نظام انتخاباتی تناسبی

The desirable electoral system of the Islamic Council is one of the most important issues that has always been the concern of policy makers, legislators and the legal community. This importance caused the notification of the general election policies in 2015 to specify the necessary criteria for amending the law of the parliament elections. Examining the background of this issue shows that in the context of the parliamentary electoral system, the identification of the ideal model based on general election policies has not been investigated so far, and for this reason, this work qualifies as innovative. Also, considering the position of the general policies of the system in the normative hierarchy of the country, which according to Article 110, Clause 2 of the Constitution, is under the authority of that authority to supervise their proper implementation, and that based on Clause 15 of the General Legislation-Information Policies of 2018- Obviously, one of the priorities of legislation by the Islamic Council should be the implementation of general policies, the subject of this article is considered a necessity. In this article, descriptive-analytical method is used. The results of this research show that the single-seat majority electoral system has been introduced as a desirable model and is more compatible with the electoral criteria mentioned in general election policies, whose legislative preparations have also been proposed in the government and parliament.

Elections today, as one of the main pillars of current democracies, play a very important role in citizen participation and oversight of the performance and decisions of the agents of different political systems.In the meantime, the parliamentary elections of each country have a different position in accordance with the model of the electoral system of that country, which can be based on powerful parties. The history of more than a century of parliament in Iran, with a majority electoral system since 1285, today has shortcomings that are on the verge of finding a suitable alternative in the form of provincialization of constituencies. But the main question is what kind of electoral system should this alternative be based on so that it can be highly efficient and effective while strengthening the party? The article seeks to answer the above question by assuming that the proportional electoral system is the best possible alternative that can lead to both independent and powerful parties and in the experience of many countries as an appropriate model, efficiency and effectiveness. Using a descriptive-analytical method and relying on the experiences of countries such as Canada, New Zealand, England and Italy, this article seeks to explain the proposed hypothesis and finally concludes that the proportional electoral system (especially in non-single-seat constituencies) Can be considered as the basis for provincialization of the Islamic Consultative Assembly elections instead of the current system.