دفاعی

Today, the positioning of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the geometry of power and role-playing at the regional and extra-regional levels has attracted the attention of many transnational actors to prevent the Islamic Republic of Iran from playing a role in global developments by creating threats. The research method in this article is a mixed method (quantitative-qualitative). In this research, SPSS statistical software was used to describe and analyze the data. Also, the current research is practical in terms of its purpose, and the nature of the current research is exploratory. The aim of the current research is to identify the extra-regional security-defense threats of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The statistical population of the current research is academicians, army and country officials, 100 of whom were selected through snowball sampling. The question of the current research is what are the extra-regional defense-security threats of the Islamic Republic of Iran and which one has the most impact. Based on the research results, defense-security threats are the most important with an average rating of 5.92. Then economic threats are in second place with an average rating of 44.15. Political threats are in the third place with an average rank of 4, and cultural-social threats are in the fourth place with an average rank of 3.65. Environmental threats with an average rank of 2.28 and geographical threats with an average rank of 1.01 have been assigned the 5th and 6th place, respectively.

Defense policy is a framework for coordinating military, economic, political and cultural tools by the government to remove or repel threats and establish stability and security in the country, and its formulation, like other national policies, requires the observance of certain principles and rules. Achieving the goals of defense policy, which includes: eliminating or repelling threats, preventing war, resolving regional conflicts, strengthening and increasing power, etc., requires that the formulated policies have favorable characteristics in order to be able to face threats. The future and the environment full of instability, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity should be responsive. On the other hand, defense policies in the Republic of Iran are formulated in accordance with revolutionary principles and ideals and in the direction of confronting the threats of global arrogance, so the main question of this article was formed in the minds of the researchers as follows: "The characteristics of desirable defense policies What are the J.A. of Iran?", therefore, the researchers seek to identify and quantify the "characteristics of the desirable defense policies of the J.A. of Iran".This research is considered to be an applied-developmental type and the research method, which is mixed with the approach, was carried out using descriptive-analytical method. The size of the statistical population of this research is 30 people. Analysis and analysis of the information and data obtained from the study of sources have been described and analyzed in a qualitative way, and the information obtained from the questionnaire has been analyzed using the method of structural equations with the partial least squares approach and using the PLS software. The results of the research showed that the features of Iran's favorable defense policy are in three dimensions: "internal, external and general" and there are 62 features.

According to the discourse of the Islamic Revolution and the transnational goals of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Supreme Leader played an effective role in defining the cognitive foundations and structural metaphors emerging from the school of authentic Islam in order to explain the diplomacy of resistance through targeted, stable and constructive communication with the Muslim people of the region. And the Islamic world has. His Holiness in order to promote values and activate the components of intelligent power in the framework of transnational resistance with emphasis on defense doctrine; It has provided the ground for the spiritual export of the Islamic Revolution, the production of soft power, the provision and promotion of the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the Islamic awakening among the Islamic Ummah and other oppressed people of the world.Based on that, the language of Islamic resistance diplomacy is identified in international politics, which emphasizes dignity and authority, independence and security, sustainable peace and stability and new regional order with a forward-looking defense strategy. This article is in response to the main question, "What is the role of the Supreme Leader in explaining resistance diplomacy with emphasis on defense doctrine?" using the descriptive-analytical method (documents-library); This assumption was tested that the supreme leader of the revolution, by explaining the defense doctrine and using communication, organizational and institutional methods, played a decisive role in giving life and direction to the model of the Islamic resistance movement at the regional level.

Covert diplomacy covers a wide range of positions, from quasi-official behind-the-scenes diplomacy led by opposition groups to deniable methods such as secret diplomacy, secret spy services. Defense covert diplomacy has its own dimensions, components and indicators, the main purpose of the research is to identify the indicators of defense covert diplomacy. The type of applied research has been carried out in a contextual-case method with a quantitative approach, the data collection method is documentary and library, and the sample size is 30 people. Based on the theoretical foundations based on the rational theory or the wise actor in the framework of the positivism paradigm, 12 functions and indicators for covert diplomacy have been performed, and according to the research findings, 41 indicators for defense covert diplomacy have been obtained. The number of 39 indicators played a significant role in the defense secret diplomacy. According to the results of the research, two indicators "military exhibition and military competitions" were not confirmed.

Today, the formulation of a military doctrine is one of the most important responsibilities of the armed forces of the countries of the world, in which most countries of the world, regardless of their size, have taken steps to formulate the military doctrine of the respective country. The Islamic Republic of Iran, in order to guide and support its armed forces on the scene of war, and in general, need to develop a military doctrine to guide and guide how the armed forces will fight in leading battles. Effective, up-to-date, effective military doctrine is one of the key factors for getting defense preparedness and success for the armed forces in the face of any possible war. One of the steps in developing a military doctrine is to consider the principles and factors that influence the formation and formulation of a doctrine. In a comparative study, it has also been determined that other countries have considered some of the issues as the basis for and effective factors in the formulation of the guidelines or are considered as inputs to the peer review. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to "Explain the foundations and effective factors in formulating the military doctrine of the Islamic Republic of Iran". The type of research is of application-development type. The research approach in this cross-sectional research (quantitative and qualitative), and the case-based research method, as well as correlation between variables, have been used. The results of the research show that the effective principles in formulating the military doctrine of Islamic Republic of Iran (school, national and organizational) are: Islamic Defense Thought, Defensive Thought, Revolution Imam, Idea, National Goals and Resources, Defense-Defense Strategies, Major Defensive-Security Policies, National Strategies and Laws (Constitution, Current Rules of the Armed Forces),The factors influencing the formulation of the military strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran (organizational, sub-institutional) include: Environmental factors, technology level, imagination of the nature of future wars, geopolitical, geopolitical and geostrategic features of the country, national mobilization capability, military objectives, military experiences, existing military strategy, defense capabilities and abilities of the country.

In defensive organizations managers of logistics and support seek to accomplish designed activities in order to backup subsidiary units. Also, due to the relationship and interaction of logistics organizations with internal and external milieus, environmental changes and factors have been effective on processes of logistics and support which measurement of these effects on strategic level is more tangible. Timely realization of logistics programs requires prediction, and control of factors major impact on the success of logistics missions in providing services to the supported units. The aim of this paper is to design and explain the pattern of strategic control of the defensive organizations’ logistics and support during peace and crisis. The method of this research has been descriptive-analytical and the population and sample of this research are composed of managers and experts of logistics organizations in the army forces. In this research, the pattern of strategic control of defensive organization’s logistics and support during peace and crisis is organized with considering effective factors in explanation of pattern of determination of relation and prioritization of this factor.

A number of Western theorists in the field of security policy have regarded the national security policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran as "breaking the rules of the game" and threatening other countries. Iranian officials, in response, have argued that, contrary to such prevalent images and perceptions, the Islamic Republic not only does not pose any threats to the region and the world but instead it has played a "pacifying" role in its surrounding tense environment. This article aims at examining the salient aspects of Iran’s national security policy. More specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions: What are the goals and behavior of Iran’s foreign and defense security policies? Has Iran's defense policy been defensive or aggressive/expansionist? Which security threats are perceived in Iran's defense policy at the regional and international levels? And what are the most appropriate and effective foreign policy tools for responding to these security threats? Having reviewed Iran’s security threats and opportunities, and the policies pursued to enhance its status in the region and in the world system, the article has come to the conclusion that recent changes in the regional security environment as well as the new U.S. security strategies have had negative impact on Iran's national security.