آمادگی جسمانی

Considering that beach volleyball plays an important role in the development of volleyball and sports in the country and the performance of beach athletes is influenced by various factors, therefore, the present research examines the model of physical characteristics and psychological characteristics [mental toughness, mental health] on the success of beach volleyball players. Iran was investigated. The research included the statistical population consisting of beach volleyball athletes, and the size of the population and sample was 110 people selected purposefully. The tools include tests to measure physical fitness, i.e. 1600, sit-up, bar fix, 9×4 run, high jump and flexibility, Goldberg's general health questionnaire and tenacity questionnaire with the components of challenge, control, trust, excitement, self-confidence and commitment with a reliability of 0.98 and the questionnaire Sports success has been used as variables of training and competition performance with a reliability of 0.92, which was above 0.75 in the preliminary plan. Pearson's correlation analysis and structural equations were used to answer the hypotheses. The results showed that physical characteristics and psychological characteristics had an impact on success. The model also had the necessary fit. Since their importance is known to everyone, we need planning to increase their psychological characteristics and mental health.

In the current research, the pathology of the physical fitness training of Bojnord police command staff in 2023 was discussed. Based on the subject and objectives of the study, this research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of the nature of the data. The statistical population was considered to be all managers, teachers and employees of the police force of Bojnord city, and their number was reported to be 274. According to the Morgan table, the statistical sample of the present study was estimated to be 160, and this number of questionnaires was selected through the snowball sampling method. The type of validity of the content questionnaire was confirmed by several experts in this field. And the reliability of questionnaires using Cronbach's alpha for manpower (0.836), structure and organization (0.769), facilities and equipment (0.769), physical injuries (0.841), training content (0.712), training method (0.759) , evaluation (0.765), government employee training process (0.736), employee training rules and regulations (0.742), government employee training system structure (0.768) and the entire questionnaire (0.940. Also, the results showed that the rules and regulations of employee training with an average rating of (1081.40), evaluation with an average rating of (981.28) and the structure of the government employee training system with an average rating of (973.41) are respectively more vulnerable. Physical components with an average rating (241.75( and human resources with an average rating (637.42) respectively have the least injuries in the physical fitness training of the police force of Bojnord.

Educational, military, and law enforcement institutions are ideal settings for implementing programs to enhance employees' physical fitness. This study aimed to develop a model for improving the physical fitness of operational police units in Bushehr, focusing on the region's geographical and natural conditions.

This applied, developmental study employed a mixed-methods approach. The qualitative phase involved purposive sampling of senior officials in the physical training and operational units of the Bushehr police, alongside sports science experts. The sample reached theoretical saturation after semi-structured interviews with 21 participants, using the snowball technique. In the quantitative phase, 239 operational police officers in Bushehr in 1212 were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected via interviews and a researcher-designed questionnaire. MAXQDA was used for qualitative data analysis, while SPSS was employed for demographic analysis.

The analysis identified 662 concepts, grouped into 77 subcategories across six main dimensions: budget allocation, sports infrastructure and equipment, collaboration with sports organizations, use of coaches, diet and nutrition, and planning and training.

The proposed model for enhancing physical fitness in Bushehr police units emphasized key components such as physical strength, performance, flexibility, endurance, balance and coordination, sportsmanship, and health. Fitness indicators included muscular and cardiovascular fitness, respiratory health, physical and mental wellbeing, nutritional health, environment, and type of exercise.

One of the ways to enhance physical fitness in any organization and society is to promote physical education and sports among the employees and individuals of that organization and community. The goal of this research is to identify and prioritize methods for improving the physical readiness of female students at the Police Sciences University.Research

The present research is both goal-oriented and mixed-method in its approach. In the quantitative section, the entire population of female students at the university was included. Common physical fitness tests were administered to assess their current physical readiness. In the qualitative section, experienced professors and instructors participated. Sampling in the qualitative section was purposeful, and the sample size was determined based on theoretical saturation. Semi-structured interviews and library research were used in the qualitative part of the research.

The research results indicate that organizational factors are the most significant factor in improving the physical readiness of female students. Additionally, in order of importance, obstacles to physical development, personal factors, requirements, and facilitating factors also have an impact on the development of physical readiness in female students.

Based on the conducted research, the factors influencing the improvement of physical readiness in female students have been categorized into five factors: obstacles to physical development, requirements, personal factors, organizational factors, and facilitating factors. Therefore, leaders and managers of the university should consider these factors in order to enhance the physical readiness of female students.

According to the job and mission requirements of the military, they should engage in physical and sports activities. Therefore, this research seeks to answer this question, what is the appropriate model for maintaining and improving the combat power of the Iranian armed forces personnel with a focus on physical fitness? This research is mixed in terms of the purpose of application and the method of doing it. The participants in this research were managers and expert commanders in the field of sports in the armed forces. The sampling method was purposeful. The theoretical saturation method was used to estimate the sample size. Data collection tools included interviews and questionnaires. Qualitative analysis and structural equations were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that the causal factors include: financial, humanitarian, scientific and scientific, educational and research and planning. background conditions including psychological, demographic, structural and behavioral; The main axis includes martial power and championship sports. While the intervening conditions include equipment and facilities and technology; Strategies include structural, economic, social, international, legal, and standardization. These factors will create 12 desirable outcomes. Creating a suitable platform for the development of employees in the field of sports, development of sports infrastructure, development of public sports based on scientific principles and compilation of physical fitness indicators can be among the factors that help maintain and increase the physical fitness of employees in improving the combat power of Iran's armed forces.

The police have the heavy responsibility of ensuring the security and internal order of the territory. Success combined with the accuracy of performance in dangerous police missions and unavoidable conflicts is closely related to the combat ability of employees. Therefore, the aim of the current research was to identify the social consequences of the development and promotion of police combat sports.

In terms of its objectives the current research is of an applied type, in terms of method it is an exploratory research, and in terms of data type it is considered qualitative. The community of participants included professors and experts in the field of social sciences, physical education, as well as police commanders who were in direct contact with the people in 2022 and were engaged in their assigned missions. Sampling was purposefully selected, which reached theoretical saturation with 12 people. The research tool included a semi-structured interview and the validity of the research was confirmed by Guba and Lincoln method. Data analysis was done by theme analysis method.

The social consequences of the development and promotion of police combat sports are a social security component (including indicators of social stability, social order, social cohesion, social acceptance, social surveillance, social exclusion of criminals, social prevention, social peace, and social control) and a social capital component (including indicators of social participation, social trust, social authority, social acceptance and satisfaction, social approval, social attractiveness, social credit, social commitment, social acceptance, social image and dignity, social interaction, and sense of security).

According to the findings of the research, it can be concluded that paying attention to sports and strengthening the physical fitness of employees, in addition to the immediate effect on the success of missions, also brings disciplinary consequences and social capital to the police.

 physical fitness is one of the essential components for success in military service duties. Due to covid-19, the duration of the training course has been halved. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the physical fitness of training soldiers during the coronavirus era.

 42 healthy soldiers were selected for the training course in March 2019. After the medical examination, the health and physical activity questionnaire was completed by the participants. Anthropometric tests (age, height, weight and body mass index) and physical fitness, including cardiovascular endurance (two 3200 meters), muscular endurance of the middle body (sit and lie test) and upper body (Swedish swimming test), flexibility (hand extension test) to nine toes), agility, speed and jumping were taken by physical education specialists. SPSS v.22 software was used for data analysis.

 The average age, weight, and height of the subjects were 22 years, 75 kg, and 173 cm, respectively. Forty percent of people were in the thin range, 25% of the people were in the normal range, 16% in the overweight range and 19% of these people were in the obese range. The average running time in the cardiovascular endurance test was 16.4 minutes. The average endurance of upper body and middle body muscles was 52.4 and 42.5 respectively. Also, the average results of flexibility, agility, speed and jump tests were 62.7, 13.2, 9.1 and 1.7 respectively.

The physical condition of most of the participants is in good condition. In terms of physical activities, the results showed that there is no significant difference between them. It seems that reducing the duration of the training course is a good decision in this critical period.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the morning exercise of mental health and some factors of physical fitness of citizens of Marand city.

68 subjects were randomly divided into two experimental groups (n = 34) and a control group (n = 34). The experimental group was trained for 3 months and 4 sessions per week for 45 to 60 minutes of morning exercise under the careful review of the research. To assess mental health, Goldberg and Hiller (1979) 28-item general health questionnaire, and to measure the flexibility of the session and performance test, to measure the standing balance of the standing test, to measure the dynamic balance of the upper and lower steps, and To measure the strength of the affected limb, the number of sitting and getting up from the chair in 30 seconds was used as a research tool. Finally, the data collected using paired t-test were compared experimentally to compare pre-test post-test and for differences between independent t-test groups at a significant level of 0.05, so it was analyzed.. The results show that the trial of manufacturing companies in morning exercise in all research variables is currently usually performed better than others in practice (P <0.05). According to the findings of this study, it seems that morning exercise can be used as a useful way to increase physical fitness and mental health of other elderly people

The purpose of this study was to investigate the morning exercise of mental health and some factors of physical fitness of citizens of Marand city.

68 subjects were randomly divided into two experimental groups (n = 34) and a control group (n = 34). The experimental group was trained for 3 months and 4 sessions per week for 45 to 60 minutes of morning exercise under the careful review of the research. To assess mental health, Goldberg and Hiller (1979) 28-item general health questionnaire, and to measure the flexibility of the session and performance test, to measure the standing balance of the standing test, to measure the dynamic balance of the upper and lower steps, and To measure the strength of the affected limb, the number of sitting and getting up from the chair in 30 seconds was used as a research tool. Finally, the data collected using paired t-test were compared experimentally to compare pre-test post-test and for differences between independent t-test groups at a significant level of 0.05, so it was analyzed.. The results show that the trial of manufacturing companies in morning exercise in all research variables is currently usually performed better than others in practice (P <0.05). According to the findings of this study, it seems that morning exercise can be used as a useful way to increase physical fitness and mental health of other elderly people.

Today, one of the most important factors on people's health is exercise and physical activity and affects the dynamics of performance and vitality of children, adolescents, adults and the elderly. An inactive lifestyle and poor nutrition have led to an increase in cardiovascular disease and obesity (Yolanda and Olira, 2012). While sport appears to provide numerous benefits to participants around the world, the level of sporting participation has declined or stagnated (Chalip, 2006). Among the exercises, morning exercise is one of the useful exercises for all ages. Morning exercise not only causes positive physiological and physical changes but also has very beneficial psychological effects. According to some views, sport is a mediator and a factor of communication between the individual and himself or others, this aspect of cognition can be involved in social adjustments and personality (Ahmadi et al., 2017). Also, exercising in the morning to use the clean air in the morning is more useful in the functioning of different body systems compared to exercising at other times. And becomes anxious (Danward et al., 2011). Lack of proof of the functions of morning exercise on all factors as well as the lack of scientific evaluations has led to the lack of appropriate scientific evidence on the functions of morning exercise in various dimensions among the groups participating in morning exercise. This issue has caused the present study to be designed and implemented with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of morning exercise on physical and mental performance of citizens of Marand city. Therefore, the main question of the present study is whether morning exercise affects the physical and mental performance of the citizens of Marand city?

The present study is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study includes 84 elderly men and women in the age range of 60 to 70 years. Among them, 68 people were selected by convenience sampling and divided into two experimental groups (n = 34) and a control group (n = 34) by simple random sampling. The experimental group performed research sessions for 45 to 60 minutes of morning exercise for 3 months and 4 sessions per week under the supervision of the researchers. To assess the mental health of the subjects, a 28-item general health questionnaire was used. This questionnaire was presented by Goldberg and Hiller (1979) and has 4 sub-scales which are: Physical symptoms (attitude of the person in this questionnaire to physical condition, related to health or ill health), symptoms Anxiety and sleep disturbance (unpleasant conditions expressed in terms such as worry, anxiety, panic and fear). Social function (a person's way of thinking, in relation to his or her social function in society and in relation to other people) and depressive symptoms (a type of mood disorder whose two main characteristics are frustration and sadness, in which the person, in addition to these two characteristics, Feels inadequate and worthless).

The results of paired t-test showed that there was no significant difference in physical symptoms (0.858), anxiety (0.398), social function (0.432) and depression (0.695) in the control group. But physical symptoms (0.023), anxiety (0.001), social functioning (0.008) and depression (0.03) Pre-test-post-test There is a significant difference in the experimental group. The results of paired t-test showed that there was a significant difference in the amount of static balance (0.987), dynamic balance (0.211), muscle strength (0.435) and flexibility (0.885) in pre-test-post-test in the control group. does not have. However, there is a significant difference between static balance (0.001), dynamic balance (0.018), muscle strength (0.031) and flexibility (0.001). Pre-test-post-test in the experimental group.

Undoubtedly, morning exercises can be considered as one of these strategies, which has taken a more complete form with the civilization of human beings. According to the background of the present study, morning exercise can have many positive physiological and psychological effects such as: weight loss, improving its control, increasing bone density and preventing osteoporosis, reducing resting heart rate, lowering blood pressure, reducing the risk of heart disease. Vascular, reduce the risk of various diseases and prevent anxiety and depression in the elderly (Gholam Ali and Nourshahi, 2012). It is also observed that the effect of regular movements and sports exercises in various systematic parts of the body has an important and significant effect on individuals and increases the health of individuals and thus the health of family and society. Now, in a situation where the average age in our country is increasing, the need for society to research and study in this field and examine the challenges that exist or will arise in the future, is essential. With further study in this case and by carrying out practical strategies and creating the necessary ground and suitable bed by the officials and those involved, our country will move towards a healthy society of the elderly. On the other hand, the need to provide appropriate and useful solutions also makes our researchers determined to conduct research and research in this field.

The functions of sport in today's modern society are varied and numerous as such, it affects most aspects of social life in society. Therefore, understanding and studying these influences and impacts is needed and emphasized in different fields of the humanities including anthropology.Wrestling is a traditional and popular sport in Iran and in Iranian society and remembering the elders of the Wrestling, such as Takhti, Habibi and other heroes creates a special feeling in the community and as the wrestling in Iran is becoming more professional, it finds a complicated connection with other social institutions such as politics, economics, socio-cultural phenomena such as identity, leisure time, violent behavior and socialization of members of society. That's why this is a common phenomenon in Mazandaran province in general and in Sari community in particular, make the researcher to think this topic of research. And answer the question of wrestling sport in Sari area, such as: what are the socio-cultural functions (with what indicators)? And what is the mechanism of transferring socio-cultural functions through wrestling in this region?

The present research uses qualitative methods (such as observation, interviews, written responses from athletes, wrestling recordings, and in some cases content analysis of specialized wrestling journals and newspapers). The statistical population of the study included Sari wrestling clubs (Takhti, Delavaran, Bargh, Amini, Milad Noor, Machakposht, Ariobarzan, Tabarestan, Javan and Dokhaniat). However, the focus of the present study has been on Milad Noor and Takhti. Each of them has about 70 wrestlers. The sample of the study included interviews and focus groups with salon coaches, wrestler fathers, sports teachers, wrestlers and their coaches in Sari. During the research, 40 focus interviews were conducted with all four groups.

The findings show that wrestling has a wide variety of functions in the city of Sari, the mechanism of transferring socio-cultural functions of wrestling sport in the researched community, which is  known as the values on an ancient and rooted tradition. In addition, it is consistent with the economic and social conditions of Mazandaran where agriculture is predominant. The dignity of the brave has found a place in the community in itself. So It has influenced many of the social actions and reactions.

Wrestling was rooted in the religious beliefs of the region and in addition to preventing social harm, it has functions such as leisure time, physical fitness and a channel to drain energy and a route to direct aggression in the city of Sari.

Due to the periodic nature and intense and rapid activities of badminton, in addition to technical and tactical skills, attention should be paid to psychological skills that play a significant role in badminton.

The present study attempts to investigate the predictive role of physical fitness characteristics on social anxiety and mental fitness of skilled badminton players.

The method of the present study is descriptive-correlational. Participants of the present study were selected due to the existing limitations (lack of skilled athletes), 20 male and female athletes (East Azerbaijan province who are members of the national team and participants of the national league) with an age range of 15 to 20 years. Sargent springs and jumps were used to measure anaerobic power, bass balance to measure dynamic balance, mental fitness questionnaire (to measure mental fitness) and social anxiety questionnaire (SAQ) were used to analyze anxiety. For data analysis, Pearson correlation and regression by Inter method were used.

After reviewing the data, the results showed that there was a good correlation between mental fitness and physical fitness variables and due to the high levels of beta and t and low levels of physical fitness, a high predictive role. In mental fitness, but there is a weak and insignificant relationship between physical fitness and social anxiety factors: social anxiety and sergeant jump (p = 0.081), bass anxiety and balance (p = 0.095), social anxiety And rast (p = 0.762).

According to the obtained values, it can be concluded that physical fitness has a great impact on the mental states of athletes and affects these characteristics, and the higher the physical fitness of athletes, the higher their mental fitness. As a result, things like self-confidence, concentration, mental imagery, and many other things that are part of mental fitness are affected and reinforce these variables in professional athletes, as well as Professional athletes have low social anxiety due to long-term presence in sports fields and high experience in social situations, and physical fitness factors do not have a predictive role on social anxiety of professional athletes.

The aim of present study was to compare the effect of 8 weeks high intensity interval training (HIT) and morning exercises on physical fitness of north khorasan police force. For this purpose, 50 police force personnel of Bojnourd, were randomly divided into 2 groups: HIT training
(25 persons) and morning exercises (25 persons). HIT Training protocol was above 90 percent of maximum heart rate for 8 weeks and was conducted 3 sessions per week. Morning exercise group performed daily morning exercise for 8 weeks. Physical fitness test was performed before and after of 8 weeks of HIT and morning exercises. For data analysis paired T-test and Wilcoxon to within group and independent T-test and U-Mann whitney to between group were used in P<0.05. results showed that 8 weeks of HIT training have significant effect on cardiovascular fitness, muscular endurance and speed (P <0.05) but eight weeks of morning exercise had significant effect on cardiovascular fitness. In addition, between 8 weeks of HIT a morning exercises on cardiovascular fitness, muscular endurance and speed in police force, significant difference was observed. HIT training has positive effect on physical fitness factor in police force personnel and so suggested to increase the physical fitness in police force personnel, HIT training added to morning exercises.

This study aims at comparing the factors of physical fitness of the female students in junior high school with national norms in 2012. The samples of this study were 200 students of junior high schools from public and private schools who were selected in cluster random sampling method. Measured factors in the present study consist of: cardiovascular endurance with running test of 540 meters, abdominal muscle endurance with long meeting with modified bar fix test, agility with running test of 4×9, flexibility with trunk flexion test (sit & reach) which were compared with national average in 2012. To analyze the data, the researchers used descriptive statistic method, and to test the hypotheses they used inferential statistics method, Levine test (equality or inequality of data) and independent T– test (equality or in equality of averages). All levels of inferential statistics in significant level (p<0.05) was performed. The results show that there was no significant difference between physical fitness factors of female students of junior high schools in Ilam with national average in all levels and physical fitness factors in 3rd level was closer than first & second level to the national average. Thus, it can be concluded that female students in junior high schools are in a favorable situation of physical fitness.

One of the most vital and necessary bases for an organization’s existence is to be generative and productive. In this regard, planning and conducting appropriate skill training and recruiting interested and determined human resource are of great importance for advancing the goals of the organization. To achieve thegoals of the research it is necessary to address the effective factors on skill capability such as training, physical fitness, personality, intelligence, aptitude, and motivation so that by desired stemming we could achieve appropriate strategies to increase the students’ skill capabilities in disciplinary field. The present study is of an implicational type and descriptive method. The statistical population includes the students in bachelor degree in the academic year of 2010 – 2011. The data collection was through the questionnaire and the obtained data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The results are as follows: the hypotheses of intelligence and aptitude were on the first priority and physical fitness was on the last priority. Based on the associated students’ ideas, the hypothesis of personality had the highest frequency and the hypothesis of training had the lowest frequency. Based on the non-associated students’ ideas, the hypothesis of training had the highest frequency and the hypothesis of personality had the lowest frequency. Given that the significance level (Sig.) is less than the alpha level (here 0.05), the null hypothesis is rejected and since both the lower and upper bounds are positive, with 95% of confidence the impact of these assumptions on students’ skill capability are estimated as high or higher.