soft threat

In this article, the discourse of reformism, as a sub-discourse in front of the discourse of the Islamic revolution, has created a new threat to the Islamic system since the mid-seventies. This discourse, which was formed based on western views, spread in the country's political atmosphere and resulted in two views of reforms with an American reading and reforms with a religious attitude being opposed to each other in the political and media circles and became the source of various debates. Meanwhile, the Supreme Leader's entry into this category has a special place in clarifying the conflict between these two views. This is while the word "reformation" has a high position in religious and Islamic teachings, and according to Martyr Motahari, reformism is an Islamic spirit.that every Muslim is a reformist and at least a supporter of reformism by virtue of being a Muslim, whether he likes it or not, therefore, in this article, the speech of His Holiness in this regard has been analyzed in the form of a strategic model including: purpose, necessity, principles, policy, strategy, and examples. It has been explained

The 2030 Document is apparently the most comprehensive action the international community. It has agreed on since 2015 to achieve sustainable development. Education, which is the fourth main purpose of this document, contains guidelines that try to show themselves in the form of universal rules. this principle is the manifestation of a kind of humanist thinking that is rooted in the will and practical plan of Western and developed countries for the rest of the world. This fact is a proof that the 2030 Document is theoretically considered as a source of soft threat that, regardless of the values, culture and intellectual and moral principles of diverse human societies, intends to harm them with interests and policies of some of the great and influential powers in the United Nations. Following such an unpleasant fact, the present article intends to present the Iranian and Islamic model in the field of education with a localization approach. The main question of the research is what characteristics can be considered to provide such a model? And basically, through what sources can these characteristics be known? The results of the research show us that the important and key characteristics should be obtained from the upstream documents of Islamic Republic of Iran. These characteristics which are in fundamental contradiction with the 2030 Document in their intellectual and philosophical foundations help us to introduce an indigenous Iranian and Islamic model. Analytical and descriptive methods of data, documents and sets of rules help us to raise various issues.

The Islamic Revolution, which is based on a historical thinking and experiences, has invariably been thriving when engaged in fighting foreign threats, where it has been able to guarantee his survival when facing the following threats, something that highlights the most prominent feature of an Islamic-Iranian national identity. In the past four decades, the Islamic Revolution has been undergoing continuous attacks due to the fact that it has been pursuing global values and causes. These threats have been trying to prevent the thriving Revolution, but they have been slightly successful due to the capacity and capability that lies in the Islamic-Iranian identity. Understanding the threats and standing against them in a proportional and convenient way according as the revolution is progressing can contribute to overcoming of challenges, create stability, and keep the Islamic-Iranian identity going. This article seeks to explain the role played by national identity in countering advanced threats with a view to the future. This research is qualitative in terms of method, and applied in terms of objective. The author has analyzed the data using the historical method and causal correlation. Understanding and employing this capacity and capability in facing the future advanced threats can be a determining factor in the continuing progress of the revolution. Confronting the threats in the Islamic-Iranian society requires taking into consideration the Islamic-Iranian identity and its elements, as well as strengthening and continuing them.

National, regional and international changes can be better described and analyzed through the process of globalization; a process that overcomes all political, cultural, economic and security domains at various levels, and all small and large countries are affected by it. Not only is this process the basis of world affiliation, but it is also a factor exacerbating ethnic and national identities. On the other hand, the conflicting consequences of globalization have led to major challenges in the culture, economy, politics and national security of the countries, and provided new opportunities for the recognition of values, identities, borders and national security. In an era with the characteristics of information explosion, enjoying computer and Internet and globalization, the study of national security is not possible without regarding processes and statuses available. It must be remembered that globalization affects the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. These influences depend on the roles played by the Islamic Republic of Iran’s players and elites and macroeconomic system. On the other hand, regarding the appropriate fields of Iran’s cultural, political and geopolitical capabilities, globalization can provide new opportunities, including dynamic economics and a global reputation, which guarantees the national security of the country; otherwise, it will lead to the removal of opportunities and threats to the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. This study aims to answer this question that what impact the globalization has on the national security of nations, especially Iran. The research hypothesis states that globalization, with regard to governments’ status and perspective and how this potential is used, has a positive and sometimes negative impact on a variety of issues, including national security. This is a descriptive-analytical research conducted using library and field (interviews) methods.

Nowadays although the use of soft power or soft war literature in political, cultural and military even has had wide application, but the concept is as old as the history of human social life .Divine prophets throughout history many examples of this kind of war, and there are ways to deal with it in many verses of the Holy Quran in it. One of the main elements of soft war according to the Quran, soft war against the Islamic community's beliefs and worldview. The study is qualitative content analysis, in which the study of the Quran and authentic interpretations, different methods and ways of coping with any war in the realm of faith, was extracted and analyzed, The results showed that in different ways such as : deny, distort, understatement, creating doubt, denying, idolatry, superstition, mixing truth and falsehood, contention, lies close to God, and the faith of some blasphemy to some, out of the religion, the abuse of the sacred and determinism, is used in this type of war. And some coping strategies include insightful, dialogue, calling to faith, reason, respond, warning, interdiction, blame, fear, ultimatum, defiance, fear of loss, or the punishment (hitting force) is.

After the victory of the Islamic Revolution, the establishment of the Revolution’s Fundamental principles, the formation of a new front for those who seek justice with the centrality of the Jihadist thought of fighting oppression, and avoiding dominating and being dominated, a new serious threat has been created by the arrogant powers led by the United States against the Islamic Republic of Iran. This kind of threat is basically defined as an identity warfare fought between the two sides. Under the present circumstances, asking questions about threats is a basic element of the security studies conducted in any country including the Islamic Republic of Iran. New and different definitions have been proposed with a regard to the developments in the world and the complexity of the communities. This article sets out to explain the threats posed to the Islamic Revolution of Iran as viewed by its leaders by referring to the evolution of defining threat, its dimensions, and the ideas and thoughts expressed by both Imam Khomeini and the Supreme Leader, using data analysis method, library resources, and managerial and intellectual experiences. Considering the theoretical findings of the research and the theoretical stages of understanding threats in Islam and the West, there is an identity conflict between the righteous and the wicked in all intellectual and material areas with the centrality of Iran as the center of the resistance front and the wicked front represented by the United States. Further, it emphasizes the necessity of considering the new dimensions of the conflict between the two fronts based on the components of soft and semi-hard warfare by viewing the shift that has occurred in the direction of the threats from hard to semi-hard and soft threats.

The Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) faces various threats in his security environment. Accordingly, the cognition of threat and the manner for how to counter and manage is reckoned as a principle in strategic management. Given the Islamic nature of the system, operation of revelation teachings could be a reliable method for cognition of threat, the focus of its generation as well as development of a strategy for counteraction. Meanwhile, the question the present study deals with is: How is threat reproduced from the perspective of the holy Quran? Hence, the main hypothesis of the study is that human and society are never relieved from threat and after the end of any threat, the next intimidation will be reproduced from emerging focuses. The current paper aims to cognize and prove the reproduction of threat against Moses (peace be upon him) in the period of post-Pharaoh's system. Using a keyword model encompassing Moses, Aaron, Pharaoh, Sameri and Bani-Israel, the study extracts 60 verses. Following, it extracts the meaningful packages of the verses through software, interpretation books and historical and hermeneutic methods, and ranks them based on threat typology in related tables. The collected data are analysed and proved by means of descriptive-deductive statistical methods and it is confirmed that the threat against his Excellency is of a cycling process, i.e. after Pharaoh's system, the threat is reproduced by the civil experts and from the context of Bani-Israel.

Today, one of the main factors of strategic plans in countries such as IRI is to recognize, confront and manage threats. Based on the religious nature and religious teachings, IRI has the advantage to employ the best methods to formulate strategies to confront threats especially soft ones. The main question in this study relates to identifying the nature and types of Pharaonic threats against Moses. The hypothesis of the study is that soft threats are the main threats with the higher variety, frequency and priority against Moses concerning the typology of the threats. The main purpose of the study is to identify the typology and ontology of the Pharaonic threats against Moses. Key words such as Moses, children of Israel, Haroon and Pharaoh were used to search in Holy Quran and 83 related verses were selected to be interpreted and ranked based on the objective of the study. Descriptive and referential statistic methods were used to analyze the data. Findings show that soft threats with the higher variety, frequency and priority than hard ones were used by pharaonic system against Moses.

With domination of soft discussion to security of governors, first the nature of concepts such as power, security threats, and the relationship between them is changing And secondly, partnership, trust and loyalty of the people to the government and in a single word, social capital played an important role in national security and counter security threats has also increased the amount of powerful countries. In this regard, security and power is people oriented. Thus, social capital may serve as a link between the three components of strength, security and threatening. So the main question of this paper is how to create link between these three factors. To answer this question, the communication pattern between the three components has been designed. So first we can Use social capital as a shared resource for all three concepts, and then with appropriate indicators of social capital and establish smooth relationship between the terms. This election is also about communication, especially in schools. Method of this paper is descriptive - analytical study of practices through the compilation of library documents.

The approval of the Constitution of Iraq in 2005 and formation of a federal government and consequently the establishment of the autonomous region ofKurdistanhave led a considerable impact on the adjacent countries. Due to the neighborhood of theKurdistanwith the Kurdish area of our country as well as their cultural and ethnic ties some preparations have been made for soft threat against the Islamic Republic of Iran. The signification of Kurdish culture and identity in line with pan Kurdism, and promotion of the level of political, cultural and economic demands despite the existing economic limitations in our country are among soft threats posed against the security ofIran. The main objectives of the present paper, based on descriptive-analytical method, are to study the commonalities between the Kurds of the two countries, find out the soft power of Kurds, and review the history of the struggles and longstanding claims of some Kurdish parties for realization of Great Kurdistan. The main focus of the present paper is to study the developments in Iraqi Kurdistan within the framework of soft threat against the Islamic Republic of Iran which is a new endeavor. Hence, the main question of the present paper is: what soft threats the recent developments in Iraqi Kurdistan pose against the security ofIran? The hypothesis of the present paper is: due to cultural, identity, and ethnic as well as the soft power of Kurdistan, the autonomy of the Iraqi Kurdistan, on the side of their activities to promote the Kurdish identity, poses soft threat toIran.

The concept of soft war has been more and more referred to in the statements made by the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran, where he referred to university instructors and scholars as commanders who are involved in countering the enemy’s soft war. Economic soft war is a most important aspect of the soft war which has been less considered in the literature of soft war, despite being increasingly relevant and focused by enemies. The present research has been conducted with the aim of understanding the nature and objectives of economic soft war, and introducing the capacities and constraints involved in managing the scene thereof, using the questionnaire tool, and answering the research questions using statistical methods- descriptive and inferential. The results of this research have been described by focusing on the principles of preventive crisis management in the economic soft war at three levels, namely institutional, instrumental and cognitive-human in domestic and external dimensions for each of the three areas- namely people (public opinion), elites, government and governmental authorities. The research results indicate that the economic soft war can be considered as interchangeable with the undermining or collapse of values, beliefs, and behavioral models of an economy whose objectives can be categorized in the form of values and production models; values and consumption patterns; and values and the economic managementpattern including the formal and informal structure of the country’s economy. Finally, the results of the research recognize 51 parameters as capacity, and 33 ones as constraints, summarizing how they are used in explaining the conceptual strategy and model of the subject under study.

Soft power in the process of Islamic revolution of Iran is, not only important at internal level but, Imam Khomeini,s messages at regional and international level revived the identity of Islamic world, promoted Islamic awakening, and restructured Islamic civilization. In this article it is attempted to examine the dimensions of Islamic soft power and to recognize the main damages to Islamic revolution.

Managing urban unrests can be considered as the process of a comprehensive, efficient and prompt usage of available sources in order to control civil unrests with minimal damage. Certainly one of the major functions of managing unrests is to overcome the crisis and return to society’s normal status. This type of management is overt which its performance is in the public eye and develops public confidence. Effective and successful backlash against unrests is the essence of this management, and achieving it requires recognition of its principles and proper planning in facing street riots. This article tries to consider principles of managing urban unrests.

The main question of this article is about the soft threat Components. Author has tried to review the literature related to the topic or focus on three regions: North-West Russia, the European Union and African countries to describe soft threat components. The comparative study of these areas shows three essential features for soft threat and security: First, it focuses on topics that earlier were discussed only in sociology, urban management, and service society. Second, it intends to identify, strengthen and use social capital and finally, it tries to resolve actual or mental concerns of society. More subtle point is that although we speak of the society's soft security, the ultimate beneficiary is the government that will try to organize national relations and exchanges after providing social order.