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Introduction :

 The information revolution has significantly altered the nature of power by enhancing the capacity of soft power and reshaping the very foundations of power structures. In the past, leaders and politicians were the primary figures to determine national interests in each nation, but in the digital age, the Internet and social networks have functioned to eliminate the mediatorship, leading to the highlighted role of the individual, the emergence of public opinions, and distribution of power from the government to people and other key actors. Today, power derived from public opinions is considered by political actors as a potent instrument for accomplishing political objectives.Iran’s Twenty-Year Vision Document, looking ahead to 2025, outlines a comprehensive objective of the Islamic Republic of Iran as to attain a preeminent economic and technological position in the region while preserving its Islamic and revolutionary identity, being a source of inspiration in the Islamic world, and engaging in a constructive interaction in international relations. To secure the top economic position in the region and an influential position in the international arena, it is imperative to leverage the capabilities of the country’s diplomatic apparatus. Diplomacy serves as the executive arm of foreign policy within the framework of a country’s foreign policy doctrine. To thrive in the evolving global landscape requires possessing modern tools since the shifting global landscape demands novel tools and approaches. In today’s world, powerful governments employ soft power instruments to influence and sway societies.Diplomacy stands as one of the most critical tools for advancing a country’s national power and achieving its objectives. Leading governments have embraced digital diplomacy as a means to bolster their national brand and effectively manage their public image, thus reaching vast audiences. In the contemporary age of communication, a formidable presence on the global stage necessitates the strategic implementation of digital diplomacy, positioning it at the forefront ofa country’s public diplomacy initiatives. In this respect, the present research aimed to recognize the role of digital diplomacy as a pivotalpower-building instrument, and to incorporate it into Iran’s strategic planning.This research intended to offer a full-brown description of digital diplomacy by delving into the power-building factors of modern media. The objective was to formulate effective strategies that enhance the digital diplomacy initiatives of the Islamic Republic of Iran, thereby strengthening Iran’s influential presence in global politics and increasing Iran’s soft power as an important dimension of power. The research tried to address the pivotal question concerning the role modern media can assume within a country’s diplomatic apparatus. This would involve understanding how media can contribute to advancing national interests and bolstering a country’s influence and authority in the international arena. This research also sought to propose key indicators and strategies for advancing Iran’s digital diplomacy initiatives.

Literature Review:

Numerous case studies and comparative analyses have explored digital diplomacy, underscoring the significant impact of social media in international diplomacy. However, despite the close interconnection of technology, diplomacy, and soft power, there is a lack of research that systematically situates these three domains within a theoretical framework and examines international relations theories by considering the role of modern media on the power-building capacity of diplomacy.In the article titled “Shaping Public Diplomacy through Social Media Networks in the 21st Century,” Costa (2017) posits that the Internet and information and communication technology have significantly influenced the definition and performance of public diplomacy. In “Foreign Policy in an Era of Digital Diplomacy,”Adesina (2017) draws the conclusion that digital diplomacy and internet-based activities play a vital role in effectively communicating a government’s foreign policy stances to both domestic and international audiences.  In the article titled “Twitplomacy: Social Media as a New Platform for Development of Public Diplomacy,” Su (2015) argues that the impact of Internet users on the diplomatic agenda can complement political concepts. Considering the role of social media in the public diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Ameli (2017) asserts that emerging social media technologies will play a central role in diplomacy by influencing social space.Ganjidoust (2008) focuses on the profound impact of information and communication technology in the field of diplomacy. The author contends that diplomacy has experienced greater influence from technological advancements compared to other domains, primarily because of its heavy reliance on the fundamental components of information and communication. According to Ganjidoust, the developments of the information age have brought about significant transformations in both the form and substance of diplomacy.

The Delphi technique was employed for identifying indicators, while the Dimetal technique was utilized for modeling. The study used Partial Least Squares technique to test the exploratory model and analyze the reciprocal influence between variables.

The findings revealed that modern media plays a pivotal role as a complete mediator in the transfer of power to diplomacy. Through online communication, new media platforms foster interaction and networking among users. They employ activism, imagery, and psychological operations to craft their desired narrative, thus reinforce user engagement and convergence through orienting and streamlining, Ultimately, by fostering a sense of belonging, they establish identity and create opportunities within the system of diplomacy.To succeed in public diplomacy, particularly in the realm of digital diplomacy, requires a comprehensive strategy encompassing strategic goals, strategic priorities, and executive guidelines to attain the strategic goals. Concerning the Islamic Republic of Iran, the strategic goals are as follows: Making a powerful image of Iran, national branding of Iranian–Islamic identity, informing people about the policies, beliefs, and values of Iranians, and introducing opportunities and strengths. The strategic priorities of the digital diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran include Interacting with citizens and foreign populations to foster and enhance mutual relations, providing transparent information and swift responses to counter misinformation, combating online hooliganism, presenting leadership guidelines, and engaging in social listening and social monitoring. Without a thorough analysis and practical solutions to this question, it is not possible to address the needs of audience satisfactorily. The assessment of attitudes, questions, and challenges is the most critical aspect which guides the subsequent actions. Concerning interaction, it is recommended to interact with influencers, as well as political, religious, cultural, and national figures, to clarify ambiguities and foster constructive dialogues through the dissemination of pre-prepared images, messages, and video clips. Moreover, regular evaluation of the outcomes on the basis of a theory of structures and processes can help ensure the effectiveness of digital diplomacy and coordination.

National identity is the highest level of collective identity in every country. The current research aims to investigate the lived experiences of teenagers about the role of traditional and modern media in national identity and has been investigated by phenomenological method which is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in the nature of data. The statistical population of the research is all teenagers aged 12 to 18 in Ardabil city. The sample size included 17 teenage students who were selected by purposeful sampling based on the principle of theoretical saturation and the data was analyzed based on thematic analysis. The findings showed that, based on the lived experiences of the participants, the gap between knowledge, attitude and behavior towards national identity was evident in traditional and modern media, so that the national identity and its dimensions among the teenagers whose dominant media is the type of modern media is less than the teenagers whose dominant media is the type of traditional media. The national identity of teenagers who use traditional media is more formed, coherent and real, and the national identity of people who use modern media is unstable and numerous. An identity that can be called a transnational or global identity according to some characteristics. Teenagers with the dominant consumption of traditional media have tried to protect the traditional sources of national identity. On the other hand, the teenagers with the dominant consumption of modern media have represented themselves in favor of a global or cosmopolitan identity.

The Aim of the Research is to Explain the Role of New Media as a Tool of Soft Power in Government Diplomacy and a Hybrid Research Approach Which Is From The Delphi Technique for Extracting and Summarizing the Variables of Soft Power, New Media and DiplomacyAnd to Achieve the Relationships Between the Factors of the Qualitative Sector in the Form of a Model of the Dimtel Technique, And to Test the Exploratory Model and Analyze the Mutual Effects of These Variables on Each Other, Partial Least Squares Technique Was Used Collecting Information Is a Combination of Documentary and Field Methods, But the Basis of Analysis Is The Data Collected From The Delphi Method. The Measurement Tool Is a Structured Questionnaire With a Likert Format The Sample Size Is 15 in the Qualitative Section and 60 in the Quantitative Section and the Statistical Population Consists of Diplomats, Journalists and Professors of Political Science and Communication. Sampling Method is Non-Probability Purposeful and Virtual Snowball. The Findings of the Research Showed that New Media Has a Positive and Meaningful Effect on the Relationship Between Soft Power and DiplomacyAnd The Role of New Media is the Complete Mediation of the Transfer of Power to Diplomacy. In other Words, in the Age of Communication, The Need to Have a Powerful Presence in the World Arena Is to Use New Media at the Head of the Country's Public Diplomacy Apparatus.

The idea of this article is: the identify of power, specidy cultural power, has changed by emerging of New Media. The present study using descriptive-correlation method, analysis the effect of new media on the soft power of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research findings showed that there was a significant positive relationship (r = 0.519) between new media and national culture at a significant level less than p <0.05. As the new media (10%) explains the variance of national culture. There was also an inverse relationship between the media of religion and religious culture at a significant level less than p <0.05 (r = 0.119). As 9.4% of the variance of religious culture is explained by new media, there is a significant positive relationship between national culture and soft power (r = 0.775) and religious culture and soft power (r = 0.924) at less than 05 There was / 0> p. While among some subscales of new media and national culture and religious culture, it has had a negative effect and in some other subscales it has had a positive effect on the level of culture of individuals.

The role of cyberspace in legislation with an approach to the public sphere means how much the needs, values and norms of citizens are reflected in the legislation of laws with an approach to cyberspace. Regarding the fact that cyberspace is the place for emergence and representation of citizens' demands, how much do legislators make use of the cyberspace in order to legislate? For this purpose, the qualitative method of grounded theory was used to conduct this research. The statistical population is parliament members and according to data saturation and theoretical saturation the sample size is 45 interviews that have been analyzed using ATLAS.ti software. First, open axes were extracted from the interviews and eight intermediate indices were calculated. These indicators were categorized in the two major indexes. The index of accelerating the use of cyberspace with the axes of network awareness, information retrieval, information dissemination and coordination, and the deterrence index with the axes of lack of infrastructure, inability to use, propaganda attack and one-sided view. Due to lack of the official and interactive website of the parliament members, through new coding of the interviews, the requests of the parliament members from the Technology Center of the Parliament were re-examined to create a site for organizational communication, obtaining information on citizenship demands in the form of polls as well as communicating with citizens and elites. The result showed that, the only way to establish formal communication in cyberspace, is to have a formal cyberspace with a law-making approach.

The components that shape the Soleimani school have different dimensions and in the direction of psychic and horizon, which is manifested in the framework of how his personal action, knowledge and insight are constructed, and by using central core and identity-building, he has been able to create a coherent set of equivalence and regular chains. And follow the progressive in his monotheistic life. Such a school, which is based on a monotheistic paradigm and is a meaningful infrastructure and context for the activities of Martyr Soleimani, is based on cultural and ideological themes. Naturally, the set of components and elements in this paradigm that is supposed to play a role in this school and take steps towards its lofty goals, it is necessary to be in harmony with the value, insight and action systems in the personality of the martyr. The media is considered as one of the tools through which this idea is spread in various forms and themes and can act as an extension of school propositions in the field of geomedia to create poles of cohesive, geopolitical and geostrategic media. The present article, while examining the salient components of the Soleimani school's discourse, seeks to answer with a descriptive and analytical approach the question of what components or central and discourse idiots are in the style of  the Soleimani school's and what role or roles it can play in exercising the school's discourse power. Findings show that the Soleimani school-style media has a normatively monotheistic worldview, with social responsibility towards the people, add to Velayat, trans-sectoral discourse power, anti-colonialism and support for the oppressed.

With the amazing emergence and expansion of the Internet, everything has changed wonderfully in the field of communication, and the scene and arrangement of contrasts has undergone a transformation. Concepts such as "power" and "culture" have also changed, and now "cultural power" has been raised as the basis of national power. The role of "new media" in increasing the "soft power" of a country is more serious and plays an important role in the transformation and shaping of the power of each country. This research uses a descriptive and analytical method to examine the evolution of power, the formation of power and the components of power, and then to study "leadership" and "modern media" as two basic elements of soft power elements, and with Considering the ability of the enemies to surround and use the new media in an effort to exert pressure on the crisis in the Islamic Republic of Iran, referring to the views and views of the Supreme Leader, derived from the pure roots of Islam and the Quran, as an appropriate approach and model And he is an advocate of management and defense against the invasion of new media.

New communication technologies as the most important human achievement of the 20th century have transformed the various facets of contemporary human life within three decades by connecting the foundations and superstructures of human material and spiritual life. Today, threatening environments against the interests of nations and governments are not just confined to the land; the virtual world is also a threatening environment. Cyber-terrorism is one of the most important emerging threats that has made its activities international by using Internet capabilities. Considering the importance of fundamental studies in dealing with emerging phenomena in this study, this survey was conducted by a researcher-made questionnaire at the level of scholars and experts throughout the country. The role of modern media with the focus of the Internet and cyberspace on the spread of terrorism was examined The findings indicate that among the new media, cyberspace has the greatest contribution to the development and emergence of terrorist groups as new actors in the international arena.

The information revolution and the emergence of modern media have given our present lives an unprecedented and tremendous momentum that have replaced the culture of modern media with the traditional media culture such as books, newspapers, etc. Based on audio-visual media (not on deep thinking), produced without any deep thinking, modern media has broadly been welcomed. These media technologies, on the one hand, positively affect different aspects of human being life and on the other hand, have deeply changed the method and strategy of conflict and war against the enemy, which is an integral part of human societies. Therefore, using the world-wide spread technologies in modern media, the war has been led to the Soft War in the virtual arena, from the classic and real war. As a matter of fact, the Soft War is a war based on media software and an indirect war with minimum cost. In the Soft War, the objectives do not change and the collapse and the transformation take place in the inside sovereignty of an enemy country. However, there is a fundamental change in the weapons and the media is main weapons used against the enemy. However, the question which comes to mind is that why modern media has been chosen as a weapon for Soft War and what the purpose of the Soft War is. The present study has been done using a descriptive-analytic method and the results indicate that modern media is of superior properties compared to the other weapons, giving a better option to make inside changes in the opposing parties and governments. Therefore, modern media has been chosen as Soft War to achieve their objectives such as, reference making , replacing world culture instead of national cultures, publicizing materialism, redefining social relationships and demands of the citizens, raising doubt in the effectiveness of the political system, etc..

The new mass communications technology, such as social media and network, began a different era for spectrum of political discourses in the term of contents, dealing with crises and influences on the recent surroundings. Usage of these devices and technologies could change the style of promotion of ideas in the society. New technology can facilitate the effective interaction between individuals, groups, movements and beneficiaries in handling of crises. In this research, the hypothesis is referring to the new political participation by means of new social media like internet, social network (face book, twitter), cell phones, weblogs, chat rooms and Emails. In a political sociological perspective, a great number of young, unemployed Egyptians who had suffered from the tyranny of Mubarak took advantages of the new communicational tools and lead the process of a protest. This research will concentrate on the role of these new tools as accelerator of Egypt 2011 January 25 uprising.