisted of six categories namely natural, human and cultural, economic, political, military and scientific and technological. This paper only focuses on the military factor. The research was carried out as a type of applied developmental one based on field case study methodology. Data collection was through fieldwork and deskwork with a sample size of 73 which were analyzed using expert analysis methods. The aim of this research is achieving the role of military geopolitical factors in defense and security strategy of Islamic Republic of Iran originated from Iraq. Iraq is not a threat for Iran presently. The main enemies are USA and Takfiri terrorist groups who threaten Iran using the space and geography of Iraq. The conclusions imply that 21 military geopolitical factors have impact on Iran’s defense strategy in the framework of strengthening, weakening, opportunistic and threatening context. Data analysis shows that 4 factors have role but are not effective, 3 factors have both features simultaneously. After calculation of strategic positioning it was concluded that Islamic Republic of Iran is in the mild aggressive position. Using the opportunities and strengths the weaknesses and threats can be overcame.

Effective use of information superiority in military engagements creates an active environment for the commander to implement innovative strategies, operational principles, and combat maneuvers as efficiently as possible. On the one hand, ignoring any threat in the field of self defense military intelligence can have a direct impact on the progress of the enemy's operations and ease of achieving its objectives, and on the other hand, modern information technology changes the tactics, techniques, and practices that enhance the capabilities of the information collecting systems, particularly in the area of "remote sensing". This capability itself can be considered a special feature for any commander in controlling the operational forces and upgrading the battlefield management before, during and after the attack or defense. This research explores the nature of exploration in order to provide part of the need to develop a passive defense strategic model to counter "remote sensing" threats, in which the foundation's data theory strategy is used. Data were collected and analyzed simultaneously. In the quantitative phase, the questionnaire was developed by purposeful sampling method in the target population. Prioritization of variables was determined by Friedman test and finally, qualitative prioritization was performed using quantitative data and it was determined that radar, thermal, hyperspectral, multispectral (optical), panchromatic (optical), Laser (Lidar), and Passive Microwave sensors have higher priority than other remote sensing threats.

Social uprising in the Middle East and North Africa that started in late 2010 has affected on foreign policy of the states of this region. Also, this development has influenced on Saudi Arabia’s foreign policy, as one of the most important actors in the Middle East. The Saudi Arabia’s foreign policy orientation toward the uprising was supporting to collapsing states in Libya and Syria on the one hand, and military intervention in Bahrain and Yemen for maintaining their regimes on the other hand. This orientation on Saudi Arabia’s foreign policy is caused to this question: «how the paradoxical foreign policy of Saudi Arabia toward Islamic Awakening is noticeable?» To answer this question we use Neoclassical Realism theory and examine the role of external and internal factors in shaping Saudi Arabian foreign policy, simultaneously. This article has been conducted using descriptive-analytical method.

This paper uses a descriptive-analytical method and using library resources, while investigating the cyberspace to address the challenges of governance in cyberspace from the perspective of international law and Iran. The results of this study indicate that cyberspace, government power and national governments, as well as their sovereignty over national space. Cyber space can lead to the birth and growth of anti-government forces, declining government's accountability to citizens, increasing the power of maneuvering antigovernment forces, whether on the scale of citizenship and national space, on a global and global scale, and in general, threats, weaknesses, collapse and displacement. The place of the governments and national governments and their values, and the replacement of rival forces and the reduction of their sovereignty. Therefore, considering the capabilities of the cyberspace and the characteristics of the sovereignty structure in the world and Iran, Iran has been exposed to these challenges and threats that must be addressed by the sovereignty and the government to overcome this challenge and threats. To reduce or eliminate against themselves; therefore, considering the opportunities and capabilities of the cyberspace to identify threats against the sovereignty and take appropriate measures to counteract them.

The main purpose of this research is to explain the sphere of influence, studying and studying the effects of satellites in families and ways to deal with it. The method used in research based on the purpose of exploratory research and in terms of data type, is a qualitative research. This article is descriptive and has been added to the sample data with the help of a qualitative analysis method. Media performs and performs important functions for mental imagery. Today, the ever-increasing influx of satellite and cinematic films, which are the result of the emergence of advanced technology and communications, have laid the foundations for the beliefs and ethics of rich cultures. The media are trying to shape their mental image to others as they wish. Even if they are not in the real world. In fact, they are directing and directing the public's thoughts to the point of view with a mental image. It can be said that the ultimate goal is the media threats, the formation of the environment and the threat of the family institution of the Islamic religion, and in the meantime, more than all Islamic societies, the isolation of the "Islamic Republic of Iran" is in their agenda. Despite the laws and regulations adopted on the prohibition of the use of satellite in Iran and the explicit opposition to immitations by its unusual use, in this study, the statistics taken from the unusual use of advanced technology, supported by Western media empowerment, And most of them are alarming to cover and receive satellite programs. In the study after the conclusion, proposals have been made to address the threats posed by satellite use.