islamic council

Election campaign is a political process that can include all strata, classes and geographical spaces with its own social and political circles. Considering the significant registration of candidates in the Islamic Council elections, the present research seeks to explain the factors affecting the plurality of election candidates and the opportunities, challenges, harms and consequences resulting from it in Mamsani and Rostam constituencies. The research method is descriptive-analytical in nature, and the method of gathering information is based on the observation of local and provincial news-analytical databases, the activity of virtual electoral groups (WhatsApp, Telegram, etc.) and field observations of different periods of the Islamic Council elections. It is in Mamsani and Rostam constituencies. TIn general, this conclusion has been reached that only the wide registration of candidates to gain fame and electoral coalition as a result of political/tribal (tribal) exchange cannot solve the problem of Mamsani and Rostam development. Therefore, it is necessary for the serious action of the candidates to prepare and present a development-oriented program in order to put these cities on the path of development.

The negative vote is one of the significant topics in the field of political and social studies, which will be more important during the elections. Therefore, the political behavior of election candidates is recognized as a strategic issue for democratic systems. Based on this, the current research seeks to answer the question, what is the political behavior of the candidates of the Islamic Council elections that provokes the negative vote? The research method is descriptive phenomenology; The tool for collecting information was a semi-structured interview in the research sample of 14 candidates of the Islamic Council, which was carried out using the collage analysis method. Validation of research data was done through external auditors, returning to the interviewees and in-depth description. The results showed that factors such as capturing emotions, favoring one's own interests, elitism, announcing saviorism, managing rumors and purifying and reproducing negative social capital as the political behavior of candidates for the Islamic Council elections are an effective factor in producing negative votes.

The functioning of the parliament in democratic governments on the one hand and the relationship between the executive and legislative powers in this system on the other hand plays a prominent role and it also raises the merit of responsiveness of the bureaucratic system to elected political representatives andparliamentarians. The main question of the article is that according to the status effectiveness of the islamic council in the sixth and seventh periods, which of the presidential and parliamentary models was iran,s political system close to? In this reseach work, three variables of legislative function, supervisory function, function of the parliament and relationship of the parliament with other political institutions have been studied and analyzed using archived information and qualitative research method. The result suggests that the role and influence of the islamic council as an independent authority has decreased and iran,s political system is close to the presidential system, which has been an increasing trend.

This research was carried out with the aim of identifying and determining the components of the professional ethics education model and providing a practical model for training the members of the Islamic Council, using a combined method (mixed method) of the exploratory type (qualitative-quantitative) and using From the opinions and viewpoints of 21 representatives of different periods of the Islamic Council and experts and specialists in the field of designing a professional ethics education model, through semi-structured interviews, we tried to discover and categorize 90 components of professional ethics. Representation of the Islamic Council in 10 dimensions using MaxQD software and finally, while surveying 165 representatives of the Islamic Council in the form of a questionnaire to confirm the components and dimensions obtained, a model for training These components were designed for parliamentarians. After designing the model, the validation of the model was done and the structural equation of the research was checked with pls software and the results showed that all the evaluation criteria of the measurement and structural model are at a very favorable level and therefore the model of professional ethics of parliamentarians are approved

Parliament members are not immune from monitoring and accountability for their behavior and performance, and most parliaments in the world have some type of monitoring (internal, external, or combined) on the behavior of their representatives. There is no one doubts on the necessity of the monitoring the behavior of the representatives, but there are differences in the way of monitoring and procedures. The present research aims to propose the necessity and possibility of forming a local consultative assembly in the constituencies of the country. The study method is a survey and the research sample is made up of 163 representatives of the 10 periods of the Islamic Council. To design the questionnaire, first, an in-depth interview was conducted with 12 people who had more than three terms of representation in the Islamic Council, and then a questionnaire was designed based on the interviews. Findings indicate that 94.8% of the study sample were male and 5.2% were female. More than half of the respondents had a PhD degree and the representatives of the 9th (22.5%) and 8th (19.7%) periods of the Islamic Council had the highest percentage in this category. 70.6 percent of the respondents considered the pathology of the parliament as very necessary and about 17 percent evaluated the performance of the Islamic Council in 40 years of passing legislations as successful and 76.5 percent evaluated the performance of the Islamic Council in the term of success in monitoring the performance of executive bodies as low. The results of the analysis of two variables showed that there is a significant relationship between the pathology of the performance and the reasoned and rationality of the representatives' votes on legal plans and bills, and the formation of the local consultative assembly. Based on the results of the logistic regression of gender, education, age, parliament efficiency score in the group 11-15, the level of importance of efficiency and evaluating the efficiency of the parliament has a direct effect and the efficiency score of 15-20 has a significant and inverse effect on the probability (formation) of the implementation of the local consultative assembly in the country constituencies. Based on this, to the extent that the importance of the efficiency and performance of the Islamic Council increases, the need for the elites of the field to advise the representatives, to influence the duties of representation, increases. This leads to the cooperation of more thoughts for monitoring.

Comparative study of the electoral system of the National Assembly of France and the Islamic Council of Iran" Abstract Among the interesting and important categories in legal and political issues is the study of electoral systems in different legal systems. Naturally, the comparative study of electoral systems can show the weaknesses and strengths of these systems, and modeling successful electoral systems can help to fix the flaws in other electoral systems. The electoral system of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the French Republic, while similar, also have fundamental differences. The current study aims at comparing these two electoral systems. The hypothesis of this research is that both electoral systems are similar in relation to the quality of the elections, executive electoral institutions and supervisory institutions from one side, and regarding the voting method, independence and plurality of supervisory institutions, election administrators, election campaigns and people's monitoring of the election process have clear differences from each other. The general result of this article is that the most important difference between the parliamentary elections in France and Iran is in the field of executive and supervisory institutions, so that while holding elections in Iran is exclusively under government’s control, in France, other independent institutions such as municipalities and independent citizens also play an important role in holding the elections. On the other hand, supervision of Iran's parliamentary elections is essentially , discretionary type and it’s domain is very broad - which means from the stage of monitoring the authenticity.

But according to the exercise of legislative authority by the Islamic Council, in most cases in recent years and the current situation of Iran with challenges such as; The non-transparency of the delegation of legislative authority, the multiplicity of legislative and decision-making institutions, the lack of determination of the hierarchy of legal norms, the impossibility of the Parliament's supervision over the laws approved by the Supreme Councils, etc., have been faced. The main research question is that; What are the solutions to solve the challenges of applying the jurisdiction of the Islamic Council in the framework of political relations between the parliament and the government and other decision-making institutions? The main hypothesis of the research is that; In the face of the government and other decision-making institutions or in cases where it has the authority to delegate according to the constitution, the Islamic Council must act in order to interact in order to approve appropriate and non-conflicting laws and in order to prevent the inflation of laws. While examining the challenges in the exercise of the legislative authority of the Islamic Council, this article deals with the existence of several ambiguities in the ways out of the challenges of the exercise of the legislative authority of the Parliament, and by clarifying the dimensions of the challenges and their examples in order to get out of the legislative limitations of the Parliament and transparency. The hierarchy of legal norms provides appropriate solutions.

Ilam province, like other provinces of the country after the revolution in the field of political participation, has undergone a traditional transition to open and democratic methods. Ilam is a society in transition from a traditional society to a modern society and is considered semi-traditional or semi-modern in terms of developmental context. The traditional structure, tribe and economic conditions and the existence of traditional reference patterns play an important and active role in leading citizens to political participation in it. Its cultural and social structure is tied to tribal culture, tribe and ethnic diversity and can be called a tribal treasure. Tribe, lineage, tribe, white beard and other traditional elements are rooted in the social structure of Ilam, which is reflected in the creation of a socio-political capital within the group and outside the group in political participation. Tribal Baft - Its tribes have had a greater impact on traditional cohesion and increased inclination to political competition, which is more evident in the elections to the Islamic Consultative Assembly. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to explain the effect of socio-political capital on the level of political participation among the citizens of Ilam province. The method of conducting the current research is a survey and the data collection tool is a questionnaire. Using Cochran's formula from the statistical population of 410949, a sample of 384 people was selected and selected by stratified cluster sampling. The results show that there is a significant and positive relationship between socio-political capital (0.589) and political participation of citizens. Also, there is a significant and positive relationship between the dimensions of socio-political capital, ie socio-political trust (0.763), socio-political cohesion (0.654), socio-political awareness (0.406) and tribal belonging (0.680) and political participation of citizens. has it. In total, 42% of the changes in the political participation of the citizens of Ilam are explained by socio-political capital.

The behavior of the Azadi political group towards Iran's revolutionary developments and the causes of this behavior have always been the focus of contemporary history researchers. Based on this, the evaluation of the performance and behavioral characteristics of the freedom movement group during the Holy Defense period is one of the important issues and worthy of research attention. It seems that this political movement has adopted contradictory positions towards the Iran-Iraq war, therefore, the present article tries to answer this question by applying the theory of political divergence with an analytical-descriptive approach and documentary studies. What were the grounds of the political divergence of the freedom movement in the process of imposed war, and what positions did the representatives of the Islamic Council take? The findings of the article show that at the beginning of the Iraq-Iran conflict, the Freedom Movement group gave theoretical support to the holy defense, but after a short period of time and after the recapture of Khorramshahr on June 3, 1363, the positions of this group changed. was faced and they considered the performance of the Iranian political system in managing the imposed war against the national interests of Iranians. These positions caused the general representatives of the Islamic Council to line up against them and evaluate their positions as a result of their inclination towards the West, cooperation with the groups opposing the Islamic Revolution, and opposition to the religious authority.

Human societies have long been involved in the formation of the government to organize public affairs, optimize efforts, and achieve common goals. They have historically formed various forms of government. Today, the result of human experiences of different ways of governing is theorized within a series of models whose main principles are presented in the form of a model or the model of "good governance". The ways to reach it can vary from community to community. After the Islamic Revolution, the formation of Islamic councils was considered as one of the most important ways to achieve good governance.Currently, more than two decades after the implementation of the law on councils and the formation of the council system in Iran, the main question is to what extent Islamic councils as a form of local government have played a role in achieving the characteristics of good governance. This study seeks to answer this question in the city of Mashhad. It is hypothesized that the performance of the Islamic councils of the city of Mashhad has promoted many characteristics of good governance in the city of Mashhad. By collecting the necessary information in different qualitative methods and examining them in a descriptive-analytical method, the role of the Islamic Council of Mashhad on the status of the most important characteristics of good governance such as participation, justice, transparency, efficiency and effectiveness, specific accountability were identified. Findings show that the performance of Islamic councils in Mashhad has promoted many indicators of good governance in Mashhad.

The purpose of this study is to assess the obstacles facing desalination in Iran. In this regard, this descriptive-analytical study identified the variables affecting decentralization based on semi-structured interviews and previous studies and based on a questionnaire and a survey of 30 experts in the field of local governance, collected the required information. The method of analysis was based on the method of documentary analysis and also using multi-criteria decision analysis methods. The results of the present study showed that the most important obstacles to decentralization in the institutional political component are the lack of integrated urban management; In the economic component, the country's rent economy; In the sociology-administrative component, the lack of necessary powers of the councils and the lack of participation of the people in the decisions of the councils; In the technological and environmental component, (insufficient use of technologies) and in the legal component, (failure to define an executive guarantee for the implementation of council approvals).