decision making structure

The Syrian crisis is one of the most important crises in the Middle East that has experienced the arrival of regional and non-regional actors since 2011. One of the most important non-regional powers that showed effective participation in the Syrian crisis was Russia. Russia's military intervention in the Syrian crisis since 2015 has been Russia's first post-Soviet campaign outside of its privileged interests, altering the equations of the Syrian crisis and showing that Russia is and should not be an important player in the region. Less or ignored. Therefore, paying attention to the Russian model of behavior in the face of the international crisis in Syria is one of the most important issues that has been considered. Given the importance of the issue, the present study seeks to answer the important question of what Russia's behavioral pattern is in the Syrian crisis and what factors influence this pattern. In response to this question, a hypothesis is proposed that Russia's behavior pattern in the Syrian crisis has been influenced by the four factors of the structure of the international system, strategic culture, decision-making structure and geography, as a model of cooperation and competition.

Along with the victory of Islamic Revolution, a fundamental change has occurred in Iran's foreign policy. But neglecting the domain of foreign policy and international relations in the study of the role of political system domain, confront the foreign policy study domain of Islamic Republic Of Iran with special difficulties that in fact leads to the weakness in conceptualization in this domain. With regard to the area of foreign policy analysis and the achievements of this sub-domain, this article aims to answer these basic questions that: what is the Islamic Republic of Iran’s foreign policy decision-making model? Answering this question requires considering different effective levels in the analysis of foreign policy that the present study, examines this subject in three levels of decision-maker, decisionmaking structure and decision-making orientation of foreign policy as main effective elements in foreign policy decision-making and their role in foreign policy decision-making, hoping that it can illustrate the action and decision-making logic and also effective structural and organizational factors affecting on the Islamic republic of iran’s foreign policy.