human capital

National security, as a prerequisite for the survival and advancement of any country, plays a fundamental role in preserving values, identity, economic development, and enhancing public trust. Nevertheless, the lack of relative consensus on the definition of national security and the mechanisms for its realization can lead to growing challenges in the path of national development and progress. This article examines how the concept of national security, the challenges it faces, and the strategies for addressing them are understood and explained from the perspective of the political elites of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The main objective of this study is to answer the fundamental question: How is the concept of national security, its major challenges, existing strengths, and strategies for its enhancement understood and interpreted by three distinct groups of Iran’s political elites (executive, academic, and seminary)? To achieve this aim, a qualitative research method—specifically, thematic analysis—was employed. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with selected elites from each group, and the content of these interviews was meticulously analyzed. The findings reveal that the elites studied hold an integrated view of national security, encompassing both objective and subjective dimensions. However, objective factors (such as military and economic threats) received considerably more emphasis in the interviews compared to subjective factors (such as values and identity). Moreover, the majority of interviewees adopted an expanded view of security, asserting that national security goes beyond the preservation of borders and military defense to include economic, social, cultural, and environmental dimensions. Theoretically, the dominant perspective among the political elites combines elements of the realist school (emphasizing power and national interests), constructivism (emphasizing the role of values and identity), and the Copenhagen School (emphasizing the broadened concept of security). Additionally, the study shows that the political elites identify three main priorities regarding national security: The absence of a coherent and effective doctrine on national security to guide policymaking and action; the country’s unparalleled human capital as its greatest strength for enhancing national security; a focus on political and economic reforms as the primary strategy for addressing security challenges, rather than relying solely on military and security approaches. This study demonstrates that the political elites of the Islamic Republic of Iran view national security as a complex and multidimensional concept requiring a comprehensive and balanced approach. At the same time, they emphasize the importance of political-economic reforms, the utilization of human capital, and the formulation of a coherent national security doctrine. These findings can assist policymakers and decision-makers in developing and implementing more effective and efficient national security policies.

The performance of military organizations depends on the amount of physical and mental strength of human capital. The current research aimed to identify the obstacles to the participation of military organization employees in sports activities. This research method was quantitative and exploratory, descriptive, analytical, and practical, and the statistical population consisted of employees of the organization. Three hundred eighty-seven individuals were selected by random and accessible sampling. The main tool of this research was a researcher-made questionnaire. The KMO index and Bartlett's test were used to check the validity of the questionnaire, and experts confirmed it. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.85. The results demonstrated that the management, infrastructure, human, and cultural components were ranked first to fourth level. The number of subjects who participated in sports and physical activity per week for less than 30 minutes (20.9%) was in first place, and about 180 minutes (4.9%) in last place. The amount of participation in sports programs to achieve the necessary physical resistance was far from the standard. Most employees exercise less than 90 minutes weekly, far from optimal conditions. According to the results, modifying the management approaches and processes in the sports field, strengthening the infrastructure training, and changing the attitude of employees can provide the basis for the maximum participation of employees in sports activities.

Effectiveness of innovative human capital performance of knowledge-based herbal pharmaceutical companies and adopting forward-looking strategies to achieve it is important. aim is to provide an effective innovative human capital.

Research approach is mixed. targeted sampling was done with 15 experts in the health sector and managers of knowledge-based herbal medicine units in the country. For model tesingt, 169 questionnaires were collected from the researchers of knowledge-based units of herbal medicine. data analysis for model discovery is based on grounded theory and structural equations for model testing.

The model with six main dimensions (market-oriented dominance), (innovative human capital), (herbal therapy cultural environment), (weakness of policy making, standardization and innovation creating valuing), (futuristic strategic management of health), (future market knowledge) and 17 components,126indicators were confirmed. the fit indices of the model were NFI=0.926, GOF=0.569 and SRMR=0.071, which indicates fit of the research model.

Managers by adopting strategies of increasing and sharing the flow of information and knowledge between specialist employees, project supervisors and other stakeholders in the supply chain - having a learning and forward-looking management style in selection, employment, training and how to behave with specialist employees in projects - adopting smart management style in business processes as market measurement, customer orientation, competition orientation, improving the quality of drug production and creating an atmosphere of win-win interaction with other knowledge-based enterprises and herbal pharmaceutical industries, can witness the effectiveness of human capital by gaining knowledge of the future market.

Since the beginning of creation, mankind has experienced various phenomena, and the most unfortunate of them are violent wars that have killed a group of people every time. Religious and historical teachings also emphasize on strengthening the defense base. The conditions governing the scene of future wars have made the improvement of defense capabilities inevitable.The vital and influential part of defense power is based on expert, professional and committed human resources. The Supreme Commander-in-Chief's menus and higher-level documents emphasize the improvement of defense capability. One of the defense sub-sectors are helicopter units, whose main component is human capital, especially pilot and technical staff. Considering the speed of development of defense technologies and the continuous evolution of the variables of the battle scene, it seems; The human capital of the helicopter units has a significant distance from the ideal situation. Researchers are looking for an answer to the question, what are the strategies for improving the human capital capabilities of helicopter units in accordance with future wars?The method of carrying out descriptive research is a mixed approach and a contextual case. Qualitative data has been completed by statistical library study and through interviews with experts and field study until theoretical saturation, and then the instrument has been developed. The questionnaire was compiled among the sample population of 90 experts with experience in distribution and strategies. The findings of the research include the strategies for improving the human capital of helicopter units in accordance with the future wars, which are presented in the form of 8 macro strategies in the conclusion section of the researc

The position of future studies in research organizations whose main mission and philosophy of existence is identifying the needs of weapons, equipment, research and presenting new products is much more prominent than other organizations. Therefore, according to the notification of the General Staff of the Armed Forces, the research and self-sufficient Jihad organizations of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army have been required to establish future research centers in order to monitor science and technology in order to create superior defense systems. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the requirements for the establishment of future research centers in the mentioned organizations. The method of carrying out the research is descriptive, in order to achieve the desired goal and answer the research questions, a questionnaire with 17 questions with a 5-option Likert scale was compiled and validated. Then, a sample of 78 people, including experts and managers of the Aja industrial research field, who were familiar with the research subject, were selected by a multi-stage random method and answered the questionnaire through the sample size estimation formula. The analysis of the data showed that an organizational forecast with formality, low concentration and high complexity should be formed in the body of the mentioned organizations, which has administrative infrastructure equipped with computer equipment and high-speed internet platform with access to strong library resources and documents. The mentioned center should have expert and quality human resources with the allocation of special organizational credits to carry out current affairs. Using influential people with high organizational credibility on a part-time basis, holding courses, future research workshops, providing university seats and the field of education for employees in modern sciences will be fruitful in advancing the goals of future research centers.

,economic development and social welfare are among the priorities of every government and government. The quality of economic institutions is one of the most important factors of development. However, due to the abstract nature of institutions, its measurement is associated with certain complexities. In this dissertation, the effect of human capital on the quality of institutions in Iran is examined.The institutional quality index presented in this study is based on Iranian provincial data for the period 2006 to 2016 and based on five components of the main indicators of good governance (accountability and the right to protest, government effectiveness, quality of regulations, rule of law and corruption control). Is. After normalizing the data, the panel data method was calculated using a two-stage least squares model (2sls) with Stata software. In order to determine whether our model in this dissertation is panel or cumulative, the F-Leimer test and analysis of its results were used and the panel model was approved. Then, using Hausmann test, it was concluded that finally the panel model with random effects should be applied to the data.According to regression coefficients, the results show a positive and significant effect of human capital on the quality of institutions in Iran. He states that the higher the human capital in the provinces, the better the quality of institutions. According to the results of this study, a one percent increase in the human capital index leads to a positive and significant increase of 0.21 in the institutional quality index.

The complexity and extent of the cyberspace and the maximum connection of the missions of the security organizations with this space has caused the security organizations to distance themselves from the desired cyber knowledge; Therefore, reducing the existing distance requires addressing the effective factors in the promotion of cyber knowledge, and the current research seeks to identify and discover these factors. The purpose of this research is to identify and introduce the factors affecting the promotion of cyber knowledge of security organizations. The statistical population of the research includes people from the information-security community who are aristocracy towards cyber knowledge. The current research is practical in terms of its purpose, which has been applied in the field method to collect information through interviews, questionnaires, library documents and websites. With a descriptive-analytical method for the analysis of the data obtained using SPSS software in such a way that in the descriptive statistics section, statistics such as frequency, mean, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis are used, and in the inferential statistics section, chi-square test and Friedman test are used. . The results show that among the three areas of “human capital”, “educational structure” and “educational technologies”, attention to “human capital” is the most influential dimension in the promotion of cyber knowledge, and the index of “people’s sense of need” is at the top of other components of this field. Is placed; In the dimension of “educational structure”, “applicability of trainings” is a higher priority than other cases, and in the field of “educational technologies”, the index of “designing educational software in the framework of the internal network” has the greatest impact on the promotion of cyber knowledge of security organizations. Gave.

Since strengthening human capital as a means of differentiating the level of development of countries, provides the basis for improving the productivity of factors of production, supporting national production and strengthening competitiveness, therefore, the role of human capital in achieving sustainable economic growth and development is doubly important. Utilizing the potential capacity of human capital leads to increasing economic resistance, establishing stability and economic security, and ultimately, achieving the goals of the resistance economy in the country. And politics at the community level threatens the national security of the country, therefore, the general policies of the resistance economy refer to the use of human capital capacity in the country. Due to the importance of this issue, in the present study, the position of human capital in the resistance economy is mentioned and due to the quality of human capital, the reports of the World Economic Forum in 2015 and 2016 have been used. In the 2015 report, Iran was ranked 80th among 124 countries in the world with a score of 63.2 (with 14 steps of improvement).

The purpose of this study is the effect of succession on human capital productivity in a military force. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of method is a descriptive survey research. The statistical population in this study is the commanders and staff of the in a military force Deputy Human Resources in Tehran, which is equal to290 people. Sampling of this research is simple random sampling. The minimum required sample size according to Cochran's formula is 165 people, of which 141 questionnaires suitable for analysis were provided to the researcher. Data collection tools in this study were researcher-made questionnaires for variables of succession and productivity of human capital, whose validity was confirmed by face and content validity and their reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS and Smart-PLS software and the research hypotheses were investigated using structural equation modeling. The results of the research show that succession has a significant effect on the productivity of in a military force human capital. Also, among the dimensions of succession planning, the evaluation dimension of the succession program has the greatest impact on the productivity of human capital in a military force.

Human capital includes knowledge, skill, innovation and other abilities of the people in the organization that help them to be successful in the activities of the organization. Human capital is the most important factor in organizational innovation and reconstruction. Many experts consider human capital to be the most valuable asset of an organization. Main part of the information in any organization is provided and developed by human resources in the form of plans, maps, policies, circulars, business correspondence, and research project documentation. Considering the importance and role of aforementioned information as a part of the most important asset and the key of the growth and success of any organization, preventing the access of unauthorized people and other threats, reduces the severity of vulnerabilities. The main purpose of this study is to determine the components and indicators of human capital affecting the information security of organizations. This study is a descriptive correlational and applied research. The statistical population of this study is 350 experts in the field of human resource management of organizations in the city of Tehran that 100 of them have been selected by random sampling and a questionnaire has been distributed among them and also 80 completed questionnaires have been collected from them. The collected data was analyzed by utilizing statistical analysis software, and finally, variables of management and leadership, personnel training, security culture, strengthening security policies, experiences and self-esteem of people were identified as indicators of human capital affecting the information security of organizations.

The Purpose of this study is to explain the development of human resources through the economics of education. The statistical population consists of academic experts in the fields of economics and education. The statistical population consists of academic experts in the fields of economics and education. The sampling process lasted until achieving data saturation and included 25 people. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. For data analysis, the qualitative Kerpenidorf method was followed, which included the organized steps of data identification, data unit coding, classification, refinement, interpretation and inference. The results showed that the components of human capital are: personal health, knowledge and skills, capabilities and assets. The components of education economics are: financing, cost effectiveness, cost efficiency, equity in budgeting and the economic value of education. Human resources will enjoy sustainable development if it is redefined from the perspective of human capital, its requirements and characteristics are met. If the education economy is managed with a capitalist approach, its trainees will achieve a variety of personal development, development of trends, capabilities, and social development. Therefore, human resource development will be achieved through the education economy based on the capitalist approach.

This research is designed and carried out to investigate the relationship between institutional quality, intellectual property rights and human capital with economic growth (case study of G7 countries). In this research, he studied the economic growth in the form of new theories of growth centered on institutional factors, and in addition to analyzing economic variables; Institutional variables in its two forms (economic institutions,property rights and political) were added to the model.Economic institutional variables are identified with the index of economic freedom and political institutions with the general title of rulers, which is based on six indicators of governance, of course, the index of democracy is The title of the political institutional variable was evaluated separately due to the different data source and the relative breadth of the discussion. The results obtained from the estimates made in this research indicate the important role of institutions in the economic performance of countries and the relevant coefficients show that good governance or in fact the institutions through which power is exercised in a country has positive effects on have economic growth and the coefficient related to the index of economic freedom and property rights as a positive economic institution is effective on economic growth among G7 countries.But in relation to the democracy index, as previous studies have shown,the effect of democracy on growth is ambiguous, but a relatively acceptable approach that can be relied on in this case is the indirect effect of democracy on growth through channels such as improving human capital

The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining a model for empowering human capital in small industries in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces. The research method is qualitative. The statistical population of the research included experts in the field of human power empowerment in the province''s industries. Targeted and saturation sampling method was used to select the participants, and there were 10 people in this research. Content analysis method was used to analyze the data. The data obtained from the interviews were identified through the classification and analysis of primary codes. By analyzing the data, 65 primary codes were identified in the form of 2 categories and 17 concepts. The psychological and structural categories form the main categories of the model. The results of the studies showed that the components are, in order, training and improvement, sharing of information and access to information, job enrichment, access to resources and equipment, monitoring and control, feedback, welfare facilities, replacement of holocracy, knowledge management, salary management, Participatory management, clarifying goals in the field of structural factors of empowerment are the most important components.

This research is applied based on the types of studies in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the quantitative section of the managers of educational centers with human factors influencing the realization of educational goals, 4933 (2564 male managers and 2369 female managers) were selected. The sample size for the statistical population was determined based on the Krejcie-Morgan table. In this table, for the statistical population which was 4933 people, the introduced sample size includes 357 people, based on the number of 186 male managers and 171 managers. The woman was chosen. For the sampling method, in the first stage, to determine educational science experts and experienced experts, judgmental non-random sampling was used based on knowledge and relationship with the subject to saturation. Research tools include interview, Delphi method questionnaire and researcher-made questionnaire with a reliability of 0.90 in general and a reliability of 0.80 for the human capital component, a reliability of 0.72 for the structural capital component, a reliability of 0.82 for the communication capital component, and a reliability of 81. 0.0 for the socio-cultural capital component and reliability was 0.78 for the regeneration capital component. Therefore, using Spss software version 21 and Lisrel software and according to the research variables, the data obtained from the implementation of the questionnaire are calculated by calculating statistics. Findings showed that the intellectual capital model of managers of organizations and educational centers consists of 70 codes, 18 indicators and 5 dimensions.

Human capital is a term which in recent decades has entered the management literature from the economy and refers to people whose assets (including knowledge, skills and expertise) are a capital for the organization. The main issue of the study is understanding of the main course of the process of human capital development according to religious teachings and the Ahlulbayt (peace be upon him) Sire (life). That’s why this research is looking to explain the implications of the Hossein’s epic in the growth of human capital and seeks to deduce the principles appropriate to the organization from this period of history by applying the content analysis method. As a result of the content analysis of this research, 531 basic themes, 80 organizing themes and 10 inclusive themes have extracted which analyzes the movement of Aba Abdullah al-Hussein (PBUH) as a growth movement for human capital (in particular) and humanity (in general), and points to the implications of this epic on human capital growth.

Characteristics and cultural characteristics affecting relations between ethnic and religious groups, the ability to establish rapport and communicate effectively in a country and the region, have a significant role. Various regions in the world, according to the geographical conditions, has a different structure from the perspective of cultural geography (Geoculture) to-be. In the area geopolitical conflict in the Persian Gulf countries geography - its cultural. this region in the era of globalization and socio-economic discourse in the third millennium of the world is, Still interact with encapsulation, influenced by traditional beliefs, ethnic, religious and cultural govern the relationship between themselves, are the. In the area of human challenges such as population growth and migration, religious differences, ethnicity, thinking that the topics discussed in this article are the traditional authoritarianism, lack of understanding and interaction play an important role in creating and The main factor among countries. The results show that the factors mentioned by the strong infrastructure (manpower and Mineral Resources) for development, continued strong role in creating a challenging and comprehensive relationship in the Persian Gulf countries.

Researches have shown that Information and communication technology (ICT) can increase knowledge and skills of employees. The purpose of this paper is to reach an interactive empowerment model of the human capital of the revolutionary guards on the basis of information and communication technology (ICT). The method of this research has been descriptive-correlational, and from the standpoint of purpose, it can be classified among applied and developmental researches. The sample in the mentioned organization includes managers and experts of the department staff. For testing the hypotheses and the conceptual model of the research structural equations model, correlation tests, confirmatory factor analysis have been used. The results indicate that there a meaningful relation between information and communication (ICT) and empowerment of human capital. Also, the results show that human capital as a mediator variable intensifies the influence of information and communication (ICT) on the empowerment of employees in the mentioned organization.

This study provides an estimate of the share of the Islamic Azad University’s human asset in gross domestic product (GDP) from viewpoint of human capital accumulation theory. The share has been estimated on the basis of Cobb–Douglas production function. In addition, share of various educational levels of this university as compared to state-run universities has been also studied on the basis of regression analysis and variance analysis. Despite limitation of time series and low variance, a preliminary estimate can be offered on this basis. According to findings, share of human capital has been bigger at graduate levels compared to post-graduate levels, and there is a meaningful difference between share of human capital in state-run universities compared to the Islamic Azad University. Of course, considering the cost of training human capital in state-run universities, which is seven times higher than the Islamic Azad University, efficiency of human capital accumulation is higher in the Islamic Azad University. However, the output of gross domestic product in relation to human capital is a fixed scale.

The panacea of justice and its different versions is the foremost ideal of human societies and the objective of establishment of governments especially the theocratic systems. The Iranian society and the Islamic Republic also stress on justice and expansion of justice more than any other time in a way that it may be claimed thatthe other hand, the Islamic Republic of Iran has issued the 20-Year National Perspective Document to all powers and related institutions in December 2003. On this basis, overall policies and development plans or executive directives have to besets out to find the guidelines for the realization of social justice in the Islamic -Year Perspective Document at the 2025 horizon. It tries todesign the desirable strategy and role for the governments as appropriate to them.On this ground, the author argues that inclusiveness and permanence constitute two major guidelines to that purpose.